The following is the speech made by Zhou Shijian, arbitrator of China International Trade Arbitration Commission and executive director of China International Trade Association at the forum: I would like to talk about the following points. First, China's foreign trade has developed rapidly since the 20th century. In terms of exports, it was 27.8% in 2000, 6.8% in 2006, 22.4% in 2002 and 34.6% in 2003. In the first nine months of 2004, it was 35.3%, reaching $4162 billion. Such a large scale and such a fast speed are rare in the foreign trade history of all countries in the world. Another thing that must be noted now is that the market is too concentrated. In my opinion, 1993 was basically not exported to the United States, Europe, Japan and Hong Kong by 2002, accounting for 72.5% of our total export. In 2003, progress was made. Exports to the above four regions amounted to US$ 300.3 billion, accounting for 68.5% of the total exports. Take shoes as an example. Last year, we exported 5.025 billion pairs of shoes, accounting for 62.3% to the United States, the European Union and Japan. Exports are too concentrated. Our overall situation is that China is rising, which has caused panic in the world, especially in western developed countries. At a forum on China, Jeffrey Garten, Dean of Yale University School of Management, said that China and the United States will face fierce economic confrontation, China's economy will develop rapidly, and China will not slow down its development in the next few years. The United States is not prepared enough. On the 22nd, People's Daily published an article saying that China, the United States and Central Europe will fight a tough battle on the textile issue. This speed of development in China has caused panic in western industries. The three most commonly used means to contain China's exports in western countries are technical means, administrative means and legal means. Technical barriers to trade, intellectual property protection, anti-dumping, countervailing, safeguard measures. TBT, I am also a consultant of TBT of the University of Economics and Business. According to a survey conducted by the Science and Technology Department of the Ministry of Commerce in 2002, 39% of China's 7 1 accounts for it. % of enterprises exported in 2002, which was limited by foreign technical barriers, resulting in a loss of $654.38+0.7 billion, 40% of which came from the European Union, 27% from the United States and 25% from Japan. Technical barriers to trade are more destructive to our exports than anti-dumping measures, and many of his practices are that you must do it. There is also an anti-dumping hearing, and you can plead. I came first. Nearly 90% enterprises in China food industry are restricted by technical barriers to trade. In terms of intellectual property protection, the United States launched 337 investigations in the past two years, with 18 in 2000-2003. The United States now believes that at that time in 1995, the United States believed that it was mainly because we violated him, mainly because the CD harmed the interests of the United States/kloc-0.5 billion US dollars. In July this year, they now believe that total infringement has damaged the interests of American goods by $24 billion. Now I've said everything, from CD-ROM to Viagra, from copyright to trademark, from small hardware to light industrial textile auto parts. In late September, China's Ministry of Commerce and China National Intellectual Property Administration jointly held a press conference, which clearly announced that China would use 1 year to crack down on IPR infringement. Zhang Xiaochong: Let me interrupt. Everyone who knows technology knows that there is definitely a gap between our technical level and Japan and the United States. Of course, our country is far behind. We are now in the initial stage of infringement. Thirdly, according to the laws of the Ministry of Commerce, from August this year 1979 to August this year, including the European Union, 663 cases were initiated against our products, including 593 cases of anti-dumping, 57 cases of countervailing, special safeguard 1 1, as well as socks and bras. According to the tool trade statistics of the Ministry of Commerce, from 1979 to the end of August 2004, * * 34 countries and regions (including 25 EU countries) initiated 663 legal measures against or involving China products, including 593 anti-dumping cases, 27 countervailing cases, 57 safeguard cases and/kloc-0 special safeguard cases. Shi Shiwei: At the fair, I met some American friends, and they all thought that the quality of our products was not as good as that of Japan. Our present situation is low price and low quality. ) There are several statements that I want to emphasize. I'm from the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation. China's products can still be used. Fakes are real, and cheap ones are still good. Now Europe and America don't mean that there will be a big problem with the quality of our products. Second, study hard and apply WTO rules. First of all, we should obey the rules. Second, apply WTO rules and increase the training of WTO rules. There is an urgent need for a large number of WTO talents with practical technical ability. All regions that have joined the WTO, especially developing countries, have some exceptions when implementing the WTO. Many companies are controversial, and the United States and the European Union have done much more than us. For example, the United States imposes a high tax rate on imported products that are ruled to be dumped. Who will pay the extra tax? The United States stipulates that whoever initiates anti-dumping will benefit, rather than the WTO anti-dumping law, which stipulates that all should be handed over to the Ministry of Finance, so American enterprises will be very excited to initiate dumping. As far as we are concerned, we should learn the rules of the WTO. To put it bluntly, it is to exploit loopholes. It can be said that in the face of WTO rules, we can only be qualified students, not excellent students. Just like a student's exam, 60 points is enough, and 59 points is to repeat. Everyone is using WTO rules, and the result of being an excellent student is that you suffer. So this requires us to cultivate a large number of talents. It has been three years since China joined the WTO, and WTO rules have threatened our foreign trade surplus to some extent. Now we must try our best to make a breakthrough next year. Otherwise, like cars now, the price is getting lower and lower. By 2006, the automobile tariff will be reduced to 25%, and imported cars will be cheaper. Anyone who wants to buy it can buy it. The third point is the comparison of enthusiasm for trade cases at home and abroad. Fairness is achieved through struggle, but our traditional view in China is that' M is God', and God has the final say, so you don't have to worry about it yourself. The modern legal concept is that if the plaintiff says you are black and the defendant does not come out to fight and defend, the judge will not judge you that the defendant is not black. There are no masters in western law. Even worse is the technical barrier. For example, the European Union often sets some technical standards, and those that fail to meet the standards cannot be imported. It's not like anti-dumping. You don't even have a chance to defend yourself. He doesn't consider whether you are wronged or not, but only prevents you from going abroad. Some technologies have double standards, one for foreign products and the other for domestic products, so the role of the government in technical barriers is irreplaceable. Of course, enterprises must not only rely on themselves, but also through the chamber of commerce to fight this kind of thing. On the issue of anti-dumping, we must strive for market economy status. There are still different views on the status of market economy. Some people say that the products of market economy countries are still blocked. Because I am engaged in practical work in this field, I have a deeper understanding. At present, many cases are being prosecuted in China. 265438+In the first four years of the 20th century, China's product lawsuits accounted for 16.4% of the world's total exports, but only 5.9% of the world's total exports. The two are not in harmony. A key issue here is that wages in Singapore are much higher than ours when calculating costs. Enterprises in China are always fighting such lawsuits, but they always lose. Fourth, they need to make great efforts to diversify their exports and open up new markets in South America and Africa. Repeatedly mobilize export diversification, once our import and export enterprises have problems, the state must protect enterprises, otherwise who will dare to do it? The diversification strategy and long-term development of enterprises should be supported and guaranteed by the state. Besides, the government should increase scientific research. In 200 1 year, China's national investment in science and technology was1600 million US dollars, equivalent to 5.7% of 270 billion US dollars. Some experts say that we can catch up with America in 30 years. If I want to compete with the United States with such scientific research investment and research and development speed, two words-no way!