The official language is Indonesian. There are about 300 national languages ??and dialects. When dealing with Indonesian businessmen, you should be familiar with the local customs and customs there, which is very helpful for the exchanges between the two parties. Indonesians do not like others to ask their name. In a country with diverse ethnic groups, the customs and habits of its people are also very different. For example, Sumatran people usually like to sleep on the highlands, while Javanese people prefer to sleep on the ground. One of the distinctive characteristics of Indonesian people is to maintain deep friendships, talk about old friendships, and stay together with old friends. You can confide in your heart, but if you are a businessman, client or friend with whom you have a normal relationship, even if you are polite and even talk quite speculatively, it can only be a formality, and the real things from your heart will not be revealed easily. Therefore, when interacting with Indonesians, you cannot have high hopes for one or two meetings. To focus on the future, treat Indonesian businessmen as your friends and fully demonstrate your sincerity to gain their trust.

To deepen your friendship with Indonesians, you must also remember that Indonesians like guests to visit their homes, and they are welcome to visit them at any time of the day. When you are a guest in an Indonesian home, you can see that every household, even if it is not a very wealthy family, is very particular about the decoration of its living room. Visiting Indonesian people's homes can increase emotional exchanges and has become a secret to interacting with Indonesians. It would be best if you can choose to conduct business negotiations in an Indonesian home. This can eliminate the barriers between host and guest, and the effect of transaction negotiations will be better. If you go to an Indonesian home with carpets, take off your shoes before entering the house. When entering holy places, especially mosques, you must take off your shoes.

Indonesians are very polite and never speak ill of others. Naturally, they don’t like those who speak ill of others. When meeting Indonesians, you can shake hands or nod. In Indonesia, for general business visits, you can wear a suit, tie and trousers. When visiting government offices, you should wear a suit, make an appointment in advance, and be on time for your appointment. Indonesia's trade industry is a peculiar mix of public and private businesses. Most import and export business is handled by nine state-owned trading companies (Niagas). Indonesian businessmen are very slow to make decisions, and business negotiations are usually very long. In order to get a good result, it is best to prepare to stay for more than a week. The business world is very polite, especially giving gifts to each other. It is advisable to prepare some small gifts for businessmen, officials and their wives when visiting. When you are invited to be a guest, you can bring a bouquet of flowers to the host. The guest does not have to give a gift, but it is best to say a few words of thanks or write a note to express your gratitude. When talking, avoid talking about local politics, socialism, and foreign aid to them.

In Indonesia, Islamic customs have a great influence. Currently, there are more than 369,000 mosques and small mosques on various islands across the country (according to the "Encyclopedia of Indonesia"), only Jakarta has one There are more than 1,000 mosques and more than 4,000 small mosques in the city. Completed in 1978 in the center of Jakarta, the Istilal Mosque is the largest and most gorgeous mosque in Southeast Asia, with a capacity of more than 100,000 people. In Indonesia, some mosques are not allowed to enter and local rules must be strictly followed.

People in Southeast Asian countries are generally approachable. The way to get along with Indonesians is not to look sad and not to mention Mrs. Debbie (a famous Japanese socialite who later married former President Sukarno). Indonesians like to laugh most. They laugh when they feel comfortable and when they have successfully completed something. Laughter is another language for them. They also like to joke, and they even consider it a form of social courtesy to "laugh often." In Indonesia, a well-educated businessman should immediately give his business card to each other when they first meet each other. Otherwise, don't blame the other party for treating him coldly.

It is customary to say hello when sitting together with Indonesians. When an Indonesian travels on a train and meets a stranger sitting with him, if his share of food is delivered first, he will definitely say hello to the other person: "We How about we come together?" The other party replied: "Thank you, please use it." Indonesians believe that the left hand is unclean. They are accustomed to using their right hand and avoid using their left hand or both hands to pick up food and other items.

Indonesians have different customs. Javanese people have mysterious beliefs and avoid talking about birthdays.

Balinese women like to go shirtless and bare their backs to show their holiness. When guests enter the area where the Shaqiang people live, they must shout loudly, otherwise they will be considered to have bad intentions.

Indonesia is a good place for tourists. There are many islands and beautiful scenery, which are worth visiting. Generally speaking, the ethnic groups in Southeast Asia are very hospitable. When you visit a family, sometimes you will encounter the other person eating. In this case, the Indonesian people will definitely say: "Come, eat with us." . You don’t have to be polite when I invite you to dinner. If you decline politely, they will think you are not polite. In an Indonesian home, when you see a cute-looking child, do not touch the child's head. If you touch his head, the other person will definitely turn the other way.

Business activities are best conducted from September to June of the following year, with more holidays in July and August. It rains continuously from December to February. Holidays vary every year, so it is advisable to check before traveling, pay attention to dietary hygiene, and avoid drinking raw water.

Indonesian Clothing Etiquette

1. Manners and Etiquette

In Indonesia, when people sit down, they cannot cross their legs. If they must do this, they must Place the knee of one leg on top of the knee of the other leg. In Bali, sit with your legs flat on the floor. If you point your toes or soles at others, it is considered an insult to others. Indonesians don't like foreigners kissing in public. If people call children and tricycle drivers, they can use gestures. On other occasions, when calling people, they should put their palms downward and extend their fingers to make inward flexion movements, rather than using one finger.

Indonesians do not like to yawn in person. If it is difficult to control, they should cover their mouth with their right hand. Putting your hands on your hips when speaking to others is considered disrespectful or impolite. Indonesians often laugh to cover up shock, but they are averse to laughing at other people's mistakes and cannot imitate anyone's actions, otherwise it will hurt their feelings. Indonesians do not eat on the street or while walking as it is considered impolite, and they do not use their left hand to shake hands or touch others. In Indonesia, you have to take off your sunglasses when talking to others or entering other people's homes.

2. Meeting Etiquette

Indonesians are friendly and approachable. When they meet guests in social situations, they are generally accustomed to shaking hands as a courtesy. When meeting acquaintances or friends, the traditional etiquette is to press their right hands on their chests to say hello to each other. When making a formal introduction, pay more attention to symmetry. Most middle-class Indonesians have two names, while many lower-class people have only one. Wealthy people often have long first and last names, and use only a short name and initials. When addressing people, only use their first last name, not the second.

3. Dining etiquette

In terms of eating habits, Indonesian people take rice as their staple food, and their non-staple foods mainly include fish, shrimp, beef, etc., but they do not like to eat sea cucumbers. Muslims do not eat pork, and they also do not eat dishes with bones, juices, and fish maw.

Indonesians are used to eating Western food. Due to the influence of the local Chinese, they generally like Chinese food. Except for sometimes using a knife and fork on official occasions, people are generally accustomed to eating with their right hand. They have the habit of drinking cold water while eating. They also like to drink wine, mineral water, etc., and generally do not drink hard liquor.

When invited to a host’s home for a meal, guests should wait for the host’s invitation before starting a meal or drinking wine. They should not talk too much while eating and leave some food on the plate after the meal. As a guest, you should not make special requests for food, and do not ask for salt or other things.

4. Funeral Etiquette

The funeral etiquette of Islamic believers in Indonesia is very similar to that of Muslims in miserable countries. Other ethnic groups in Indonesia have their own unique characteristics in wedding and funeral etiquette. When Indonesian Dayak men and women are looking for a partner, they like to use charcoal to draw each other's faces to express their love. Their wedding was a grindstone. At the wedding, the two newlyweds dressed in beautiful national costumes stood on the left and right of the woman and held the "marriage net" together. At the same time, the elder presided over the pig slaughtering ceremony and sprinkled the pig's blood on the sawdust and a piece of wood. Put the sword on. In terms of funeral rituals, after the death of the Terenyan people in Bali, burials are carried out. It only applies to those who died of a normal life. Others who died of murder or suicide cannot be buried in the sky.

Among the many national festivals in Indonesia, there is one with the longest interval, namely the Balinese Eka Dasa Rudra Festival. It is held every one hundred years and the year must be a multiple of one hundred years.

5. Business etiquette

Indonesians pay special attention to giving business cards. When meeting for the first time, the guest should give his business card to the host, otherwise he will be treated coldly by the host for a long time. Business card text should be in English.

Indonesians like a calm tone of voice, a low-key posture and good intentions that seek consensus. So, be humble and lower your voice when negotiating with them. In Indonesia, don’t hurt the feelings of public servants.

When visiting an Indonesian businessman, you should bring a gift. Accepting the gift means assuming some kind of responsibility. Generally, Indonesians like fruits, cosmetics, etc. Young people appreciate university T-shirts or notebooks with university logos. Be willing to accept gifts from others, but do not open the packages in person. Indonesian businessmen like to entertain, and as guests, they should repay others with the same standards before returning home.

6. Travel Etiquette

When traveling in Indonesia, you must first go to the tourist center and ask for a tourist map. In Indonesia, like the UK, cars drive on the left. On the bus, people who are sitting should take things for those who are standing, men should give up their seats to women, and all worthy people should give up their seats to the elderly. When getting in or out of a car, do not wait for the car to come to a complete stop before getting in or out of the car, because the car is always moving. Just hail a taxi on the street. Trains are usually crowded, so book your tickets in advance. When staying in hotels, except for high-end hotels, you can bargain for room rates. For a cheaper place to stay, look for a small mixed hotel. When taking a shower in this kind of shop, don't ask for hot water. Hot water is not for bathing. In large department stores in Indonesia, the prices are fixed. In other stores, you have to bargain hard, but you have to be friendly when bargaining. In addition, be prepared with change when shopping, as there is no tradition of tipping in Indonesia.

On the streets of Indonesian cities, people can find public phones, put in 50 rupees for a call, and the call will be automatically disconnected after three minutes.

Tips for taxis are 10%. Hotels often add a 10% tip to the bill. For other services, tip 100 to 200 Rupiahs for each service.

7. Main taboos

Indonesians are taboo about passing things or food with their left hand. It is taboo for anyone to touch their children's heads, as this is considered a lack of education. Rats and turtles are taboo. When talking to Indonesians, you should avoid topics such as politics and religion. Nude sunbathing is illegal in Indonesia.

Religious Religion in Indonesia

Indonesia is a multi-religious country, and the government implements a policy of freedom of religious belief. About 87% of Indonesian citizens believe in Islam, making it the country with the largest Muslim population in the world. But according to the principle of separation of church and state, Islam is not the state religion. In the August 2002 amendment to the constitution, the proposal to include Islamic laws in the constitution was not adopted. In addition, people in Indonesia who believe in Protestant Christianity account for 6.1% of the country's population, Catholicism accounts for 3.6%, Hinduism accounts for 2%, Buddhism accounts for 1%, and the rest are primitive fetishism, etc.

President Megawati is committed to safeguarding national unity and national unity and has achieved remarkable results. Now, ethnic and religious conflicts in Indonesia have significantly eased. The conflict between Islam and Christianity in the Maluku region that began in 1998 has resulted in more than 3,000 deaths and 220,000 refugees homeless. In 2002, after many attempts by the government to mediate, the two sides signed the Maryknoll Declaration, which basically ended the religious armed conflict. After taking office, President Yudhoyono Yudhoyono also expressed his intention to eliminate religious conflicts.

Indonesia is a country where Islam is the mainstay and many religions coexist. In general shopping malls and office buildings, there are places specifically for Muslims to pray. Since Indonesia is the country with the largest number of Muslims in the world, you must pay great attention to Islamic etiquette. When Muslims meet acquaintances, in addition to greeting each other, they also recite the blessing "May God bless you", and polite words such as "please", "thank you" and "sorry" are often used. Elegance, humility and kindness are recognized virtues among Muslims. Religion plays a decisive role in Muslim life.

Devout believers must go to the mosque to kneel down five times a day. They must take off their shoes before kneeling down, and then bathe and purify themselves. Generally, a quiet and solemn atmosphere is maintained in the mosque.

Muslims are mostly hospitable. When visiting a friend's house, you should dress neatly and show respect to the elders in the family; spitting and picking your nose are taboo behaviors; when dining, you should praise the host's cooking skills; according to religious rules, you should not drink strong alcohol or eat pork. So do not give alcoholic gifts to Muslims.

Men should not reach out to female Muslims (generally those who wear veils) to shake hands.

The ninth month of Muharram is the "Ramadan" for Muslims. During Ramadan (usually from November to December), all Muslims do not eat or drink during the day, and eat after sunset. No eating or smoking is allowed 12 hours before sunset. If someone violates the rules, he will be punished.

In some parts of Indonesia, there are also taboos about feet and opponents. Before entering the mosque to worship, you must take off your shoes first. It is impolite to open doors with your feet and point at things. Avoid using your left hand when delivering and receiving items. When calling or greeting people, it is taboo to use your hands, especially your index finger, as this is considered disrespectful to people.

The Kingdom of Thailand, referred to as Thailand, was formerly known as Siam. In June 1939, it was renamed Thailand, which means "Land of Freedom". It covers an area of ??514,000 square kilometers. With a population of 56.2 million, 95% of the residents believe in Buddhism, which is the state religion. The king is the highest patron of Buddhism and follows the Buddhist calendar. The etiquette of the Thai people follows the Buddhist etiquette. There are more than 260,000 monks in the country. Every man in his 20s must be a monk for three months, and he must become a monk for at least three days before he can qualify as an adult. The royal family No exception. Thailand has more than 40,000 temples and more than 100,000 pagodas. The number of temples in Thailand is unparalleled in Southeast Asia. Thai is the national language. The capital is Bangkok. The Kingdom of Thailand currently implements a constitutional monarchy and a cabinet system. The cabinet holds administrative power and consists of 40 cabinet members. On December 22, 1978, Thailand implemented a new constitution. The National Assembly is a bicameral system. The 225 members of the Senate are nominated by the Prime Minister and the Chairman of the Senate and appointed by the King of Thailand. The 324-member House of Representatives is elected by popular vote. Thailand is a member of ASEAN. Thailand is located in Southeast Asia, with a long coastline and numerous temples. In order to increase foreign exchange earnings, the Thai government attaches great importance to tourism and has established many hotels and tourist facilities in the capital Bangkok and Pattaya to attract foreign tourists. Thailand designated 1987 as the Tourism Year, with 3.5 million tourists coming to Thailand and foreign exchange earnings of nearly 2 billion US dollars, an increase of 32% over the previous year. Tourism has become a cash cow for Thailand. Thais like red and yellow, but avoid brown. People notice the advertising, the packaging. Trademarks and clothing all use bright colors, and it is customary to use colors to represent different dates: Sunday is red, Monday is yellow, Tuesday is pink, Wednesday is green, Thursday is orange, Friday is light blue, and Saturday is purple. People often wear different colors of clothing according to different days. In the past, white was used for funerals, but now it is black. The flag of Thailand is composed of red, white and blue colors. Red represents the nation and symbolizes the strength and dedication of people of all ethnic groups. White represents religion and symbolizes religious purity. Thailand is a constitutional monarchy, the king is supreme, and blue represents the royal family. The blue center symbolizes the royal family among all peoples and the purity of religion. As the saying goes, "When entering a country, ask questions; when entering a country, do as the Romans do." Anyone who is visiting Thailand for the first time and doing business must pay attention to abide by Thai customs and etiquette, otherwise misunderstandings may easily occur. Thais believe that gods live under the threshold, so never step on the threshold of a Thai house. Historically, Thai people generally did not like to take risks and were cautious when doing business. They would rather rely on their own strength and develop by accumulating little, rather than make drastic decisions, borrow large amounts, and invest on a large scale. Because they are overly cautious and do not trust others easily, many business departments have a strong family flavor. Thai businessmen attach great importance to interpersonal relationships. In their view, instead of fighting with each other and working hard to obtain some benefits, it is better to give these benefits to those honest and humane opponents.

Generally, the palms should be put together between the forehead and the chest. Note that those with lower status or younger people should first salute the opposite party. Only monks are not restricted and do not have to return the clasped hands salute to anyone. Even if they meet the King and Queen of Thailand, they do not have to return the salute, but just nod and smile. Thais do not call each other by their last names, such as "Mr. Chen", "Mr. Li", "Ms. Zhang", but "Mr. Jianguo", "Mr. Zhangda" and "Ms. Xiulan". When visiting a Thai home, take off your shoes before entering the house. When interacting with Thai people, you can give some small souvenirs, and the gifts should be packaged in advance. Sending flowers is also appropriate. When shopping in Thai stores, except for department stores and bookstores, the price tag is just a decoration and is often two or three times higher than the actual price. You need to learn how to bargain with the shopkeeper when buying things. Thais never sign with red pen because it is customary for them to write their last name on the coffin with red pen after death. Dogs are a taboo image in Thailand. The best time for business activities is from November to March, when the climate is pleasant. The local water is not drinkable. The water in hotels and restaurants is bottled drinking water sold on the market, so there should be no problem. Customs regulations allow you to bring 200 duty-free cigarettes, 50 snowflakes, or half a pound of tobacco. The entry and exit limit is 500 Bahts in Thai currency. There is no limit on foreign currency. The amount must be reported to customs first and can be taken out when leaving customs. If you do not declare it, you may get into trouble when leaving the country. The currency of Thailand is the Thai Baht. Tip 10 for a taxi, but you don’t have to give it. There are minibuses available from Bangkok Airport to the city. Do not take a white taxi. The buses are not marked with the destination, only the number. It is difficult to take a ride before you get used to them. Restaurants and hotels add a 10% tip to the bill. Other services give 3 to 5 Baths each time.