Rizhao Specialties
Rizhao faces the Yellow Sea to the east and has a coastline of 100 kilometers. The offshore waters and shallow beaches cover an area of ??more than 300,000 acres. It is an ideal natural fish farm, as well as a good place for algae and shellfish. Natural places for natural growth and artificial breeding. Where rivers flow into the sea, fish are abundant and precious. There are 86 common species, mainly including yellow crucian carp, yellow crucian carp, yellowtail catfish, mackerel, band, pomfret, perch, flounder, white croaker, blue-scaled fish, etc. Among them, yellow crucian carp, Spanish mackerel and squid have the highest yields. The main seafood products in shallow seas and tidal flats include Shih Tzu tongue, clams, cockles, clams, razor clams, sea cucumbers, stone algae, as well as artificially cultured shrimps and seahorses that are famous at home and abroad.
[Xi Shi Tongue] The Xi Shi girl from ancient Vietnam has extraordinary beauty. The Rizhao sea area produces precious sea clams with beautiful shell shapes, flat axe-like legs and tongue-like shapes, and are as white as jade. They are known as "Xishi Tongue". The inside of the clam shell is plump, the meat is crisp and tender, and the taste is delicious, light and unique. The clam meat contains a variety of amino acids and is very nutritious. It has the effects of moistening the lungs, replenishing essence and replenishing yin, which is unmatched by other shellfish.
The Xishi tongue shell is large, thin and crisp, and looks like a fan. The shell surface is smooth and clean, the pattern is delicate, and the color varies with the size of the individual. If the shell length is less than 7 cm, it will be purple or purple-brown; if the shell length is 7-9 cm, most of the shell surface will be purple, and the ventral edge will be light yellow; if the shell length is more than 10 cm, the top of the shell will be purple, and the rest will be white or light brown. The inner surface of the shell is lavender or white.
The Xishi Tongue from Rizhao Coast is famous for its large body, thin shell, gorgeous appearance, crispy and tender meat, and sweet taste. According to tests conducted by the Rizhao Fishing Technology Station in 1984, the largest Xishi tongue weighed 100.9 grams fresh, with a shell height of 8 centimeters and a shell length of 8.5 centimeters. At the 1959 National Meeting of Heroes, labor model Chai Liqing presented a living Xi Tzu tongue to Chairman Mao and Premier Zhou on behalf of the people of Rizhao. Xishi tongue is mostly collected in winter. There are two folk methods: one is to "identify the door" according to its cave dwelling characteristics; the other is to press it with stone pillars. This phenomenon has occurred many times in history: when the weather is extremely cold in winter and the tide is low, Xishi tongue is driven by the wind and piles on the beach, where people can easily get it.
Xishi tongue mainly lives in the subtidal zone to the slightly deeper sandy seafloor; it has strong adaptability and is not strict with salinity and temperature requirements; it can ingest single-cell algae and organic debris in seawater For staple food. According to the 1980 intertidal fishery resources survey, the annual output in Rizhao waters is 17.5 tons.
In 1977, the Fisheries Research Institute began artificial breeding of Xi Shi Tongue Large seedlings, which was successful the following year. The Shih Tzu tongue seedlings bred for the first time were kept indoors for a year. Since 1991, the intertidal tidal flats have been developed for aquaculture along the coast of Rizhao, and Xishi Tongue resources have recovered rapidly.
[Clam] Clams are top-grade clams and are known as “the freshest in the world”. They are one of the four new famous products famous both at home and abroad in recent years.
The dorsal edge of the clam shell is triangular, the ventral edge is round, and the two shells are equal in size. The surface of the shell is swollen and smooth, with a yellow-brown smooth, lacquer-like shell skin. Small individuals have rich and varied shell patterns; large individuals have more constant patterns. Clams generally live in intertidal zones along the coast near river mouths, as well as in fine sand or beaches in shallow sea areas.
Clam meat is delicate and delicious, with a protein content of 13.19%. In addition to cooked food, it can also be dried or canned. The medicinal value of clams is also high. Ancient medicine believed that eating clams can cure malignant sores. Modern medicine believes that extracts from clam soft bodies and digestive cysts have an inhibitory effect on cancer cells. Clams are also one of the important shellfish exports to earn foreign exchange.
Rizhao is rich in clam resources along the coast, with nearly 20,000 acres of intertidal tidal flats suitable for clam breeding. Since 1993, the area of ??polyculture of shrimp and clam ponds has been expanding year by year. The current scale reaches about 5,000 acres, with an annual output of nearly 1,000 tons of clams.
[Mullet Eggs] Mullet eggs are a unique marine treasure in Rizhao. They have a long history and are famous at home and abroad. According to legend, they were a delicacy in the imperial meals of feudal emperors. Mullet eggs are processed from the spawning glands of golden squid, a specialty of Rizhao. They are milky white in color and shaped like eggs. With the hands of chefs, they can be processed into high-end food shaped like petals and as thin as paper. According to the "Rizhao County Chronicle" written on the 54th day of the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, "the squid has eggs in its mouth, which are one of the eight treasures in the sea." Until the end of the Qing Dynasty, squid eggs had been listed as tribute.
The reason why mullet eggs are valuable is that they are rich in nutrients and delicious. They have the effect of removing cold when eaten in winter and relieving heat when eaten in summer. They are also rich in various trace elements necessary for the human body.
At the 1964 National Agricultural Exhibition, Rizhao Mullet Eggs were a famous exhibit; at the 1984 National Exhibition and Sales Fair, it was rated as a famous product; in 1992, it won the silver medal at the first National Agricultural Exposition; in 1994 Was awarded the gold medal at the Avignon International Exposition in France.
[Lanshantou Shopee] Shopee, the scientific name is hairy shrimp. They are distributed along the coast of Rizhao, mostly along the coasts of Lanshan and Hushan. Because Lanshantou was a flood and drought wharf and commercial port in history, most seafood was transported from here, so it got its name. Along the coast of Rizhao, there are two times a year when the shop skin is booming. For the first time, in May-June, the shrimp skin is larger, about 2 centimeters, and the fishermen call it "Erweigh Hook". The second time around September, the shrimps were smaller, generally about one centimeter long, and fishermen called them "red velvet". Catching shrimp mainly relies on hand-pushed nets, commonly known as "pushing shrimp skin". A skilled hand can push the net in deep water by stepping on wooden stilts. Shoupee has a history of hundreds of years in Rizhao, with Antonwei and Panjiacun being the earliest.
[Flat rice] Rizhao’s flat rice (also known as golden hook shrimp rice) is flat in shape, yellow in color and sweet in taste. It is the top grade of shrimp and one of the treasures of Rizhao Sea. From 1957 to 1960, Qingdao Foreign Trade Company came to Rizhao specifically to organize the processing of flat rice for export. Flat rice is made from Rizhao seafood wool shrimp. The wool shrimp has thin skin and flat flesh, so it is called "flat rice". Because the flat rice is yellow in color and curved like a hook, it is also named "Golden Hook Shrimp Rice".
Flat rice is rich in nutrients and delicious. It is a common seafood in families and banquets. It also has medicinal value. According to reports, it contains 20% more protein and 40% more vitamins than lean meat and river shrimp, and is rich in vitamin E and iodine. According to the medical book "Compendium of Materia Medica", eating sea shrimp has the effect of tonifying the kidneys and strengthening yang. , fresh shrimp chopped sauce, mixed with rice wine, has the function of releasing breast milk.
The woolly shrimp is perennial and is distributed along the coast of Rizhao, with more species in the sea area around Hushan. Every year at the end of May, they come to the coast of Rizhao to lay eggs and reproduce their offspring, with the peak season from June to July. According to measurements in Rizhao County in 1983, sea shrimps are generally 5-9 centimeters in length, and their groups are composed of three generations. The main fishing gears are jar nets and bottom trawl nets.
[Rizhao Green Tea] Rizhao City has successfully "moved tea from the south to the north" in 1966. The existing tea garden area is 120,000 acres, with an annual tea output of 1,500 tons, accounting for more than 50% of Shandong Province, and is the largest in Shandong Province. It is a green tea production base with output ranking first in the province year after year, and is known as "the first tea in the north". Among them, 1,000 acres of organic tea in Jufeng Town, Donggang District, has passed the EU International Organic Food Development Center certification and obtained a "passport" for the EU market. In recent years, three "China·Rizhao Tea Expo" have been held consecutively.
Rizhao City is located in the southeast of Shandong Province, facing the Yellow Sea to the east. It has a warm temperate humid monsoon climate with sufficient sunlight and abundant rainfall. The soil in the mountains and hills within the territory is slightly acidic, yellow-brown loam, and rich in organic matter and trace elements. Due to its high latitude, the green tea produced here has been measured by the Tea Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. The content of catechins and amino acids are 13.7% and 5.3% higher than similar products in southern tea. It has "thick leaves, good taste" It has the characteristics of strong, high aroma and resistance to brewing.
It is unclear when tea cultivation began in Rizhao City. It is said that there is an ancient tea tree on the top of a river 10 kilometers north of the city. Because it grows on a cliff, it is too high to reach. No one dares to climb the peak to pick it. They can only pick up its fallen leaves, or throw stones to hit the leaves, and occasionally get a few. Only tablets are left. Drinking it with boiled water can not only improve eyesight and refresh your mind, but also cure abdominal pain. It has miraculous effects.
The People's Government of Donggang District, Rizhao City and the Tea Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences signed an agreement to cooperate in establishing a northern tea production base. The two parties have established a long-term technical cooperation relationship and have invited experts from the China Tea Research Institute on many occasions. , professors came to Donggang District to guide tea production, and regularly held tea technology training courses. The two parties cooperated to build the only thousand-acre tea demonstration garden in Jiangbei, and introduced more than 10 national-level clones from the south, such as Longjing 43 and Fuding Dabai tea. Improved varieties, tea technicians have successively overcome more than ten technical difficulties in high-quality and high-yield tea gardens, completed scientific research projects such as efficient facility cultivation, and promoted new technologies such as cutting breeding, formula fertilization, and rational pruning, so that the tea garden area has not only expanded rapidly in scale , and has made significant improvements in the quality optimization of tea varieties.
Establishing a tea processing leader is an objective need to realize the development of tea industrialization. In recent years, a number of tea processing plants have been established one after another. As a famous trademark in Shandong Province and a famous green tea brand in Rizhao City, Rizhao "Xueqing" took the lead in establishing a company and establishing a tea base.
Rizhao Green Tea Company invested 2.8 million yuan to build a Rizhao Green Tea Processing Factory with an annual output of 100,000 kilograms of tea. Yanzhou Mining Group cooperated with Jufeng Town, a big tea town, to build Rizhao Fengchun Tea Factory. Rizhao Green Tea Company is a joint venture with Rizhao Fada Industrial Company, investing more than 13 million yuan to build a large-scale tea processing plant with an annual processing capacity of 200,000 kilograms - Rizhao Tea Trading Co., Ltd. Tea Factory in accordance with international standards for green tea exports.
The rise of leading tea processing enterprises with well-known brands has also promoted the improvement of tea processing quality. Up to now, dozens of teas in the city have won the title of municipal, provincial and national high-quality tea, and more than a dozen types Tea has won provincial, ministerial and international gold medals. Among them, "Xueqing" has been designated as a famous trademark in Shandong Province, and others include "Heshanqing" brand, "Fulaiqing" brand, "Fengchun" brand and so on. Among them, the "Heshanqing" brand green tea produced by Rizhao Green Tea Company won the gold medal at the 29th Brussels International Expo, the silver medal at the 2nd China Agricultural Expo, and was recognized as a national famous brand product by the 3rd China Agricultural Expo. , as famous as Biluochun, a famous historical tea!
In recent years, Rizhao City has adopted advanced science and technology, adopted anti-season tea cultivation methods in winter, and built winter-warm plastic greenhouses to produce tea. The green tea produced in the greenhouses is launched before the Spring Festival every year, which greatly improves the production of tea. The popularity of Rizhao tea has increased. Rizhao City has accumulated a lot of successful experience in tea tree cultivation, management, scientific research, experiments, demonstrations, etc. Especially in the pollution-free cultivation of tea trees, measures such as agricultural prevention and control, physical control and biological pest control are adopted to eliminate the use of pesticides and focus on organic Fertilizer, 50,000 acres of tea gardens in the district have developed into ecological tea gardens, and the green tea produced has obtained green food certification.
[Lanqin] The celery grown in Lanshantou is referred to as "Lanqin" and has been cultivated for more than a hundred years.
In 1875, Lin Xianghua, a vegetable grower in Touer Village, Lanshan, introduced a celery variety with small leaves and yellow petioles from Rizhao City and cultivated it in the garden. In 1919, Liu Wenyuan, a vegetable farmer of the Lin family and his son, purified and rejuvenated new varieties, and expanded the planting area from 6 acres to 3 acres. After long-term cultivation and selection, coupled with the extremely suitable local climate, water and soil and other natural conditions, it has become a local product with a unique flavor. It is called "Lanqin" in other places and has been a best-seller. Later, the planting scope expanded to the Andongwei area. Lanqin, plant height is generally 70 cm, petiole diameter 1.2 cm. The fresh weight of a single plant is about 150 grams. The leaves are small, the petiole is solid, the fiber is very little, and the texture is good.
Lanqin has become a delicacy in daily life. Whether stir-fried or cold, it is extremely fragrant, crisp and delicious, which is unmatched by celery from other places.
Lanqin enjoys a certain reputation and has been exported to Linyi, Qingdao, Jinan, Jiangsu, Shanghai and other places in the province for a long time.
[Beijing winter vegetables] Beijing winter vegetables is a famous specialty of our city and has a long history. It has been exported to Shanghai and overseas, Southeast Asia and other places. As early as the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty, Taoluo "Yuyuan" began to be produced. Ding Dechen, the owner of "Yuyuan", invited a man named Shan Xueyu from Teng County as his teacher. The winter vegetables produced in the early days were not famous. In the first year of Xuantong of the Qing Dynasty (1908), they accepted brothers Ding Weidi and Ding Weiguo as their apprentices. The Ding brothers worked hard on cutting vegetables and developed good knife skills, such as Zhang Fei's "Pian" horse (cutting style) , the real skills of various knife techniques such as the hungry tiger pounces on food (taking the dish), the knife never leaves the hand, and the hand never leaves the dish (knife style). The dishes are cut quickly, thinly and evenly, and the quality of the vegetable base is greatly improved compared to before. Since then, the production of winter vegetables has gradually reached a large scale. At that time, "Yuyuan" employed more than 30 people for cutting and drying Chinese cabbage, and there were more than 50 people during the busy season. The annual output of winter vegetables was more than 15,000 to 17,000 jin. . The finished product is shipped to Shanghai and sold in about 500 jars (162 jin per jar). Because the winter vegetables produced have thin and uniform strips, golden color, pleasant fragrance, delicious taste, and unique shape, color and taste, they are well-known in Shanghai and are called Jingdong vegetables (Jing-generally refers to northern famous brand products). Every year during March and April of the lunar calendar, goods arrive in Shanghai and people rush to buy them. The Beijing winter vegetables produced by "Yuyuan" sell for an extra twenty taels of silver per load (one hundred catties), and the supply exceeds demand. From then on, Beijing winter vegetables became famous. It is said that he won a gold medal at an exhibition held in Qingdao in 1936.
Chinese cabbage, the main raw material for Beijing winter vegetables, is mostly grown in the Liu family’s vegetable garden. In the vegetable garden, there is the only sweet water well around Taoluo. Therefore, there is also a special sweet water well in the northwest corner of Taoluo’s fence. After visiting a "water gate", Quan Taoluo went to Liu's vegetable garden to fetch water for food. Yuyuan Company set up a vegetable farm in Liu's vegetable garden, specializing in planting, harvesting, cutting and drying Chinese cabbage, occupying more than 30 acres (old acres) of land.
Every mid-winter season, more than one million kilograms of fresh Chinese cabbage is produced and purchased in piles like mountains. The water beets here are also sweet, making winter vegetables uniquely flavorful.