Analysis of Long and Difficult Sentence Patterns in College English Band 4 Reading Test Questions

Introduction: Now I will bring you an analysis of long and difficult sentence patterns in College English Band 4 Reading Test Paper. Thank you for your help. Happy reading.

A long and difficult sentence one

Although some of the more ambitious programs require new investments in servers and networks to support collaborative software, most distance learning courses can run on existing or minimally upgraded (upgrade) systems. (07.12 Passage 1)

Analysis backbone: courses can run (on...)

Although guides the adverbial clause of concession. investment in... means "investment in...". The infinitive to support... is the complement of the object investment, ?The project requires investment to support related software? (Because) the logical subject of support is not programs but investment, so the infinitive should be a complement, not an adverbial adverbial of purpose). Translation: While some larger courses require the investment of new servers and expanded networks to support supporting software, most distance education courses can run on existing or slightly upgraded systems.

Long and difficult sentence two

While many good and useful claims are being made, it is clear there is a long way to go in ensuring shoppers are adequately informed about the environmental impact of the products they buy. (05.6 Passage 2)

The main analysis: it is clear that...

The "While" at the beginning of the sentence introduces the concession adverbial clause, ?Although?... .. In it is clear..., it is the formal subject, and the clause where the connective that is omitted is the real subject of the sentence. in ensuring... is the adverbial component of there be sentence pattern, "in ensuring...". Ensure is followed by an object clause in which that is omitted.

Translation: While there are many good and useful claims out there, it is clear that it will take a long time to ensure that buyers are fully aware of the environmental impact of the products they purchase.

Long and difficult sentence three

They only come in when a friend drops dead on the golf course and they think, "Geez, if it could happen to him,..."( 08.12 Passage 1)

Backbone: They only come in

1.when introduces a time adverbial clause, and introduces two parallel clauses: a friend drops dead...and they think .... What is in quotation marks is a direct quotation and serves as the object of think.

2. One of the difficulties in understanding this sentence is whether they think is juxtaposed with they come in or with a friend drops dead. From the perspective of language form, both understandings are possible; but from the perspective of semantic logic, it should be "They only come when they think of...", and it is more reasonable to classify they think as an adverbial clause of time.

Translation: Only when a friend died suddenly on the golf course did they see a doctor. They will think: ?Oh, if such a thing can happen to him,...?

　　　　四

　Sometimes, when I was pushed into an argument on left brain versus (relative to) right brain, or nature versus nurture (nurturing), I would instantly fight fiercely on my behalf and all womankind. (07.6 Passage 1)

Analysis backbone: I would fight...

When guides the adverbial clause of time. The difficulty in understanding this sentence is not the grammatical structure, but the content expressed in the language itself. was pushed into... indicates that the author is not actively participating in this type of debate. an argument on...?An argument on...?. on my behalf? represent myself, for myself. ?

Translation: Sometimes, when I argue with others about left-brain versus right-brain issues, or nature versus nurture, I will immediately stand in my shoes and those of all my fellow women. He gave Haruka a harsh rebuttal from his position.

　　　　　五

　As the words begin to flow, the ideas will come out from the shadows and let themselves be captured on your notepad or your screen. (07.6 Passage 2)

The main part of the analysis: the ideas will come out and let themselves be captured...

The as at the beginning of the sentence introduces the time adverbial clause. The main clause part is a compound predicate, with two coordinating predicates connected by and.

Translation: As the words begin to flow, the thoughts will gradually become clear and present themselves on your notebook or screen.

Long Difficult Sentence Six

While she awaits the outcome, the government has granted her permission to work here and she has returned to her job at Ben & Jerry's. (06.6 Passage 2)

The main analysis: the government has granted her permission and she has returned to...

While guides the adverbial clause of time. The main clause of this sentence is a parallel sentence composed of two clauses connected by and. Both clauses use the present perfect tense. Compared with the simple present tense of the adverbial clause, it shows that the two actions in the main clause are in Completed during await. Grant is followed by a double object, the indirect object is her, and the direct object is permission.

Translation: While she awaits the results, the government has granted her permission to work in the United States, and she has returned to her job at the Ben & Jerry's ice cream chain.

Long difficult sentence seven

Because I know very little about farm animals who use tools or angels who go to first grade, I had to accept the fact that I was co-opting ( Borrowed) my daughter?s experience. (07.12 Passage 2)

Analysis main body: I ??had to accept the fact...

Because is an adverbial clause that guides the reason. This clause uses the know little about... structure, and about has two objects. The clauses introduced by that are farm animals and angels, connected by or in the middle, and the two nouns are modified by attributive clauses. The fact part of the main clause is an appositive clause introduced by that.

Translation: Since I know nothing about tool-using livestock or first-grade angels, I have to admit the fact that I am borrowing from my daughter’s experience.

　The I SO labeling standards ban vague or misleading claims on product packaging, because terms such as ?environmentally friendly?and ?non-polluting?cannot be verified. (05.6 Passage 2)

The main part of the analysis: The standards ban claims. This sentence contains only one adverbial clause of reason and is relatively simple in structure. It is worth noting that most of the noun phrases in the sentence contain modifying elements, such as: The ISO labeling standards, claims on product packaging, terms such as....

Translation: ISO labeling standards prohibit vague or misleading product descriptions on the packaging of goods, because we cannot prove words like "environmental protection", "no pollution", etc.

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　While the kinds of instruction offered in these programs will differ, distance learning usually signifies a course in which the instructors post syllabi (course outline), reading assignments, and schedules on Websites, and students send in their assignments by e-mail. (07.12 Passage 1)

Analysis of the main part: distance learning signifies a course

1. While guide adverbial at the beginning of the sentence The clause means concession or contrast.

2.in which introduces the attributive clause to modify a course. The clause itself is a parallel structure composed of two clauses connected by and. The two clauses talk about the situation of teachers and students respectively.

In the post... on Websites structure, post contains 3 objects.

Translation: Although the teaching formats provided by online courses will vary, distance learning usually takes the form of a course in which teachers publish the course syllabus, reading assignments and course progress on the website, and students Submit assignments via email.

Long and difficult sentence ten

While you need to employ both to get to a finished result, they cannot work in parallel no matter how much we might like to think so. (07.6 Passage 2)

The main analysis: they cannot work...

While guides the adverbial clause of concession, ?Although...?. "employ" in the clause means "adopt", and the infinitive "to get..." is used as the adverbial of purpose. work in parallel? work in parallel?. no matter how also introduces the adverbial clause of concession, expressing "no matter how...".

Translation? Although both kinds of thinking are indispensable to complete the final draft, they cannot participate in the writing process in parallel--no matter how much we think so.

Long Difficult Sentence 11

Even people who have a physical disease or handicap (defect) may be "well," in this new sense, if they make an effort to maintain the best possible health they can in the face of their physical limitations. (06.12 Passage 2)

Analysis backbone: people may be "well"

The subject people of the main clause has a who guide The attributive clause modifies. if guides the conditional adverbial clause, and "they can" in the clause is an omitted form of attributive clause (equivalent to "they can maintain"), modifying health.

Translation: In this new sense, even people with physical diseases or defects are "healthy" if they strive to achieve the best possible health in the face of their physical defects. .

Long and difficult sentence twelve

Even people who have a physical disease or handicap (defect) may be "well," in this new sense, if they make an effort to maintain the best possible health they can in the face of their physical limitations. (06.12 Passage 2)

Analysis backbone: people may be "well"

The subject people of the main clause has a who guide The attributive clause modifies. if guides the conditional adverbial clause, and "they can" in the clause is an omitted form of attributive clause (equivalent to "they can maintain"), modifying health.

Translation: In this new sense, even people with physical diseases or defects are "healthy" if they strive to achieve the best possible health in the face of their physical defects. .

Thirteen Long Difficult Sentences

Most likely, you will believe that this will take more time than you actually have and you will end up staring blankly at the page as the deadline draws near . (07.6 Passage 2)

The main part of the analysis: you will believe that... and you will end up staring...

The main clause of this sentence is and, which connects the two clauses. Compound sentences formed. In the previous clause, the clause introduced by that serves as the object of believe, and the object clause contains a comparative adverbial clause introduced by than. In the latter clause, the predicate part is an end up doing structure, and starring... is used as the subject complement.

Translation: You may very well think that processing and organizing materials in this way will make you run out of time. The result is that in the end, as the delivery date gradually approaches, you will just stare at the manuscript in a daze.

　Organized by the New York-based nonprofit Earth Pledge, the show inspired many top designers to work with sustainable fabrics for the first time. (09.6 Passage 1 )

The main part of the analysis: the show inspired designers

This sentence is a simple sentence. The past participle phrase Organized by... is used as an adverbial in the sentence to supplement the background information of the subject. The predicate part uses the structure inspire sb. to do, and the infinitive phrase to work with... is the object complement.

Translation: The fashion show, hosted by Earth Pledge, a New York-based non-profit organization, inspired many top designers to design fashion for the first time using fabrics that do not destroy the ecological balance.

Long difficult sentence fifteen

This week Wal-Mart is set to announce a major initiative aimed at helping cotton farmers go organic: it will buy transitional (transitional) cotton at higher prices, thus helping to expand the supply of a key sustainable material. (09.6 Passage 1)

Analysis backbone: Wal-Mart is set to announce a (major) initiative: it will buy (transitional)cotton ...

1. The content after the colon in this sentence is a detailed elaboration of the previous initiative, which is equivalent to an appositive clause.

2. In the clause before the colon, the predicate verb uses the be set to do structure, and the past participle phrase aimed to... is the postpositioned attributive of initiatives, which is equivalent to an attributive clause.

3. In the clause after the colon, the structure is simple, in which helping to... is a present participle phrase, used as the adverbial of the predicate verb buy, expressing the purpose.

Translation: This week Walmart is preparing to launch a major initiative to help farmers grow organic cotton: Walmart will purchase transitional cotton at a higher price to help expand an important organic raw material supply. ( 07.12 Passage 2)

Analysis of the main body: I ??offered suggestions (for...)

Telling at the beginning of the sentence is the present participle, used as an adverbial, indicating accompanying actions: it brings an object Clause, the predicative writer of the clause is followed by a present participle guiding as an attributive.... The preposition for in the main clause has three nouns as objects, and is used together with suggestion to express "suggestion for...".

Translation: I told myself that I was just an experienced writer mentoring a young writer around me. I made suggestions for the Yao conflicts and endings in her stories.

Long and difficult sentence seventeen

Some expected emailers to be the biggest liars, reasoning that because deception makes people uncomfortable, the detachment (non-direct contact) of emailing would make it easier to lie. (06.6 Passage 1)

The main part of the analysis: Some expected emailers to be the biggest liars...

The infinitive to be the biggest liars serves as the complement of the object emailers in the sentence. . The present participle reasoning is used as an accompanying adverbial in the sentence. The introductory clause that serves as the object of reasoning. The object clause in turn contains an adverbial clause of reason, introduced by because.

Translation: Some psychologists thought that people were most likely to lie in e-mail. The reason was that deception makes people feel uncomfortable, so the indirect medium of e-mail can make people lie more easily. Easy to say.

　Consumers are being confused and misled by the hodge-podge ( mashup ) of environmental claims made by household products, according to a ?green labeling? study published by Consumers International Friday. (05.6 Passage 2)

The main analysis: Consumers are being confused and misled by...

This sentence uses the passive voice of the present continuous tense, including two The predicate verbs confused and misled. The past participle phrases made by... and published by... modify the preceding nouns claims and study respectively.

Translation: Consumers are being misled and confused by the wide variety of environmental claims made on various household products, according to a study on the wild green label released Friday by Consumers International.

　I have also witnessed a player reacting to his opponent's intentional and illegal blocking by deliberately hitting him with the ball as hard as he could during the course of play. (05.6 Passage 1)

The main part of the analysis: I have (also) witnessed a player reacting

reacting is the present participle in the sentence and serves as the complement of the object a player; by ... hitting... is the manner adverbial of reacting, and hitting is the object of the preposition by. as hard as he could is a comparative structure, which means "try your best".

Translation: Another time I saw a player deliberately use enough force to hit the ball at the opponent because of an intentional foul block by the opponent during the game.

Long and difficult sentence twenty

Or perhaps someone will casually glance through your credit card purchases or cell phone bills to find out your shopping preferences or calling habits. (08.6 Passage 2) < /p>

The main analysis: someone will glance...

This sentence is a simple sentence, the predicate verb glance is followed by the prepositional phrase through purchases or bills. The infinitive phrase to find out... is used as an adverbial in a sentence to express the result of an unintentional glance.

Translation: Someone may randomly look through your credit card shopping list or mobile phone bill to understand your shopping preferences or calling habits. ;