The loan "three checks" system refers to pre-loan investigation, in-loan review and post-loan inspection. Through the implementation of "three checks" on loans, it is conducive to ensuring the safety of bank credit funds.

Among them, the pre-loan survey means that in order to prepare loans for enterprises, banks need to investigate and study the production, supply and marketing, production and operation, turnover and capital occupation of enterprises that have business dealings with banks, and banks also need to investigate and predict market demand. Pre-loan investigation can promote the correct decision-making of loans and ensure the reasonable investment of credit funds.

Loan review refers to the bank's investigation and study, fully grasping the enterprise and market situation, reviewing whether the loan is reasonable according to the enterprise's loan plan, and deciding whether to lend; Determine the loan term according to the turnover period of the capital plan; According to the level of sales capital rate and the requirements of the state for accelerating enterprises, more loans and less loans are determined.

Post-loan inspection refers to the bank's inspection and evaluation of the use of funds, loan repayment and loan economic benefits after the borrower obtains the loan. We can find the problems in the process of loan in time, correct them quickly, sum up the experience and lessons, and prepare for the next loan work of the bank. It is the continuation and supplement of the investigation and review. The three checks on loans are interrelated, mutually restricted and mutually promoted.

Loan refers to a form of credit activity in which banks or other financial institutions lend monetary funds at a certain interest rate and must return them. The simple and popular understanding is to borrow money with interest. Banks put concentrated money and monetary funds out through loans, which can meet the needs of social expansion and reproduction and promote economic development; At the same time, banks can also obtain loan interest income and increase their own accumulation.

The "three principles" refer to safety, liquidity and efficiency, and are the fundamental principles of commercial banks' loan operation. Article 4 of People's Republic of China (PRC) Commercial Bank Law stipulates: "Commercial banks should operate independently, bear their own risks, be responsible for their own profits and losses, and manage themselves by themselves in accordance with the principles of safety, liquidity and efficiency."

1. Loan security is the primary problem faced by commercial banks;

2. Liquidity refers to the ability to recover the loan according to the predetermined period or realize it quickly without loss of land, so as to meet the needs of customers to withdraw deposits at any time;

3. Efficiency is the basis of sustainable operation of banks. For example, if a long-term loan is issued, the interest rate will be higher than that of a short-term loan, and the benefit will be good. However, if the loan term is long, the risk will increase, the security will decrease and the liquidity will weaken. Therefore, the "three natures" should be harmonious, so that there can be no problem with the loan.

If the loan is risky, the "three investigations" can be used as an important basis for the relevant responsible personnel to be held accountable or exempted.

What factors do banks usually look at when reviewing personal loan applications?

General banks will review the lender's personal family situation, personal credit information, income level, debt situation and the number of housing loans under his name when approving.

1. Personal family situation

Personal information, including the applicant's personal information, family information and age, needs to be verified by the bank. The age of the lender will affect the loan term and loan amount to a certain extent.

2. Personal credit information

Personal credit records are very important when banks approve loans. For example, daily telephone bills, utilities, overdue credit card payments, etc. It will leave a stain on your personal credit record. When the bank examines your personal credit information, if your personal credit information is poor, it can directly lead to loan refusal.

3. Income level

Your income level is reflected in the income certificate and bank running water, and your income directly determines whether you can get enough loans. The loan amount, loan term and monthly payment are interrelated and influence each other. If your income is insufficient and you can't pay the monthly payment, the bank won't approve the loan.

2. Under what circumstances will the loan application be rejected?

People who apply for loans with false information, have the nature of fraudulent loans, and have very poor personal credit information will be refused loans. The age of the lender may also affect the application for commercial loans. Because the lender is too old, banks generally do not accept loan applications.

1. Bad personal credit record

In principle, banks can refuse to lend if there are six overdue records for three consecutive times in two years. Overdue records include credit card repayment, mortgage repayment and car loan repayment. Overdue records will appear on your credit record.

2. People who provide false information

When applying for a commercial loan, if the applicant submits false information, the bank will refuse the loan once the information is found to be untrue. No matter how good your personal credit record is, it can't be saved.

3. It has the nature of fraudulent loans.

Fraudulent loan refers to the inflated loan amount when applying for a loan, which will increase the loan risk of bank lending institutions and will be regarded as fraudulent loan. For example, 3 million houses, brother loans, 3.3 million prices, fictitious transactions, loans. There are also unrelated relationships, fictitious transactions, which increase the loan risk of banks and other lending institutions, and are also considered as fraudulent loans.

4. The lender is older.

Usually, the bank stipulates that the applicant is 18-65 years old, among which 25-40 years old is the welcome crowd of the bank, followed by 18-25 years old and 40-50 years old and 50-65 years old. Housing loan applications are generally not approved. Because the older the lender, the greater the chance of health problems, which will affect the repayment of loans, so banks have to bear higher risks.

What is the focus of loan review?

When inquiring about the credit information of borrowers, general lending institutions will inquire about the credit information records of users in the past two years, mainly checking the following contents:

1. Personal information: The personal information of the user will be recorded in the credit report, including name, age, address, telephone number, education background, work unit and other information, and then compared according to the personal information submitted by the user to see if the information is consistent for review. Therefore, users must not cheat when applying for loans. After all, your personal information will be recorded in detail in the credit report. Once false information is provided, the loan will fail.

2. Number of credit inquiries: Every time a user is inquired about credit, there will be a record. If the number of credit inquiries is more and the time for applying for loans is shorter, then it means that he has applied for more loans, and his economic situation is not very healthy, which may affect the application results of his own loans.

3. Liabilities: Lending institutions will check the current loan situation of users, including lending institutions, loan amount, remaining unpaid amount, etc. If users are currently repaying more loans, it means that they have more debts. Once they have more debts, the chances of applying for new loans will be very small.

4. Overdue situation: The lending institution will check whether the user has overdue repayment. Generally, the accumulated overdue debts cannot exceed two times in two years, and these two times cannot be close to the present time. It is best not to be overdue within half a year, otherwise the user's loan will basically not be approved.

5. Open information records: Lending institutions will check the social security payment and various living payment of users, so as to understand the current living conditions of users, and will also make a rough calculation of users' income, so as to conduct loan review.

General bank loans will be completed within one week after the loan is approved. If it is a mortgage, it depends on whether the current bank lending funds are tight. If funds are tight, it may take 1 month or even longer to lend money. With sufficient funds, the loan can be completed in a week or two.

In addition, the lending time of different loan products is not necessarily, such as credit loan business, which can be completed on the same day at the earliest.

What should be examined when lending?

The contents to be reviewed for long-term loans include: reviewing loan records, vouchers, bank loans, bills and related documents; Review records and check repayment date and loan contract; 3. Review the date, interest rate and repayment period of various loans to determine the completeness and correctness of long-term loan records.

legal ground

Article 2 of the Provisions on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Law in the Trial of Private Lending Cases

When the lender brings a private lending lawsuit to the people's court, it shall provide the creditor's rights certificates that can prove the existence of the legal relationship between lending and borrowing, such as IOUs, receipts and IOUs.

If the creditor's rights certificate such as IOUs, receipts and IOUs held by the parties does not specify the creditor, and the party holding the creditor's rights certificate brings a private lending lawsuit, the people's court shall accept it. The defendant raised a factual defense against the plaintiff's creditor qualification, and the people's court ruled that the plaintiff did not have the creditor qualification after examination, and rejected it.

What does the loan review generally review? These are the most important things!

Now, whether you go to the bank for a loan or borrow money through mobile phone software, you need to review it. Review time varies from a few minutes to a few days. In addition to the borrower's personal identity information, the credit report is an important object of review. So what is the specific content of the review? Let's get to know each other.

Loan records for one or two years

The credit report will have the borrower's detailed personal data and loan records, and banks and financial institutions will focus on six aspects. First, the lending institutions, second, the total amount of loans, third, the types of loans, fourth, how many loans are still outstanding, fifth, the amount of loans to be repaid every month, and sixth, the situation in loans overdue.

As can be seen from the above, the borrower's debt ratio and repayment pressure are not great, so it can be judged whether the borrower has enough repayment ability to avoid the subsequent loan being unable to repay due to excessive pressure.

Second, credit card records.

Information such as application, installment, overdue and rejection can be reflected in the credit report. Banks mainly look at the current number of credit cards, the total overdraft of credit cards and the overdue situation of credit cards.

I suggest you don't apply for too many credit cards, 2-5 or so are more suitable. Too many cards will inevitably lead to the suspicion of cashing out the cards, so it is more difficult to apply for other businesses.

Third, personal data.

Bank financial institutions will compare personal information such as name, education background, date of birth, age, home address, contact information, marital status, work unit, telephone number, education background and spouse information with the loan application form to see if there is anything false or forged.

In short, the loan review will not only compare your personal data, but also analyze your assets and liabilities to see if you meet the conditions for loan and card application. If you don't meet them, you will refuse them directly.