This situation described in your question often happens for two reasons:
One is to defraud the phone and try to get your key personal information for profit;
Second, others have stolen your ID card for credit card consumption (there has been a history of losing your ID card before).
In this case, you don't need to panic. You can directly call China Merchants Bank's 24-hour customer service telephone number -400-820-5555, transfer the manual service, tell your credit card number, and ask the customer service whether there is a credit card or not. If it is the latter, you can call the police to solve it.
However, most cases are the first one, and you can ignore it, let alone disclose your important personal information easily.