Credit card crisis, digital currency crisis.

1. Credit card crisis. In the early 1980s, a large number of credit card issuers emerged in the U.S. credit card market, creating a situation of excessive competition for bank credit. In the end, due to improper management by credit card issuers, credit card non-performing loans gradually became prominent, leading to the collapse of many credit card issuers.

2. Digital currency crisis. Due to the decentralized nature of digital currency, there is often a lack of supervision and regulation, and it can easily be used for illegal activities such as money laundering and terrorist financing, thereby causing financial stability risks.