if it's not a unionpay route, such as swiping VISA or MasterCard abroad, although the handling fee is charged from the bank, in fact, this fee is still borne by the swiper.
among the bills paid for overseas credit card spending, the credit card fee is mostly between 3% and 4%, of which 1% to 1.5% is the international transaction fee charged by international card organizations to the issuing banks, while the other 1% to 2% is the handling fee or exchange fee charged by banks, among which the overseas credit card handling fee of most banks is 1.5%, such as CCB, BOC, China Merchants Bank, Xingye and Guangfa.