“Nowadays, children have more and more pocket money and new year’s money, but their ability to master and control money is still very limited.” At present, parents focus on IQ and EQ education. Nowadays, "Financial Quotient (FQ)" rarely enters the field of vision of parents.

What is financial intelligence? Financial intelligence refers to a person's ability to understand, create and manage (money) wealth. Financial education is to enable people to establish a correct outlook on money, wealth and values ??through the learning of money (wealth) knowledge and the experience of related practical activities.

Hu Yanling, a financial education expert, suggested that financial education should start from childhood, and parents should provide appropriate financial education based on the psychological characteristics of their children.

64% of the parents who responded to the 200 questionnaires agreed with financial education

“Mom, I want to buy this remote control plane!” The mother took her children to the mall, and the remote control plane costing thousands of dollars was given to them. The mother was deterred, and her son, who was arguing that he must buy it, also put the mother in a dilemma.

Such examples are common in life. According to financial education expert Hu Yanling, this reflects the lack of financial education. "Children do not understand the reciprocal relationship between goods and money. Children's understanding of wealth is relatively simple. When they are young, they will change from 'like it or not' To judge the value of something from the perspective of "whether it's fun or not."

At present, professional lectures and training courses on financial management for adults are very common, but there are not many financial education for teenagers. Hu Yanling, a financial and business education expert, said that there are currently several financial and business education institutions for teenagers in Beijing, but not many have formed systems in other cities.

In April this year, Hu Yanling conducted a survey on 200 parents in Huizhou Nantan Primary School, Yiwu Commodity City, Binjiang Park and other places on youth financial education. The survey results show that 64% of the parents interviewed agreed with financial education, while 36% did not agree with financial education.

The survey found that parents believe that “children spend money indiscriminately without restraint, and it is necessary to learn”, “pay attention to moral conduct”, and “let children know where the money comes from and learn how to spend it.” "Money", "Parents already have financial management concepts and agree that children should learn", "I hope children can be independent", "This ability will be needed to enter society in the future and can be cultivated in advance."

Some parents also believe that. , "Children are too young and don't want to talk about money too early", "Parents don't understand and are not interested in finance", "Children are already very obedient, there is no need to learn."

Many parents don't know How to teach financial and business education

It is understood that many developed countries and regions in the world have incorporated financial and business education into the youth education system. In the United States, most state governments have adopted policies to offer economics and financial education courses in primary and secondary schools. Financial and business education has entered primary and secondary classrooms in the United States since the mid-1970s. Schools have designed systems for students of different ages. Financial and business knowledge education courses; in the UK, the government has decided to start financial and business courses among primary and secondary school students in the fall of 2011, and systematically train primary and secondary school students; in Israel, financial and business education has penetrated into students from an early age. In every corner of student education, Israel's financial and business education methods such as delayed access education and entrepreneurship education are renowned in the world.

In our country, financial and business education is not taken seriously in the current education system, and there is no content about financial and business education in textbooks. "Currently, "Experimentation and Exploration of Financial and Commercial Education in Primary and Secondary Schools" is a key topic of the Chinese Education Society's 12th Five-Year Plan, and some schools are trying to introduce financial and commercial education into schools. But the actual situation is that financial and commercial education is not included in schools. There are very few reflections in education, and financial and business education mainly relies on family education. How to guide children to establish a correct view of money, wealth and values ??in family education is the main means of financial and business education. ”

The reporter found that many parents don’t know where to start when it comes to financial education. "If you sit down and talk about 'money,' your children won't understand." "Just talk, and your children won't listen to you.

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“School education is not involved, and family education generally does not know how to teach it, resulting in a lack of financial education for young people. "Hu Yanling believes that the lack of financial and business education has affected the overall quality of young people. "The view of money first among some primary and secondary school students is very popular. Everything must be linked to money. They lack a correct view of wealth and a positive life. Attitude and spirit; spending money casually, blindly comparing, and showing off are prevalent. They often ask their parents for money if they have no money, and often have serious conflicts with their parents because of this, and lack of gratitude to their parents; young people who go to work lack the minimum With their knowledge of financial management, they can confidently become a 'shopaholic', a 'moonlight clan', a 'chewing old clan', a 'house slave', a 'card slave', etc. ”

■Question

Is it too early to provide financial education to children?

Zheng Quanyao, vice president of Huizhou Mental Health and Culture Association, believes that from a psychological perspective From a growth perspective, a child's view of money is a mature issue in the child's psychological development, which plays a role in the child's life.

There was once a monthly pocket money guide for urban children in China, Japan and South Korea. According to a comparative survey, the average monthly pocket money of Chinese children is 400 to 500 yuan, which is 2 to 3 times that of Japanese and Korean children.

Zheng Quanyao said that the money in the hands of Chinese children has three characteristics: The difference is large, the acquisition is arbitrary, and the control power is small. “Because the money difference between children is large, it is easy to show off their wealth and hate wealth. The way parents give money to their children will directly affect the child’s personality development; and the control power is small. This is because parents rarely cultivate their children's financial management concepts and do not allow their children to participate in financial management. ”

“You will naturally understand these truths when you grow up. "Many parents think there is no need to let their children learn financial management too early. Zheng Quanyao doesn't think so. "Financial and business education is good for children's psychological development. First of all, it can cultivate children's mature and rational financial and business personality; financial and business education is also conducive to children's early entry into the financial industry. Career planning. ”

Will clearly marked housework prices make children profit-oriented?

Xu Wenjuan, 10 years old this year, must obtain the consent of her parents for all aspects of consumption. In addition, she has a monthly The pocket money of about 30 yuan is completely at her own disposal. Xu Wenjuan earns it by doing housework at home.

"1 yuan for mopping the floor, 1 yuan for hanging clothes, and 2 yuan for cleaning..." Xu Wenjuan. My mother, Ms. Chen, is very strict about her children’s money and will not let her spend money easily. “Back then, my daughter took a fancy to a bicycle, and I asked her to pass the exam, and the bicycle would be her reward. ”

In this regard, Xu Wenjuan’s father believes that such clearly marked prices for housework will make children take money more seriously and think of money to measure everything they do.

Zheng Quanyao Introduction: In the United States, children’s money cannot be obtained without labor. A lot of children’s pocket money is obtained by doing housework. This is a cultural atmosphere and common social practice. In China, if parents simply set a price, it will not work. If you explain the truth clearly, you may fall into a misunderstanding. “Let your children understand that doing housework is an experience, and this experience is even more important than money. "

Hu Yanling believes that when children do housework, they must first let them know, "Mom, dad, and children are all family members. Mom and dad have to take on housework, and it is normal for children to take on some housework. If they are young, You can do what you can, and you can be rewarded for taking the initiative and doing well. "In addition, when children consume their own "rewards", they should be properly guided to make some positive money-using plans.

How do foreigners carry out financial education?

U.S. : Want to spend money? Go work!

As a country of immigrants, the United States has a very short history, so Americans have less traditional and conservative ideas and are not conservative in their living habits. Likewise, when it comes to their children’s financial education. Americans who are used to spending future money are also quite different from other countries. American parents hope that their children will understand the relationship between independence, hard work and money early on. They start financial education at the age of 3.

Want to spend money? Go to work! Americans popularize and educate their children on the concept of wealth when they are very young, and teach them how to make money and manage money. For example, American children will sell toys that they do not need at home to earn a little income, or to make money. Children deliver milk, work as newspaper boys, and do housework in exchange for pocket money. These make children realize that even if they are born into a wealthy family, they should have a desire to work and a sense of social responsibility.

Many Americans start educating their children about their financial intelligence by keeping accounts. After children have the concept of numbers, clearly record the ins and outs of every pocket money given by their parents, and check their own spending once a week to see which money should be spent and which money should not be spent. Parents will then comment and guide them on which money is spent too much and which money should be spent but is not.

Jews: Cultivate children with the concept of delayed enjoyment

Hu Yanling said that in financial and business education, family guidance is very important. “Parents need to create a certain atmosphere and environment for their children, or Set an example and learn some financial knowledge and content yourself.”

There may be something to learn from Jewish financial education.

The book "Seven Secrets of Jews Making Money" writes: If you like to play, you need to earn your free time. This requires good education and academic performance, and then you can find many jobs. Good job, make a lot of money, and when you make money, you can play longer and play with more expensive toys. If you get the sequence wrong, the whole system won't work properly, you'll only be able to play with it for a short time, and the end result is that you'll have some cheap toys that eventually break, and then you'll have to work harder for the rest of your life. No toys, no joy. In the real world, toys are cars, houses, clothes, records, meals out, and vacations, and obviously, if you can't earn these toys, or pursue them too early, happiness can quickly turn into unpleasant consequences.

In Jewish financial education, parents should cultivate the concept of delayed enjoyment in their children. That is to postpone satisfying one's current desires in order to pursue greater returns in the future. In the Jewish view, investing money in bank accounts or capital markets where there will be future returns is a sign of delayed enjoyment. Don't let your kids spend money on things they can enjoy immediately. Let them manage their own investments and watch them grow over time.

■Concrete financial education

American families cultivate their children’s understanding of money and financial management skills relatively early. The basic requirements of society for children’s financial intelligence are:

Be able to identify coins and banknotes at the age of 3;

Realize at the age of 4 that we cannot buy out all the goods and must make choices when buying;

Know at the age of 5 The equivalent of money, for example: 25 cents can be used to make a pay phone call, etc. Know where money comes from;

Be able to make change when you are 6 years old;

Be able to read price tags when you are 7 years old;

Know that you can Earn money by doing extra work and learn to save money in a savings account;

At the age of 9, you can simply make a spending plan for the week and know how to compare prices when shopping;

At the age of 10, you can Save a little money each week in case you have a big expense;

Understand by the age of 11 that you can discover the facts about spending money from TV commercials;

Be able to make plans by the age of 12 and implement a two-week spending plan and know the correct use of banking terminology.