With the development of economy and society, credit card has become a new payment method and consumer credit settlement tool widely popular in the world today, and it is an important credit certificate issued by banks to users for purchasing goods, obtaining services or withdrawing cash. With this voucher, the cardholder can get some goods or services for consumption without paying cash for the time being, and can also withdraw or transfer the cash in the card at will. However, because the credit card business is based on the cardholder's personal credit, it is risky. If there is a problem in any link of credit card use, it will cause economic losses to banks or cardholders and bring opportunities to criminals. In recent years, there have been more and more cases of credit card fraud. In this regard, the author combines the current situation of credit card fraud and refers to relevant materials to talk about the manifestations, characteristics, causes and preventive countermeasures of credit card fraud. First, the main manifestations of credit card fraud at this stage: (1) malicious overdraft. For the purpose of illegal possession, the cardholder overdraws beyond the prescribed limit or time limit and refuses to return it after being urged by the issuing bank. This is the most common means of committing credit card fraud at present. In order to succeed in fraud, the criminal suspect's means of committing crimes are very cunning. When they use credit cards to overdraw, they frequently use and withdraw cash in different business locations in a short period of time, or cardholders cheat when applying for credit cards, and then apply for credit cards to overdraw. Specifically: 1. Deliberately evade the authorization of the bank and withdraw cash at several or even a dozen savings offices in the same city on the same day. 2, multi-head cards, malicious overdraft one after another. Criminals get credit cards from a number of card-issuing banks, and then make a surprise withdrawal, shopping and consumption in a short time. 3. After handling the false loss report of the credit card, immediately go to the special merchants to spend money or go to the cash withdrawal outlets to withdraw cash. 4. Cardholders collude with merchants, and the same transaction is sealed separately and paid in cash, thus evading supervision and maliciously overdrawing. (2) fraudulently using another person's credit card. Non-cardholders use the cardholder's credit card to defraud property in the name of the cardholder. In real life, some cardholders give their credit cards to others for safekeeping, which provides an opportunity for criminals. Fraud by credit card consumption or overdraft cash without the cardholder's consent refers to the act of non-cardholders using the cardholder's credit card in the cardholder's name to defraud public and private property. The specific performance is: 1, illegally defrauding other people's ID cards, and then using other people's ID cards as applicants and guarantors to apply for fraudulent use of credit cards. 2. Use some device to make the ATM swallow the card. The tampered ATM will swallow the credit card, regardless of whether the password entered is correct or not and whether the credit card is valid or not. As soon as the cashier walks away, criminals will take out the crime device set on the ATM together with the credit card swallowed into the ATM, but use the credit card to commit crimes. 3. The credit card is lost or forgotten, and it is fraudulently used or defrauded by criminal suspects. 4. Bank staff take advantage of their work to directly impersonate cardholders by forging or modifying accounting vouchers and changing computer account information. (3) Using forged credit cards. Criminal suspects use forged credit cards, steal blank credit cards by work or other means, and forge and defraud property without bank deposits; Or forge a credit card deposit slip in a bank, falsely claim that there are multiple deposits, and then withdraw money from a bank in B for fraud. That is, criminal suspects secretly steal the basic information of legitimate cardholders and use advanced technical means to illegally manufacture credit cards for fraud. 1. Use the receipt printed by the credit card terminal to copy the fake card for fraud. For example, people often discard the receipts printed by credit card recipients after shopping with credit cards. Criminals use the credit card number, cardholder's name, credit card validity period and other information recorded on the receipt to copy fake cards to commit crimes. 2. "Clone" a credit card and impersonate others to commit a crime. The criminal suspect first obtained the victim's card number and password information on the grounds of selling cheap goods, and then "cloned" the fake card to withdraw money and transfer money through certain scientific and technological means, thus illegally occupying the victim's funds. 3. Stealing credit card numbers from online shopping. When shopping or spending through the Internet, you must enter the credit card number. Computer hackers will steal all the information and data of customers from the customer management office of network companies, and use these data for criminal activities. 4. Criminals or criminal organizations illegally manufacture fake cards by imitating credit cards issued by issuing banks, or illegally imprint or magnetize issued real credit cards, or illegally iron or imprint part or all of the imprinted contents of issued real credit cards, or illegally modify the magnetic stripe contents of invalid credit cards, and resell forged fake cards to others for use. Some withdraw cash at ATM machines, some go shopping in big shopping malls, and some use fake cards to enter high-end entertainment places for "consumption". (4) using an invalid credit card. Invalid credit cards mainly include credit cards that expire automatically, credit cards that cardholders stop using during the validity period, or credit cards that are invalid or lost due to loss reporting. This situation often happens, some are stolen and some are lost. Cardholders are faced with the possibility that the lost credit card may be fraudulently used by others, and it will take some time for banks and cardholders to go through the formalities. At this time, there is a "time difference", and a few lawless elements use this time difference to conduct credit card fraud activities. Second, the characteristics of credit card fraud 1, crime tools: credit cards. Among them, most credit cards that use forged credit cards for fraudulent activities come from Hongkong, Taiwan Province and other regions. Almost all these forged credit cards are made by criminals in Hongkong, Taiwan Province Province and other places with advanced technology and equipment. They are so well made that they can almost be confused with the real thing. According to the investigation, the above-mentioned forged credit cards are forged by criminals by stealing the information of legitimate cardholders, and then handed over to other criminals for committing crimes in the form of sales or cooperation. 2. M.O.: Most of them are committed by gangs and fugitives. In addition to malicious overdraft, other forms of credit card fraud are mostly collusion between several people, division of labor and cooperation, defrauding property and then dividing the stolen goods. Some people lied on the phone that the cheated person's bank card was consumed, and then told him the relevant phone number. The criminal suspect pretended to be a staff member of the relevant unit and instructed the deceived person to transfer the deposit to his bank card and was cheated; Some cheat the trust of the deceived person, steal the credit card and steal the cash in the card on the grounds of doing business after peeking at their passwords when depositing and withdrawing money from the bank; Some unemployed people who are familiar with shopping malls or jewelry stores use their cards to swipe their cards at the above-mentioned merchants to defraud valuable commodities such as gold jewelry and mobile phones. The way of escaping crime also accounts for a large proportion in credit card fraud, which invisibly increases the difficulty of detection and crackdown. This part of the population is highly mobile and the location of the crime is uncertain, which brings great difficulty to the investigation. After the success of the crime, they quickly fled the scene. According to the physical characteristics reflected by the victim, it is difficult to catch the suspect in time. Such offenders have considerable anti-investigation awareness. After being arrested, they generally refused to explain the facts of the crime. In addition, the stolen goods have already been transferred, and it is difficult to bring them to justice only by some indirect evidence and victim identification, which makes the investigation in trouble. 3. Time of committing crimes: relatively concentrated. Because criminals want to transfer the cash in their credit cards to other accounts, or take all the cash from the victim's credit cards, they must complete the criminal process in the shortest time to avoid being discovered. In addition, most of the targets of crimes are special merchants authorized by card issuers, and most criminals have to shop, spend or withdraw cash from special merchants such as large shopping malls, jewelry stores or high-end entertainment places in a short time to achieve the purpose of fraud. Third, the reasons for credit card fraud The prevailing "post-paid card" system at home and abroad is different (use the card first, then make up the money). China's banks have always implemented the "prepaid card" system, that is, when applying for a credit card, the cardholder needs to deposit a certain amount of start-up funds in the credit card account for general consumption and withdrawal. This system itself reduces the risk of credit card fraud, and some credit cards also require the cardholder's identity documents when they are used, which has played a great role in preventing credit card fraud, but why are there a large number of such crimes? The main reason is: 1, from the psychological aspect of criminals. Greed is a potential weakness of human nature. As long as the right time is met, greed will surpass human reason and rationality and make people feel guilty. Credit card itself is based on personal credit, which has the characteristics of untimely settlement and overdraft, and is easily succeeded by criminals. This feature, combined with greed, will shake people's will, and in this case, people may go to the road of crime. 2. The information communication between the issuer and the cardholder is not smooth. Criminals use credit cards to cheat, which is very mobile and often has a time difference. In some places where the credit card management system is not perfect in China, it sometimes takes two or three days or even longer from the time when the user reports the loss of the credit card to the time when the special merchant receives the payment stop instruction, which gives the criminals an opportunity. At the same time, due to the untimely communication of information. For the authenticity of credit cards, whether there is malicious overdraft and other issues, it is difficult for card issuers to exchange information quickly, and it is difficult to detect the existing risks and even cause huge hidden dangers. 3. The management of the issuing bank is negligent. Some bank managers, when accepting the card business, approved the card issuance without conducting a detailed credit investigation on the applicant according to the regulations because of acquaintances' introduction or lack of experience, unskilled business and low vigilance; At the same time, many card-issuing banks are not aware of prevention. They think that the credit card has been issued, and the bank has gained more income from the credit card usage fee, but they rarely actively monitor and track the subsequent capital flow of the cardholder, which leads to an increase in the risk of credit card fraud. Fourth, preventive measures against credit card fraud First, we should conduct in-depth publicity to raise the awareness of the masses. We should make full use of radio, television, information networks, newspapers, magazines and other media and other forms for publicity, so that the masses can know the deception of criminals in time and raise their awareness of prevention. The financial department should strengthen the publicity on the risks and responsibilities of handling and using credit cards, so that the general public can understand the use of credit card transfer and settlement, cash deposit and withdrawal, purchase and consumption, normal goodwill overdraft function and all kinds of credit card fraud, consciously form the habit of abiding by credit card regulations, abiding by credit and raising awareness of prevention, and minimize the gap that criminals can use. Second, we should use information to guide investigation and crack down on all kinds of credit card fraud. Relying on the strength of science and technology, we should make full use of intelligence information resources, establish the concept of information guidance and investigation, improve the ability of online combat, collect information on fraud cases extensively for online research and judgment, and strengthen the combination of fraud cases. Establishing the files of criminal suspects who swindle "high-risk groups" in this area, and inputting them into the comprehensive application platform of police affairs, will play the most effective role in patrol inspection, hotel inspection and reconnaissance. Severely crack down on a number of credit card fraud suspects, so that those who attempt to defraud credit cards are afraid to step into the restricted area of the law. The third is to strengthen the security of credit card use. The issuing bank can learn from foreign advanced technologies in identifying the opposite side of the cardholder's identity, such as using laser signature, personal identification code and other technologies to accurately identify and examine whether the cardholder is a real user registered by the issuing bank, and should also comprehensively promote the use of smart cards with microcomputer chips to improve the safety of credit card use. Fourth, strengthen inter-departmental cooperation and information sharing. Taking advantage of the east wind of information construction, the issuing bank will establish a sharing network system with the police, exchange intelligence information regularly, inform bad cardholders of their situation and trading activities, and put forward relevant suggestions to strengthen prevention, exchange credit card fraud information and realize information and data sharing. And inform the police of possible and existing fraud incidents in order to prevent and crack down on crimes in time. At the same time, the police should report their own intelligence information in time through the online network between the police and the issuing bank, so as to communicate in time, ensure the smooth and accurate information exchange and realize the sharing of information resources. To sum up, combating and preventing credit card fraud is a systematic project, which requires the joint efforts of all of us and the cooperation of all departments. This is a long-term social project. To prevent the occurrence of credit card fraud, it is necessary to analyze the criminal's thinking process from the perspective of economics and study the means to influence and stop his crime. We should constantly sum up experience, intensify the crackdown, severely crack down on all kinds of credit card fraud cases, deter crimes, maintain the stability of the socialist financial order, ensure the prosperity and development of the credit card market, and ensure that people's property is not infringed.