First of all, what the school did is wrong, but I ask you to understand that sometimes there is nothing the school or the teacher can do. It may be that the school needs the bank, and the bank has a task for its superiors, so the school does this---sometimes the bank gives some benefits, such as sponsorship, or even directly gives material rewards to teachers.
As a college student, I think it will not take long for you to enter the society. It is not easy to understand more: schools have their own difficulties, banks have their own difficulties, and so do teachers.
There is nothing wrong with having a credit card. You can learn some financial knowledge. If you really don’t want to use it, just call and cancel it yourself. The customer service hotline of China Merchants Bank is 8008205555.
You are talking about the Agricultural Bank of China. As far as I know, the Agricultural Bank of China does not provide credit cards for students. Is it the China Construction Bank? CCB's number is 8008200588. Calling this number from a landline is free.