Question 1: Short answer question on the definition and characteristics of estimated liabilities. Estimated liabilities refer to various estimated liabilities recognized according to relevant standards such as contingencies, including external guarantees, pending litigation, product quality assurance, and restructuring. obligations and estimated liabilities arising from the disposal obligations of fixed assets and mining rights.

The conditions for an enterprise to recognize it as a liability are:

First, the obligation is a current obligation borne by the enterprise;

Second, it is probable that the obligation will be fulfilled Causes economic benefits to flow out of the enterprise, where "very likely" means that the probability of occurrence is "greater than 50%, but less than or equal to 95%";

Third, the amount of the obligation can be measured reliably.

Contingent liabilities refer to potential obligations formed by past transactions or events, the existence of which must be confirmed by the occurrence or non-occurrence of future uncertain events; or current obligations formed by past transactions or events, which must be fulfilled The obligation is not likely to result in an outflow of economic benefits from the enterprise or the amount of the obligation cannot be measured reliably. Contingent liabilities refer to debts whose final outcome is currently difficult to determine and depends on whether a certain event occurs. It is caused by some past agreement, commitment or certain circumstances. The result is difficult to determine. It may be a real debt that the company is responsible for repaying, or it may not constitute a debt of the company. Therefore, a contingent liability is only a potential debt and not a current real liability of the company.

The conditions for determining contingent liabilities are:

1. Contingent liabilities arise from past transactions or events;

2. The liability obligations assumed by the enterprise are Potential or current;

3. The performance of the obligation is not likely to result in the outflow of economic benefits;

4. The amount of the obligation cannot be measured reliably.

The possibility that the performance of obligations related to contingent liabilities will lead to the outflow of economic benefits is usually judged based on a certain probability range. "Basically certain" means that the possibility of occurrence is greater than 95% but less than 100%; "very likely" means that the possibility of occurrence is greater than 50% but less than or equal to 95%; "possible" means that the possibility of occurrence Greater than 5% but less than or equal to 50%; "extremely unlikely" means that the probability of occurrence is greater than 0 but less than or equal to 5%.

Question 2: What is estimated liabilities? Are estimated liabilities a liability account? 1. Estimated liabilities generally reflect the current obligations that an enterprise will assume in the future. For example, disposal costs incurred when fixed assets are scrapped, product quality deposits withheld after products are sold, and pending litigation amounts that may or are almost certain to be compensated, etc. 2. Estimated liabilities are a liability account

2801 Estimated liabilities

1. This account accounts for external guarantees, pending litigation, product quality assurance, restructuring obligations, and loss-making confirmed by the enterprise. Estimated liabilities such as contracts.

2. This account can be calculated in detail based on the transactions or events that form estimated liabilities.

3. Main accounting treatment of estimated liabilities.

(1) The enterprise's estimated liabilities arising from external guarantees, pending litigation, and restructuring obligations should be debited to "non-operating expenses" and other accounts and credited to this account according to the determined amount. The estimated liabilities arising from product quality assurance should be debited to the "sales expenses" account and credited to this account according to the determined amount.

The estimated liabilities arising from asset disposal obligations should be debited to the "fixed assets" or "oil and gas assets" account and credited to this account according to the determined amount. Within the useful life of a fixed asset or oil and gas asset, the interest expense payable in each period is determined based on calculation, and the "Financial Expenses" account is debited and this account is credited.

(2) For estimated liabilities that are actually paid off or offset, this account will be debited and "bank deposits" and other accounts will be credited.

(3) If it is necessary to adjust the confirmed estimated liabilities based on conclusive evidence, adjust the increased estimated liabilities, debit the relevant account, and credit the current account; adjust the reduced estimated liabilities and make the opposite accounting score record.

4. The end-of-period credit balance of this account reflects the enterprise’s confirmed unpaid estimated liabilities.

Question 3: If estimated liabilities do not meet the definition of liabilities, why are they still considered liabilities? What is the difference between it and contingent liabilities? Estimated liabilities meet the definition of liabilities. Compare:

Liabilities refer to current obligations formed by past transactions or events of an enterprise that are expected to result in the outflow of economic benefits from the enterprise. To recognize a current obligation as a liability, it needs to meet the definition of a liability, and it also needs to meet the following two conditions:

1. The economic benefits related to this obligation are likely to flow out of the enterprise

2. The amount of future outflow of economic benefits can be measured reliably

Obligations related to contingencies shall be recognized as liabilities when the following three conditions are met at the same time, and shall be recognized and measured as estimated liabilities:

1. The obligation is a current obligation borne by the enterprise;

2. Fulfillment of the obligation is likely to cause economic benefits to flow out of the enterprise;

3. The amount of the obligation can be reliably determined Measurement.

It is very clear after comparison. The key points are: current obligations, probable outflows, reliable measurement, and contingencies are also formed from past transactions or events, so estimated liabilities meet the definition and recognition conditions of liabilities. All requirements.

The difference with contingent liabilities

One is that contingent liabilities may be potential obligations or current obligations, while estimated liabilities are current obligations.

The second is the possibility of outflow of economic benefits. For current obligations, if the possibility of outflow from the enterprise exceeds 50%, it is estimated liabilities, and if it is less than 50%, it is contingent liabilities.

Question 4: Estimation What are the conditions for recognizing liabilities? Obligations related to contingencies should be recognized as liabilities and recognized and measured as estimated liabilities when the following three conditions are met at the same time:

1. The obligations arising from contingencies are the current obligations of the enterprise; < /p>

2. The performance of the obligation is likely to result in the outflow of economic benefits;

3. The amount of the obligation can be measured reliably.

Question 5: What is the estimated liability? Estimated liabilities belong to the liability category.

Estimated Liabilities are liabilities that may arise due to contingencies. According to the provisions of the contingency standards, if an obligation related to a contingency meets the following three conditions at the same time, the enterprise should recognize it as a liability:

First, the obligation is a current obligation assumed by the enterprise; < /p>

The second is that the performance of the obligation is likely to cause economic benefits to flow out of the enterprise. The "very likely" here means that the probability of occurrence is "greater than 50% but less than or equal to 95%";

< p> Third, the amount of the obligation can be measured reliably.

Question 6: When will estimated liabilities be debited? That's right, you will have to pay a disposal fee of 1 million yuan at that time. Now you only have an "estimated liability" of 239,400 yuan, and then accrue interest in installments until the "estimated liability" amount is 1 million yuan when it is scrapped. It's over when you pay 1 million yuan.

Debit: Estimated liabilities ￥1 million

Credit: Bank deposits ￥1 million

Question 7: What is the difference between estimated liabilities and liabilities? Estimated liabilities belong to liability accounts, which include not only estimated liabilities, but also taxes payable, accounts payable, etc. That is to say, estimated liabilities are a specific liability, and liabilities are a general term for such items.

Question 8: What account does estimated liability belong to? It belongs to the liability category, please refer to:

(1) Asset category

1 1001 Cash

2 1002 Bank deposits

3 1009 Other monetary funds

100901 Deposits from other places

100902 Cashier's check

100903 Bank draft

100904 Credit card

100905 Letter of credit deposit

100906 Investment deposit

4 1101 Short-term investment

110101 Stocks

110102 Bonds

< p> 110103 Funds

110110 Others

5 1102 Provision for short-term investment price decline

6 1111 Notes receivable

7 1121 Dividends receivable

8 1122 Interest receivable

9 1131 Accounts receivable

10 1133 Other receivables

11 1141 Bad debt provisions< /p>

12 1151 Prepaid accounts

13 1161 Subsidies receivable

14 1201 Material procurement

15 1211 Raw materials

< p> 16 1221 Packaging

17 1231 Low-value consumables

18 1232 Material cost difference

19 1241 Self-made semi-finished products

20 1243 Inventory goods

21 1244 Price difference between purchase and sale of goods

22 1251 Entrusted processing materials

23 1261 Entrusted sales of goods

24 1271 Commodities sold on consignment

25 1281 Inventory depreciation provision

26 1291 Merchandise issued by installment payment

27 1301 Prepaid expenses

28 1401 Long-term equity investment

140101 Stock investment

140102 Other equity investment

29 1402 Long-term debt investment

140201 Bond investment

140202 Other debt investments

30 1421 Impairment provisions for long-term investments

31 1431 Entrusted loans

143101 Principal

143102 Interest

143103 Provision for impairment

32 1501 Fixed assets

33 1502 Accumulated depreciation

34 1505 Provision for impairment of fixed assets

p>

35 1601 Engineering supplies

160101 Special materials

160102 Special equipment

160103 Prepayment for large equipment

160104 is Tools and instruments for production preparation

36 1603 Construction in progress

37 1605 Impairment provision for construction in progress

38 1701 Liquidation of fixed assets

< p> 39 1801 Intangible assets

40 1805 Provision for impairment of intangible assets

41 1815 Unrecognized financing expenses

42 1901 Long-term deferred expenses

43 1911 Property damage and spill pending

191101 Pending gains and losses from current assets

191102 Pending gains and losses from fixed assets

(2) Liabilities

44 2101 Short-term borrowings

45 2111 Notes payable

46 2121 Accounts payable

47 2131 Prepaid accounts

48 2141 Payment for consignment goods

49 2151 Salary payable

50 2153 Welfare payable

51 2161 Dividend payable

52 2171 Tax payable

217101 Value-added tax payable< /p>

21710101 Input tax

21710102 Tax paid

21710103 Transfer-out unpaid value-added tax

21710104 Tax reduction

< p> 21710105 Output tax

21710106 Export tax rebate

21710107 Input tax transfer out

21710108 Export tax deduction for domestic products

21710109 Overpayment of VAT on transfer

21710110 Failure to pay VAT

217102 Business tax payable

217103 Consumption tax payable

217104 Resource tax payable

217105 Income tax payable

217106 Land value-added tax payable

217107 Urban maintenance and construction tax payable

217108 Real estate tax payable

217109 Land use tax payable

217110 Vehicle and vessel use tax payable

217111 Personal income tax payable

53 2176 Other payables

54 2181 Other payables

55 2191 Accrued expenses

56 220......>>

Question 9: What are estimated liabilities? What is the difference between estimated liabilities and contingent liabilities? Estimated liabilities refer to various estimated liabilities recognized according to relevant standards such as contingencies, including estimated liabilities arising from external guarantees, pending litigation, product quality assurance, restructuring obligations, and obligations to abandon fixed assets and mining rights.

Liabilities refer to current obligations formed by past transactions or events of an enterprise that are expected to cause economic benefits to flow out of the enterprise

Simply put, estimated liabilities have not yet occurred, but there are There is a high degree of certainty that it will occur, and the liability refers to something that has already occurred.

Question 10: What are estimated liabilities? Recognition conditions for estimated liabilities Tips: Recognition conditions for estimated liabilities

1. Actual obligations formed by past transactions or events

2. The performance of the obligation is likely to result in the outflow of economic benefits from the enterprise

3. The amount of the obligation can be measured reliably

If the above recognition conditions are not met, it can only be regarded as or Liabilities are disclosed in the notes to the balance sheet