When the cardholder swipes the card on the merchant's terminal P0S, the merchant will request the transaction authorization from the acquiring institution through telephone or computer network, and the acquiring institution will then request the transaction authorization from the issuing bank or the international authorized clearing network. After the issuing bank confirms the identity of the consumer, it will approve the transaction authorization of the acquiring institution, and finally the acquiring institution will approve the transaction authorization of the merchant. Through the global network of card organizations, this complicated authorization approval process can be completed in only a few seconds. After the authorization is passed, the transaction is not completed, and the cardholder needs to sign the shopping receipt to finally complete it.