When it comes to Haibo Village, nine out of ten old Qingdao people don’t know about it. Because one is small and has never been divided into real administrative divisions; the other has a short history and is an "immigration village" formed only in the 1930s and 1940s; the third is connected end to end with "Wujia Village" and is mistakenly called Wujia Village by outsiders. . "Haibo Village" is different from real villages with a long history named after surnames such as "Wujiacun" and "Kangjiazhuang", and also different from real urban "villages" such as "Shangjie" and "Sifang" , this small village named after the Haibo River, which is close to the prosperous "Dongzhen" and under the double "protection" of the German fort and Tailiu Road checkpoint, reflects the work of a group of well-off farmers in the first "industrialization" process in Chinese history. , a mentality of wanting to advance but being afraid, reluctant, and forced to leave.

After the "July 7th Incident", "guerrillas" and "self-defense groups" sprang up in the countryside, robbing homes, kidnapping and extorting tickets. Most of the wealthy people in the countryside sold their goods and ran to Qingdao. Since then, there have been dozens of households in Haibo Village, and they have begun an urbanized single-family production and labor that is both industrial, commercial and residential, and a rural self-sufficient, elegant, face-saving and trustworthy life. Way. Among them are the Lao Meng family, the Lao Xu family, the Lao Wang family, the Lao Yang family, the Lao Ding family, the Lao Fan family, and the Lao Liu family. Most of the above families are from Changyi or Pingdu people close to Changyi. There are many people selling silk in Changyi, so they can only make a living by weaving. What are the business names of "Chengji", "Heji", "Donglaicheng", "Yifahe", "Hongchang", etc. "Three new" and so on. At that time, Qingdao's textile industry was already well-known, but the developed textile industry was all produced by Japanese-owned factories. These small factories (workshops) in Haibo Village had no capital or technology, and only relied on the convenience of the gathering of merchants to make profits. It's insignificant, just barely making a living, and those with wealth have to post a few posts from time to time, and there's no way to talk about development and growth. There are very few exceptions, such as "Sanxin". No one knows who is the shopkeeper. There is only one employee named Cui in charge. The small weaving factory in Haibo Village buys yarn from him. Even though his family had a few inconspicuous machines, the large-scale production and import of yarns were enough to frighten the "four major families" in Haibo Village at that time! It is said that this family has a background, and everyone wants to get close to Cui and buy some "discounted yarn" or something. Unfortunately, Cui has no money and salt, and only talks about business and nothing else. No one can understand the depth, and even more Not to mention that I have received benefits from him, at best I am "familiar". When the Kuomintang took over Qingdao, the "Three New" businesses became even more prosperous, and even foreigners came to him to buy yarn. Before liberation, the company closed down. It was not until after liberation that it was gradually rumored that it was an enemy product. After the reform and opening up, people started to spread rumors again. "Three New" has become a famous large textile company in Taiwan.

The third shopkeeper of "Chengji" of the Fan family is another exception! The third shopkeeper of the Fan family is a "posthumous son". He is 13 years younger than his eldest brother, shopkeeper Fan. His special life experience makes him much favored by the old lady of the Fan family. In addition, he is smart and capable, young and eager to learn, has strong plasticity and low pressure. "It's a loss." "It belongs to the family, and if you earn it, it belongs to you." Therefore, I thought about it and quickly adapted to city life. In the early 1940s, the bicycle came out, and the Japanese began to produce bicycles in Qingdao. Shopkeeper Fan Jiasan immediately realized that this was a good deal. He observed carefully, secretly learned the technology, made his own drawing paper, built an iron furnace, and recruited workers. Gan Te started working, and from then on he got out of hand. He gradually became the climate in the Haibo Village workshop, and even designed and built a factory building with a span and height of ten meters away. This is not something that ordinary people can do. This not only makes people know that the third shopkeeper of the Fan family is smart and capable, but also makes outsiders think that the Fan family has become "a success". This is not the case. In the late 1940s, the three brothers of the old Fan family divided the family's wealth. At this time, the life of the third family was prosperous, while the second family had few children and could get by with the wealth of the father-in-law's family. Only those who were over fifty years old were exhausted. The exhausted boss gave all his living money to his two younger brothers. He was only given a workshop with six wooden frame looms, and his wife and daughter worked full time, so they could barely make ends meet.

After liberation, the state implemented unified purchase and sales of textiles. The immigrants in Haibo Village had a chance to breathe for the first time. Needless to say, they were satisfied. As the public-private partnership entered its climax, this industry must participate in the joint venture. More and more, the sound of joyful gongs and drums keeps ringing all day long in the small village of Haibo Village, which is also a good story for a while.

Of course, there are also businesses that have not joined the joint venture, such as the Lao Fang family who runs the soy sauce garden, the Lao Zhao family who runs the milk house, and the third shopkeeper of the Fan family... The second shopkeeper of the Fan family also joined his younger brother and made some unpleasant remarks. If so, he was reported to the labor union, and the labor union sent him to education. Unexpectedly, he couldn't stand the struggle, so he found a rope and hanged himself after returning home.

Gradually, the term "family background" appeared more and more frequently. The old immigrants in Haibo Village frowned more and more. In the countryside, they were either landlords or rich farmers. Without exception, they have become capitalists. The new generation who have grown up in Haibo Village have drawn a clear line with their families, bid farewell to their old families, and gone to the big revolutionary family. The third daughter and the fourth daughter of the head of the Fan family joined the army respectively and married Communist Party cadres, completely drawing a line with their old families.

In 1964, an unprecedented event occurred in Haibo Village that shocked the whole country: the third daughter of the third shopkeeper of the Fan family (the section chief of the bicycle factory at the time) won a martial arts championship at the Emerging Power Games. It would have been amazing to win the championship, but what is even more amazing is that this little girl has traveled to more than a dozen countries with President Liu Shaoqi and Prime Minister Zhou Enlai. Such an honor is always talked about by the people of Haibo Village. During the Chinese New Year that year, someone discovered that the character in a New Year picture was actually her - dancing with a long spiked sword, sitting in a cross-legged posture, beautiful and toned. Unexpectedly, when the Cultural Revolution began, most of the old immigrants in Haibo Village were criticized and sent back to their hometowns. Of course, the third shopkeeper of the Fan family was no exception. Even his third daughter, the martial arts champion, could not escape the involvement and was sent back to her hometown! The boss of the Fan family was deeply afraid that he would be found out that he had taken turns serving as the commander of the company in Haibo Village (there were regulations at the time: the enemy and puppet chief was one of the criminals with major historical issues who must report to the Public Security Bureau; Haibo The village is small and there are not enough ten-level security guards, so there is no chief security officer, only chief A. When it comes to giving out donations, paying taxes, and raising Ding, the chief A is responsible for it on a rotating basis. Shopkeeper Fan Da has taken the turn several times), but he does not dare to take the initiative to fight for it frankly. He was treated leniently, but he had no choice but to find a rope and follow his brother and sister-in-law.

The clear water of Haibo River has not flowed for many years. Since the 1950s, more than a dozen reservoirs have been built east of Cuobuling, cutting off the limited water source of this seasonal river; When we arrived at Haibo Bridge, we noticed that the river bed was silted up and a lot of stone railings had been built on the seaside. From the 1960s to the 1980s, the Haibo River became the sewage river for Wujiacun Paper Mill and Xinhe Chemical Plant, turning this rare and poetic river in Qingdao into a smelly, Mosquitoes and flies flooded the sewage ditches, making Haibo Village even more unsightly. Since the late 1940s, the population of Haibo Village has continued to expand, first with refugees, and later with public-private partnerships and housing renovations, turning single-family homes into large courtyards. The tranquility and simplicity of the past are no longer there, and the cultural atmosphere of being upright, serious, law-abiding, courteous, modest, well-behaved, and neither humble nor overbearing has gradually disappeared. In 1993, the municipal government established the Cross-Strait Reconstruction Headquarters, determined to transform the filthy Haibo River and improve the living environment for citizens on both sides of the Strait. This was the last government-funded reconstruction project in Qingdao.

In the year when Haibo Village was demolished, the most famous figure in Haibo Village - the famous martial arts champion - Fan Jiasan, who visited abroad with Liu Shaoqi and Zhou Enlai that year, and the protagonist in the New Year painting The shopkeeper's third daughter passed away due to cancer. Due to her unfortunate fate and the tenacity of a martial arts practitioner, she only lived to be 45 years old. Nowadays, with the construction of "Haibo Family", the dilapidated Haibo Village has disappeared, and even things that should not have disappeared have also disappeared, which makes people feel infinite regret. (Writer: Fan Guozhi)

Addendum to Haibo Village

Haibo Village is named after the Haibo River. In the Haibo River in 1941, the river bottom and river sides were not made of mud like they are now. The bridge over the Haibo River on Xiaoyang Road (now Renmin Road) was also much narrower than the current one, and could only accommodate two cars side by side. At that time, there was another tributary on the north side of the Haibo River, which came from the Ruguan area in the east. It was only three or four meters wide and flowed in front of the current No. 20 Middle School gate, and then flowed through the back gate of the current Haici Hospital. Enter the main stream of Haibo River. This tributary has long been paved with cement slabs, and the part east of the bridge has become a road without street signs. The original river turned into a ditch. The Haibo Village back then was just northeast of the Branch Bridge.

Tailiu Road passes through the northern half of Haibo Village, and this tributary of Haibo River flows from east to west along the southern edge of Haibo Village, so it is close to Tailiu Road and the tributary of Haibo River. Haibo Village is naturally long from east to west and short from north to south.

Let’s talk about the surrounding environment of Haibo Village in 1941. There were some crop fields to the north and east of Haibo Village. There was no Anshan Road at that time; the west, that is, the south end of Xiaoyang Road and the west of the north end of Weihai Road, was a patch of grass and woods. If you hike from Haibo Bridge to Dakangsha Factory (now the No. 1 National Cotton Factory), we follow the path on the grass; to the south to the main stream of Haibo River, the ground is not large and there are some houses; to the south of the tributary of Haibo River and east of Weihai Road, there is a large area Low-lying swamps, cattle ranches here. At that time, there were 500 households in Haibo Village. There is not a single building in the whole village, just row upon row of small bungalows with red and gray tile roofs. In addition to the Tailiu Road that runs from east to west, the village is filled with alleys as dense as a spider web. There are public taps and public toilets on the streets. At that time, Tailiu Road was the only road from Qingdao to Licun. Haibo Village is also close to two main traffic lines, Xiaoyang Road and Weihai Road, so the industry and commerce in Haibo Village is relatively prosperous, especially small factories and workshops are blooming everywhere. In addition, there is very little arable land around the village. Eight out of ten households in the village rely on work for a living, and fewer and fewer people make a living from farming. The so-called agriculture is just growing some wheat by the river and some vegetables in front of and behind the house. There is not a single plowing animal in the village, nor a single pig. Only the crowing of chickens and the barking of dogs show the rural atmosphere. There are also those who make a living by performing arts. I remember that there lived a couple like this in No. 408. The girl's surname was Zhang, she had one eye, and she was good at speaking Shandong Qinshu, with clear enunciation and a pleasant accent. Her husband is blind. The Japanese and puppet police station in Haibo Village (called Xiaoyamen by the common people) was in the west of the village, where the current Haici Hospital is located. At that time, there was a forest of trees here. There is a primary school in the village. There is also the Earth Temple in the northwest corner of the village, where villagers send their deceased people to "go to the west."

At that time, the shops in Haibo Village were mainly concentrated on Tailiu Road, including local product stores, daily necessities stores, farm tools stores, tobacco shops, etc. Since Tailiu Road is an important traffic thoroughfare, many customers are pedestrians. Yiyuan Shaoguo on Tailiu Road had a history of more than ten years at that time. It is said that it is just a handicraft workshop with only a dozen workers, and the raw materials used are moldy dried sweet potatoes. The facilities used are only a few large pots and vats for distillation and fermentation, but the liquor produced is... The surrounding villages and towns are very famous. Due to the cheap raw materials and low price of wine, people in Haibo Village will never forget Yiyuan Shaoguo when drinking. Many hotels from far and near come here to wholesale, and business is booming. At that time, there were "eight major families" in Haibo Village's economy, all of whom were rich and powerful. Among them are Yongchang Weaving Factory, Yifahe Weaving Factory, Sanxin Weaving Factory, Shandong Wood Factory that processes wood, and Hengxing Iron Factory that makes textile machinery parts, etc. At that time, there was an iron factory in the village that produced iron pots. Haibo Village has convenient transportation and cheap labor in this area, attracting people from outside to build factories in Haibo Village. The Yongshengmao Carpet Factory in Haibo Village was sited and invested in by a young couple from the south. There are two carpet weaving machines in the factory, and together with the downline, there are eight or nine workers. The management is also good.

The Helong Weaving Factory, located close to the north bank of the tributary of Haibo River, can be regarded as a large factory in Haibo Village. The big shopkeeper's surname is Wu, he is thirty-seven or eighteen years old, of medium height, and is from Shandong. He once opened a weaving factory in Shenyang, but it was difficult to operate because the Japanese controlled cotton yarn. In 1940, he came to Qingdao with his technical master Zhou Jishi, and established a joint venture with the second shopkeeper to buy land and build a house in Haibo Village. This weaving factory. When it opened, there were 12 looms, two winding machines, and more than 20 workers. Later, it developed to 20 looms and more than 30 workers. The second shopkeeper, whose surname is Wang, is in his forties and is also from Shandong. There are two shopkeepers, a mechanic, a cashier, a boy who runs errands inside and outside, plus the kitchen master, a total of six non-production personnel. The cotton yarn used for weaving comes from the Japanese Dakang Cotton Mill. The factory produces plain white cloth and cannot weave jacquard cloth like the big weaving factory in Taiping Town.

Technician Zhou is also in his forties, from the Northeast, with a straightforward personality. He is a pilot promoted by workers. He has rich experience and works hard. In order not to delay production, he often repairs machines day and night. He is also very sincere and patient when teaching his disciples, and is shopkeeper Wu's arm. Shopkeeper Wu has worked as a worker, understands technology, and is good at accepting new things. He attaches great importance to product quality and does not allow inferior quality to be the best. Female workers with good weaving quality were not only praised in public but also given bonuses.

For the female workers in Cibuduo, even if they are related, they will be punished when they should be punished and fired when they should be fired. There will be no mercy. Compared with small factories that ignore product quality and blindly pursue profits, this is much smarter. Another clever trick of Shopkeeper Wu is to employ people without suspicion. Subordinates have the initiative and have the final say on what to do, but the condition is that things must be done well. When it comes to selecting and employing people, Engineer Zhou can handle it at his discretion and just say hello afterwards. Shopkeeper Wu has strict requirements for his employees and punishes them leniently. At that time, weaving was not very profitable. Although female weavers worked more than ten hours a day, their monthly salary was only the price of two bags of "cannon truck" flour (3 yuan and 80 cents per bag). Due to the pressure of life, many women worked hard to steal cotton yarn, but shopkeeper Wu did not advocate body searches, but tried to treat the workers as well as possible. For example, some weaving factories do not prepare boiling water for female workers during working hours, fearing that the female workers will go to the toilet after drinking water and work less. Shopkeeper Wu asked the kitchen to deliver boiling water to the workshop on time. He said that workers would be warmer if they drank some hot water in winter. In fact, shopkeeper Wu knows how much cotton yarn can be woven and how much cloth can be woven. Even if a female worker is found stealing cotton yarn, she is usually not fired, but educated and observed. Most of the weaving factories in the village are unwilling to use female workers from the village because they are close to home and can easily steal cotton yarn. But shopkeeper Wu doesn't do this. He said that female workers have many things to do, so they can save time commuting to and from get off work close to their homes and are better able to do good work. Shopkeeper Wu's kindness moved the female workers in the factory, and the phenomenon of stealing cotton yarn was much less common than in other weaving factories.

At that time, workers who lived far away from home would bring meals to work, mostly dried sweet potatoes, cornmeal pancakes, and salted fish. Six non-production workers were in charge of the food in the kitchen, and the two shopkeepers shared the same table with everyone. Eat both coarse and fine grains, four dishes for lunch and two dishes for dinner. Compared with the same industry, it is also good. The young man who ran the errands was named Lin and was from Huang County. He was only 16 years old that year. Whenever there is a meal in the office, Xiao Lin always has to serve food to everyone while eating, and he cannot put down chopsticks later than everyone else. As soon as the two shopkeepers finish eating, he has to pour tea. Shopkeeper Wu knew that Xiao Lin didn't have enough to eat, so he told the master chef in advance to leave some food for Xiao Lin, and Xiao Lin could go to the kitchen to "make up for the difference" after dinner.

Shopkeeper Wang used to be a businessman and had quite a sense of being a small businessman. Although he knew nothing about weaving, he put on airs in front of the workers and especially liked to take advantage of the female workers. Since Helong Weaving Factory was a joint venture between him and Shopkeeper Wu, Shopkeeper Wu could do nothing to him. Fortunately, the power of production and personnel is in the hands of shopkeeper Wu. Precisely because Shopkeeper Wu was smarter than ordinary small factories in terms of business philosophy and management measures, Helong Weaving Factory, a small business, was able to survive and develop in the harsh environment of the Japanese and puppet rule, and ushered in the good year of the liberation of Qingdao. month, until gloriously entering the ranks of industrial and commercial public-private partnership in 1956.

Although the economy of Haibo Village in 1941 was dominated by industry and commerce, with agriculture accounting for a small proportion, showing the characteristics of transition to the city, Haibo Village still maintained its rural style and customs. During the New Year, every family places offerings to worship their ancestors and stays up all night on New Year's Eve. When the lights are still dark on the first day of the Lunar New Year, the whole village pays New Year greetings to the oldest person. Then the villagers "congratulate each other on their fortunes" and wait until dawn for everyone to finish their New Year greetings. During the Chinese New Year at that time, not only the scholarly family members and wealthy people, but also all the villagers with a stable financial situation wore long robes and mandarin jackets. In addition, every family posted couplets and every household set off firecrackers, creating a rural New Year atmosphere. On the first lunar month of the new year, villagers go to Haiyun Nunnery and Rugu Nunnery to visit the temple fairs, and to Dongzhen to visit the Carrot Fair. They happily watch Maoqiang opera and Liuqiang opera performances; they also perform their own acrobatics, such as walking on stilts, running land boats, and singing while twisting. wait. Because Haibo Village is a small village and has limited manpower and material resources to carry out cultural activities, these sideshows are jointly organized with neighboring villages such as Xiwujia Village. Helong Weaving Factory has donated money to the village's sideshows, which is also an enlightened point of shopkeeper Wu. On the surface, Haibo Village in 1941 was a peaceful scene. In reality, this is not the case. The villagers live a life of oppression, bullying, and fear. Those were the years when the Japanese and puppet regime ruled Qingdao. Large factories had underground party organizations that fought for the rights of workers through trade unions. In order to hunt down underground party members, the Japanese and puppet government often broke into people's homes in the middle of the night under the pretext of checking household registration. The "household registration check" originally only checked urban areas with a relatively large floating population, but later it jumped to the wall and even remote small suburban villages were not spared. One night in the dead of night, the villagers in Haibo Village had already turned off the lights and went to bed. Suddenly, the Japanese and puppet military police "Dongdong" knocked loudly on the villagers' doors, followed by the barking of dogs. Every villager who woke up from his dream had his heart beating. They were so frightened and panicked that some people jumped over the wall and ran away. That night they captured two young men. In fact, these two were not Communist Party members.

No one knew at that time whether there were any Tibetan Communist Party members in Haibo Village. Even if there is really a Communist Party member hiding there, how can one search for it in that secret palace-like alley?

At that time, people's educational level was generally low, and graduating from high school (six years of primary school) was a passable educational level. This is especially true in Haibo Village. Shopkeeper Wu was "ahead of others" after graduating from junior high school. Zhou Jishi, who is in the first grade of high school, is not only the cultural leader of "Helong", but also the pride of Haibo Village. From the growth of Xiao Lin's children of "Helong", it can be seen how greatly the cultural quality of Qingdao citizens has improved in the past 62 years. Xiao Lin graduated from high school. Although his daughter was treated unfairly during the college entrance examination due to her poor family background, she later studied at Peking University's Correspondence College while working, received a college diploma, and became a primary school principal. Xiao Lin's son's college entrance examination coincided with the good era of reform and opening up. He got rid of the shackles of a poor background and passed the Ocean University. After graduation, he stayed at the school as the director of the physics department office. For Xiao Lin in Haibo Village in 1941, it was impossible to predict that he would have two high-level intellectual children in the future.

As time has passed, the originally dirty and messy Haibo River has become clean and beautiful after several large-scale transformations. There is also a brand new Haibo River Park with pleasant scenery on both sides of the river bank. There are not many traces of the original Haibo Village. Instead, the "Haibo Renjia" residential buildings are under construction. Although it has not yet been completed, it has shown the style of a tall and majestic modern metropolis.