Payment networks, retailers and merchants, airlines and hotel groups. 1. payment network: The issuing bank cooperates with payment networks, such as Visa, MasterCard, AmericanExpress, etc., to ensure that the credit cards it issues are widely accepted worldwide.

2. Retailers and merchants: The issuing bank has established cooperative relations with retailers and merchants, providing credit card discounts, promotions and points plans.

3. Airlines and hotel groups: The issuing bank cooperates with airlines and hotel groups to provide joint credit cards, providing cardholders with air miles, hotel points and privileges.