Four ways to prepare a balance sheet

1. In daily accounting work, in order to correctly prepare a balance sheet, people usually use the working paper method:

1. Prepare a trial balance sheet of general ledger account balances based on the closing balances of each account;

2. Organize the trial balance sheet according to the classification of asset and liability items to form a working paper;

3. Fill in the amount of relevant items in the trial balance sheet according to the working paper;

The amount of each item in the balance sheet is divided into two columns: the beginning balance and the ending balance. The "beginning balance" is the amount of each item. Fill out the form directly based on the "ending balance" of the balance sheet at the end of the previous year.

2. The method of filling in the "Ending Balance" item is:

1. Method 1: Fill in directly based on the general ledger balance.

Most of the items in the balance sheet can be filled in directly based on the closing balance of the relevant account. The items that can be filled in directly include "short-term borrowings", "notes receivable", "long-term borrowings", and "actual receipts". "Capital", "Capital Reserve", "Surplus Reserve" and other subjects.

2. Method 2: Calculate and fill in the columns based on the balance of the general ledger account.

Some items in the balance sheet can be calculated and filled in based on the ending balances of several general ledger accounts. For example, the "monetary funds" item should be calculated based on "cash on hand", "bank deposits", "other monetary funds" "Fill in the total of the ending balances of the three general ledger accounts; the "inventory" item is calculated and filled in based on the ending balances of the "raw materials", "inventory goods", "production costs", "turnover materials" and other accounts.

3. Method 3: Fill in the net amount based on the balance of the relevant account minus the balance of the allowance account

(1) Mainly includes: "available-for-sale financial assets", "Held-to-maturity investment", "long-term equity investment", "construction in progress" and "goodwill" items should be filled in according to the closing balance of the relevant accounts. If impairment provisions have been made, the corresponding amount should be deducted. Impairment provisions;

(2) "Fixed assets", "intangible assets", "investment real estate", "productive biological assets" and "oil and gas assets" items should be based on the closing balance of the relevant accounts. Deduct the relevant accumulated depreciation (or amortization, depletion) and fill in the form. If impairment provisions have been made, the corresponding impairment provisions should also be deducted. The above-mentioned assets measured at fair value should be filled in according to the closing balance of the relevant account. ;

4. Method 4: Comprehensively use the above filling methods to analyze and fill in the columns.

Mainly include: "Notes receivable", "Interest receivable", "Dividends receivable", "Other receivables" items, which should be based on the closing balance of the relevant accounts, minus "bad debt provisions" Fill in the amount after the closing balance of the bad debt provision in the account;

(1) "Accounts receivable" = the sum of the debit balances of the "Accounts Receivable" subsidiary account and the debit side of the "Accounts Receivable" subsidiary account The sum of the balances

(2) "Accounts receivable in advance" = the sum of the credit balances of the "Accounts receivable" subsidiary account and the sum of the credit balances of the "Accounts receivable" subsidiary account

( 3) "Accounts Payable" = the sum of the credit balances of the "Accounts Payable" subsidiary ledger and the sum of the credit balances of the "Accounts Payable" subsidiary ledger

(4) "Prepaid Accounts" = "Accounts Payable" "The sum of the debit balances of the subsidiary ledger "Prepaid accounts" The sum of the debit balances of the subsidiary ledger

Extended information:

The accounting information reflected on the income statement can be used to evaluate an enterprise Evaluate the operating efficiency and operating results, evaluate the value and return of investment, and then measure the success of an enterprise in operation and management. Specifically, it has the following functions:

1. The profit and loss statement can be used as the basis for the distribution of operating results. The profit and loss statement reflects the company's operating income, operating costs, operating expenses, business taxes, various period expenses and non-operating income and expenses in a certain period, and finally calculates a comprehensive profit indicator.

The data on the income statement directly affects the interests of many related groups, such as national tax revenue, managerial bonuses, employee wages and other remuneration, shareholder dividends, etc.

It is precisely because of this role that the income statement once surpassed the balance sheet and became the most important financial statement.

2. The profit and loss statement can comprehensively reflect all aspects of production and business activities, and can help assess the performance of enterprise management personnel. The management efficiency and effectiveness of an enterprise in production, operation, investment, financing and other activities can be comprehensively reflected from the increase or decrease in the amount of profits.

By comparing revenue, costs, and profits with the enterprise's production and operation plan, the completion of the production and operation plan can be assessed, and then the business performance and efficiency of the enterprise management authority can be evaluated.

3. The income statement can be used to analyze the profitability of the company and predict the future cash flow of the company. The income statement reveals detailed information about operating profits, net investment income, and net non-operating income and expenses, which can be used to analyze the company's profitability and evaluate its profitability.

At the same time, the various expected cash sources, amounts, timings, and uncertainties that statement users are concerned about, such as dividends or interest, proceeds from the sale of securities, and repayments of borrowings, are all related to the company's gains. Profitability is closely related, so the level of earnings plays an important role in predicting future cash flows.

Reference: Balance Sheet Baidu Encyclopedia