1. As of the end of June 2016, what was the balance of non-performing assets of commercial banks?
According to preliminary statistics, as of the end of June, the banking industry had reached trillions of yuan, a year-on-year increase of 15.6%; various items Deposits reached RMB 1 trillion, a year-on-year increase of 10.7%; loan balances totaled RMB 106.69 trillion, a year-on-year increase of 13.0%. The non-performing loan ratio of commercial banks is 1.81%; banking finance is 3.47 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 16.1, and the provision coverage ratio remains at a high level of 161.3%; the capital adequacy ratio of major commercial banks is 13.2%, and the core tier-one capital adequacy ratio is 10.7. A year-on-year increase of 0.4 percentage points
2. Why do commercial banks experience an increase in non-performing loan ratios?
The Banking Regulatory Bureau has relevant documents stipulating that non-performing loans are an assessment indicator. In addition, each bank Banks also have corresponding business indicators. The non-performing loan ratio directly affects the bank's operating results. Therefore, each bank is trying to reduce the non-performing loan ratio to reduce risks and increase profits
3. Applying for too many online loans has led to a large number of The data is messed up or the network is hacked. Can this situation be recovered?
I don’t know what kind of recovery you are referring to. Is it deleting all the blackmail data and restoring it to normal, or is it that your credit is not affected?
First of all, it is certain that it is impossible to delete these online loan data.
In recent years, my country's online loan platforms have developed very rapidly. Various online loans have mushroomed, some formal and some irregular. Among the many online loans, some have been listed on the central bank's credit reference list. , some are uploaded to third-party credit reporting systems, and some do not even have basic credit information, just like private information.
Once these online loan application records are recorded by the system, it is impossible to delete the records. Even though the central bank currently retains personal credit information for only five years, it only no longer displays the negative information on the personal credit report, but it does not mean that the negative information is eliminated from the system.
For those third-party credit reporting agencies, it is even more impossible to delete this data. Now many online loan platforms have access to third-party credit reporting agencies, and the information of many credit reporting agencies is It is exclusive. Sometimes the online loan records you apply for on a certain platform may be recorded by multiple credit reporting agencies. Therefore, even if the data of a certain credit reporting platform is deleted, other institutions may still retain the credit reporting data.
Furthermore, our country currently does not have an exact regulation on how long the data from third-party credit reporting platforms should be retained, so in theory, as long as you have an online loan application record, these third-party credit reporting platforms will It can be found by any letter agency.
Secondly, no matter how bad your credit report is, as long as you pay off the debt, you can use time to repair it
Whether it is the central bank’s credit report system or a third-party credit report agency Credit reporting systems will only objectively record your credit reporting information, including your past online loan records.
However, having many online loan records does not mean that your credit report is completely black. In fact, many credit institutions will focus on checking the user's credit report information in the past two years when approving user information. , if your credit information in the past two years is good, even if there are many online loan application records two years ago, many financial institutions will not focus on pursuing them.
However, there are currently many illegal online loan records that want to be repaired. It is not simply that after two years, the credit report will be automatically restored. There are prerequisites for credit report repair. Generally speaking, they are as follows several.
First, pay off all online loan arrears. There must be no overdue payments, at least within the past two years. If your online loan is overdue and left unattended, your credit report will remain in the black and it will not be repaired even if it takes two or two years.
Second, you cannot have too many online loan application records or too many online loan inquiry records in the past two years, otherwise your credit report will still be considered bad.
Third, keep appropriate records of the use of regular loans or credit cards.
Once their credit report goes bad, many people think that as long as they completely stop all credit or credit card overdrafts, they will be fine. In fact, this is not a wise approach. The so-called credit report, you need to have a record so that the lending institution can judge whether your credit is good or bad. If your credit report turns black and suddenly stops, and then there is no record, then the financial institution will not know your credit history in the past two years. Has your personal credit improved?
Therefore, after the credit report becomes black, in addition to paying off all the debts without overdue payments, everyone must continue to use some regular credit cards or credit, and maintain normal repayments every month. If you keep a good repayment record, many financial institutions will recognize that your credit report has improved within two years.
IV. Reasons for the increase in non-performing loans
Question 1: What are the reasons for the increase in non-performing loans in my country’s banking industry and what countermeasures should be taken? 1. The increase in the non-performing loan rate in the banking industry is a macroeconomic Reflection of adjustments
From 2003 to 2013, my country's economy experienced a decade of rapid development. During this stage, my country's nominal GDP average annual growth rate was as high as 16.8, and the actual growth rate was also 10.1. Along with the growth of economic scale, the money supply increased from 19.05 trillion yuan to 13.598 billion yuan. During the economic upswing, liquidity is abundant, investment opportunities are abundant, and corporate credit demand is strong. At the same time, after divesting and getting rid of the burden of non-performing assets, China's banking industry became a market-oriented operation entity through shareholding reform and listing, releasing the growth momentum of banks. The asset size increased from 27.7 trillion yuan to 151.4 trillion yuan, an increase of 4.5 times in ten years. .
On the one hand, the expansion of enterprises and the development of banks complement each other. On the other hand, they also lay hidden dangers for the current deterioration of bank asset quality: First, the overall leverage ratio of enterprises is relatively high. According to the report of the Bank for International Settlements, At present, China's corporate debt has reached 125% of GDP, entering the red zone (the normal ratio of the total corporate and personal debt to GDP is 100); second, cross-industry operations have become a trend for enterprises, especially those involved in real estate, mining and other fields. Third, there is a comprehensive overcapacity, whether it is high-energy-consuming electrolytic aluminum, steel, or emerging photovoltaic, wind power, shipbuilding and other industries.
The "bank-enterprise" lending system with the above-mentioned hidden risks is unsustainable. After entering the new normal, various relationships are being adjusted, and some hidden risks in the original lending system will take time to digest and release. Judging from the occurrence of bank credit asset risks, "corporate death" corresponds to the above three types of risk hazards, manifested as "high leverage rupture", "long investment failure" and "clearance of excess production capacity". The process of customer risk outbreak is also the result of the economic body removing these "stubborn diseases".
2. The rise in non-performing loan ratios in the banking industry is a common phenomenon in the economic adjustment of various countries
Horizontally, Western developed countries also generally encountered problems after experiencing the subprime mortgage crisis. The stage of rising bank loan non-performing ratios. Among them, the non-performing loan ratio of the U.S. banking industry increased by 0.6 percentage points when the subprime mortgage crisis broke out, and risk exposure was mainly concentrated in the following two years (in 2008 and 2009, the non-performing loan ratio increased by as much as 1.57 and 2.03 percentage points), and in 2009 It reached its peak in 2005 (5) and then gradually fell back, which is generally consistent with the process of the outbreak of the crisis and the gradual elimination of its impact. The non-performing loan ratios of banks in other developed countries also show similar characteristics. It can be seen that bank non-performing loan ratios rise during economic downturns and fall back as the economy recovers, which is a common phenomenon around the world.
2
US GDP growth and bank non-performing loan ratio. Data source WIND
Up to now, the non-performing loan ratio of banks in the above-mentioned countries is still at a relatively high level. The average non-performing loan ratio of the world's top 20 banks by total assets is 3.50. The non-performing asset ratios of HSBC, BNP Paribas, JPMorgan Chase, Crédit Agricole, Barclays, Citibank, Royal Bank of Scotland, BPCE, Santander and Wells Fargo all far exceed the level of 2, with some of even reached 8.
2
Non-performing loan ratio of banks in developed countries.
Data source WIND
In comparison, the average non-performing loan ratio of my country's listed banks is 1.52, which is still at a low level. Even the Agricultural Bank of China, whose non-performing loan ratio was the first to exceed 2 in the third quarter, considering the bank's high provision coverage ratio, if the above-average provisions are used for write-offs, the bank's non-performing loan ratio will drop significantly to below 1.5.
3. China’s banking industry still has room to cope with the deterioration of asset quality
First of all, the macroeconomic gradually reveals positive factors. Although there is still downward pressure on the economy in the short term, some traditional industries and excess production capacity still have great inertia for downward adjustments. But at the same time, new industries, new business formats, and new driving forces are being bred at an accelerated pace, the contribution of consumption to economic growth continues to increase, the proportion of the tertiary industry has further increased, and the decline in exports has narrowed. The adjustment of the macroeconomic growth structure provides opportunities for the banking industry to hedge existing risks.
Secondly, the risk management level of China’s banking industry has made great progress. Most of them have established corporate governance mechanisms for modern commercial banks. Through the introduction and implementation of the Basel II Capital Accord, they have continuously strengthened and improved risk management policies, tools, systems, etc., forming a relatively systematic risk control system, and capital has compensated for risks. Capabilities are constantly being strengthened.
Third, before the massive outbreak of non-performing loans, banks had begun to realize some problems and took corresponding measures...gt;gt;
Question 2: What are the causes of non-performing loans? Failure to repay on time
Question 3: The status, composition and causes of non-performing loans of my country’s commercial banks 1. Analysis of the status, characteristics and causes of non-performing assets of my country’s commercial banks? 1. Non-performing assets of my country’s commercial banks Current situation? As we all know, the amount of non-performing assets of my country's commercial banks is huge, and the reality is not optimistic: the total assets of the four major state-owned commercial banks account for 80% of the national banking industry. However, due to the planned economy period and the beginning of reform, the heavy burdens carried by them are difficult to offload. A large amount of credit funds have accumulated and stagnated. The return on assets in 1998 was less than 0.2. In 1999, the sluggish loans that needed to be written off accounted for 2.7 of its total loans. However, with the overdue and sluggish loans that needed to be written off, all bad debts The ratio is 8-9 (the bad debt ratio does not include divested assets and debt-for-equity swaps). According to the total loan balance of the four major state-owned commercial banks accounting for more than 60% of the total balance of all financial institutions, the bad debt ratio of 8-9 means 500-600 billion yuan. The four major commercial banks had 350 billion yuan of non-performing assets divested in 1999. After independent evaluation, nearly 100 billion yuan of debt-for-equity swap agreements were signed with enterprises. In addition, the non-performing asset problem of dozens of joint-stock small commercial banks is also quite serious (more than 50,000 rural credit cooperatives, about 2,000 urban credit cooperatives and local trust investment companies and other non-bank financial non-performing assets have increased and The stock is even more prominent). It can be seen from this that although the central government has required commercial banks to reduce the non-performing asset ratio by a certain percentage every year since the National Financial Work Management Conference in 1995, although the quality of bank loans has improved in the past two or three years, the non-performing asset ratio is still is relatively high, credit asset risks are still relatively high. ?2. Characteristics of non-performing assets of my country’s commercial banks (1) The amount of non-performing assets is huge and the proportion of non-performing loans is relatively high. ?(2) The reasons for the non-performing assets of my country’s banks are complex. The non-performing assets of my country's banks are the result of a combination of multiple factors. There are both historical reasons and institutional reasons (such as the lack of separation between government and enterprises, poor management of state-owned enterprises and state-owned banks, etc.), as well as the impact of changes in policies and laws, etc. ?(3) Special interest relationship. In foreign countries, enterprises and banks are independent market economic entities, and the relationship between banks and enterprises is relatively clear; in my country, both state-owned enterprises and banks are state-owned, and the relationship between banks and enterprises is relatively vague. Since both state-owned commercial banks and state-owned enterprises are state-owned, the non-performing creditor's rights of state-owned commercial banks and the debt problems of state-owned enterprises are two aspects of the same problem. The essence of the problem of non-performing assets of state-owned commercial banks (of course state-owned commercial banks also have certain responsibilities) is the debt problem of state-owned enterprises, which is a comprehensive manifestation of poor management, low efficiency, and lack of competitiveness of state-owned enterprises. ?(4) The type of non-performing assets is special.
In foreign countries, most of the non-performing assets of banks are assets such as real estate loans or stocks, which themselves have high value. However, the non-performing loans of Chinese banks are mainly credit loans, such as a large number of non-performing loans to foreign trade enterprises. In short, the short-term purpose of cleaning up the non-performing assets of state-owned commercial banks is to eliminate financial risks and help state-owned enterprises out of difficulties, while the ultimate goal is to enable state-owned banks and state-owned enterprises to carry out operations with ease, realize strategic transformation of the operating mechanisms of state-owned banks and state-owned enterprises, and maintain National economic and financial security. ?3. Analysis of the causes of non-performing assets of my country's commercial banks? The causes of non-performing assets are complex: both institutional and policy-based, and operational and management-related; both external and internal; both historical and realistic. ? (1) From an institutional perspective, the bank-enterprise dependence mechanism formed by the capital supply system under the traditional planned economic system and the "reform loan" after fiscal and taxation reforms has caused a large number of loans from state-owned banks to settle and stagnate in state-owned enterprises. This is Historical causes of non-performing assets. ? (2) From an aspect, excessive behavioral boundaries, especially excessive local intervention, have caused the independent operating mechanism of state-owned commercial banks to exist in name only, resulting in the fiscalization and capitalization of credit funds, which is an external cause of the formation of non-performing assets. ?(3) From the perspective of enterprises, the operating mechanism of state-owned enterprises has not yet been truly established. The low economic efficiency of most state-owned enterprises is the fundamental reason for the generation of non-performing assets. (4) From a banking perspective, the non-marketization of state-owned commercial banks’ operations and management and the lack of a sound credit constraint mechanism are the direct causes of non-performing assets. ?First of all, commercial banks have great deficiencies in asset management. The "three checks" system for loans has not been truly implemented and credit extensions are not uniform. ?Secondly, because the professional quality of existing credit personnel in many institutions is not high, and individual personnel have extremely poor legal concepts, violations of regulations and rules occur from time to time, artificially causing credit risk losses and seriously threatening the safe operation of credit assets. ?Finally, there is a lack of a strict supervision mechanism...gt;gt;
Question 4: Causes and Countermeasures of Non-performing Loans Non-performing loan records or bad credit records mainly refer to:
1. The loan is currently overdue;
2. The credit card is currently overdue;
3. The quasi-credit card has an overdraft record that has not been repaid for more than 180 days (including card fees, annual fee);
4. There is a record of the credit card failing to repay the minimum repayment amount for more than 6 periods in the past 12 months (including card fees and annual fees);
5 . A single loan has a record of being overdue for more than 6 consecutive periods in the past 24 months (including repayment by the guarantor) or a cumulative record of being overdue for more than 10 periods (including repayment by the guarantor);
6. Single loan There is a cumulative overdue record of more than 24 periods;
7. The loan has a record of repayment by the guarantor;
8. The loan has been extended (postponed) or used to offset the debt in the past 24 months. Records;
9. There are records of being imprisoned due to bad credit.
Question 5: What are the causes of non-performing bank loans? Non-performing loans are loans that are not repaid when the loan company is unable to repay the loan or refuses to repay the loan when the loan period is approaching.
The main reason is that the lender does not have a clear understanding of the loan unit's situation and overestimates the loan repayment ability. The non-performing loan of more than 90% is caused by the loan reviewer not carefully understanding the loan target or deliberately lending the loan conditions. .
Question 6: What are the causes of non-performing loans? Lenders generally need to meet the following conditions:
1. Have a fixed residence in China, have a permanent residence in a local urban area, and be 18-65 years old Chinese citizens;
2. Abide by laws and regulations, have no illegal activities or bad credit records;
3. Have a legitimate and good job with stable economic income, and have the ability to repay loan principal and interest on schedule ability;
4. Other conditions specified by the bank.
Question 7: How do commercial banks control new non-performing loans? However, many banks still have serious credit risk control concepts and behavioral deviations, so that the non-performing credit asset ratio is still high.
The author believes that in order to effectively control credit risks and prevent the recurrence of large-scale non-performing loans, we should focus on the following three aspects: Accelerate the construction of the credit system. The most direct and fundamental reason for the occurrence of non-performing loans is the credit of enterprises and individuals (borrowers). missing. According to statistics from authoritative institutions, as of the end of 2000, among the companies with accounts in the four state-owned commercial banks, 32,140 companies had evaded debts, and the principal and interest of outstanding bank loans reached 185.1 billion yuan. The resulting moral hazard will erupt on a larger scale and over a longer period of time. Therefore, it is urgent to speed up the construction of credit system, which is the fundamental measure for commercial banks to control non-performing loans. The most closely related thing to commercial banks is their customers’ credit ratings. The specific method of establishing an enterprise and individual rating system is to summarize financial records, establish a financial credit system, and then summarize other credit records, such as tax payments, to gradually establish a unified, standardized, and complete enterprise and individual credit nationwide. Rating. The credit ratings of business and individual customers should be adjusted annually. Establishing a credit risk management culture Commercial banks in European and American countries have their own credit management cultures, and it is easier for loan officers to form their own credit value orientation. A strict credit management system is a hard constraint, and an advanced credit management culture is a soft constraint. It is this combination of soft and hard constraints that has enabled European and American banks to strictly control credit risks for many years. In recent years, some commercial banks in my country have gradually formed some basic views in this regard, such as "no matter how high the income is, it cannot make up for the loss of principal", "the biggest risk is the lack of risk awareness", etc. However, the construction of credit risk culture is still not enough. . Strengthen risk control construction - To implement the review structure of "separation of review and loan", we should establish a loan review organizational structure that separates the three powers of "credit system formulation power", "loan issuance execution power" and "risk loan disposal power", and establish a relatively independent Risk investigation and control system, risk review and control system, risk approval and control system and risk inspection and control system.
——To establish an intuitive and scientific risk warning system, we should establish an analysis index system for the enterprise's loan-bearing capacity, and control the enterprise's loan scale by analyzing the enterprise's ability to bear the maximum amount of liabilities; at the same time, make full use of the enterprise's ability to bear liabilities. cash flow indicators, do a good job in analyzing the company's solvency; strengthen the analysis of the company's profitability, predict the company's development prospects and trends; strengthen the evaluation and analysis of the comprehensive contribution of loan customers, assess the credit rating of loan customers, and make decisions accordingly Loan placement and management decisions. ——Intensify the implementation of the “three checks” on loans. Whether in the past or now, commercial banks have had the problem that the “three checks” system is just a formality. "Pre-loan investigation" requires investigators to go deep into the enterprise to verify relevant data, but it is precisely at this "juncture" that loan officers often simply use the materials and report data provided by the enterprise to make superficial remarks. "Post-loan inspection" requires credit personnel to go deep into the enterprise to monitor its economic activities and capital flows, and carefully analyze changes in loan risks. However, many credit officers have relaxed their follow-up management of loan companies and cannot keep track of changes in the company's production and operations at any time. "Post-loan management" is reduced to a daily inspection that is responsive and cannot truly reflect the actual situation of the enterprise. In addition, the bank's risk monitoring system for corporate financial indicators is too complex and difficult to operate.
Question 8: How to control new non-performing loans. However, many banks still have serious credit risk control concepts and behavioral deviations, so that the non-performing credit asset ratio is still at a high level. The author believes that in order to effectively control credit risks and prevent the recurrence of large-scale non-performing loans, we should focus on the following three aspects: Accelerate the construction of the credit system. The most direct and fundamental reason for the occurrence of non-performing loans is the credit of enterprises and individuals (borrowers). missing. According to statistics from authoritative institutions, as of the end of 2000, among the companies with accounts in the four state-owned commercial banks, 32,140 companies had evaded debts, and the principal and interest of outstanding bank loans reached 185.1 billion yuan. The resulting moral hazard will erupt on a larger scale and over a longer period of time. Therefore, it is urgent to speed up the construction of credit system, which is the fundamental measure for commercial banks to control non-performing loans. The most closely related thing to commercial banks is their customers’ credit ratings.
The specific method of establishing an enterprise and individual rating system is to summarize financial records, establish a financial credit system, and then summarize other credit records, such as tax payments, to gradually establish a unified, standardized, and complete enterprise and individual credit nationwide. Rating. The credit ratings of business and individual customers should be adjusted annually. Establishing a credit risk management culture Commercial banks in European and American countries have their own credit management cultures, and it is easier for loan officers to form their own credit value orientation. A strict credit management system is a hard constraint, and an advanced credit management culture is a soft constraint. It is this combination of soft and hard constraints that has enabled European and American banks to strictly control credit risks for many years. In recent years, some commercial banks in my country have gradually formed some basic views in this regard, such as "no matter how high the income is, it cannot make up for the loss of principal", "the biggest risk is the lack of risk awareness", etc. However, the construction of credit risk culture is still not enough. . Strengthen risk control construction - To implement the review structure of "separation of review and loan", we should establish a loan review organizational structure that separates the three powers of "credit system formulation power", "loan issuance execution power" and "risk loan disposal power", and establish a relatively independent Risk investigation and control system, risk review and control system, risk approval and control system and risk inspection and control system.
——To establish an intuitive and scientific risk warning system, we should establish an analysis index system for the enterprise's loan-bearing capacity, and control the enterprise's loan scale by analyzing the enterprise's ability to bear the maximum amount of liabilities; at the same time, make full use of the enterprise's ability to bear liabilities. cash flow indicators, do a good job in analyzing the company's solvency; strengthen the analysis of the company's profitability, predict the company's development prospects and trends; strengthen the evaluation and analysis of the comprehensive contribution of loan customers, assess the credit rating of loan customers, and make decisions accordingly Loan placement and management decisions. ——Intensify the implementation of the “three checks” on loans. Whether in the past or now, commercial banks have had the problem that the “three checks” system is just a formality. "Pre-loan investigation" requires investigators to go deep into the enterprise to verify relevant data, but it is precisely at this "juncture" that loan officers often simply use the materials and report data provided by the enterprise to make superficial remarks. "Post-loan inspection" requires credit personnel to go deep into the enterprise to monitor its economic activities and capital flows, and carefully analyze changes in loan risks. However, many credit officers have relaxed their follow-up management of loan companies and cannot keep track of changes in the company's production and operations at any time. "Post-loan management" is reduced to a daily inspection that is responsive and cannot truly reflect the actual situation of the enterprise. In addition, the bank's risk monitoring system for corporate financial indicators is too complex and difficult to operate.
Question 9: Why did the stock of non-performing loans of large commercial banks increase in 2014? Loan conditions:
Over 18 years old; working, with social security or provident fund;
Personal insurance ;
House and car (monthly payment is also acceptable);
Good credit report.
You can get a loan if one of the above conditions is met. At the very least, an online loan must have a source of repayment.
Question 10: The causes and solutions of non-performing loans in my country’s commercial banks - taking the Agricultural Bank of China as an example. Can anyone help me with 20 points? The causes of non-performing loans in my country’s state-owned banks
In addition to the inability of some state-owned enterprises to adapt to the requirements of the market economy and difficulties in operation and financial management, the causes of bank non-performing assets can also be divided into external economic environment and internal factors of commercial banks.
First, the external economic environment provides conditions for the emergence of non-performing credit assets.
1. The imperfection of the market mechanism distorts the economic behavior of enterprises and the public. In the process of transforming from a planned economy to a market economy, local governments more or less acted as mediators for credit funds from state-owned commercial banks, interfering too much in bank affairs, thereby misleading the banks' operations in disguise and distorting the rationality of some loans. To vote and to. At the same time, due to the weak foundation of my country's market economy and the imperfect market mechanism, enterprises and the public cannot well understand and implement the commercialization of commercial bank operations, marketization of loans, and the principle of integrity in transactions, resulting in economic, financial, legal, and social problems. and civil environment, the bank's rights and interests have been harmed, and non-performing loans have accumulated over time, making it difficult to recover.
2. Some state-owned enterprises are seriously short of capital, and bank loans are used as foundation funds.
The amount of funds that an enterprise needs to occupy in the process of production and operation is not equal. The minimum amount is that the enterprise must occupy it frequently and will not have it free when it needs the least amount of funds. This minimum amount of capital should be used as capital funds. , it is not advisable to use bank loans, because once the loan is used, it cannot be returned. Since the reform and opening up, most of the economic construction funds allocated by the fiscal system have been used for infrastructure construction. The increased working capital that old enterprises need almost entirely relies on bank loans, and some new enterprises are even basically built using bank loans. This has resulted in some state-owned enterprises being overly indebted and a large number of bank loans unable to be recovered upon maturity.
3. Distortion of the concept of credit. Since the phenomenon of corporate loan arrears has existed for many years, and most defaulters have not suffered any damage to their interests, and some have even received benefits, people's credit concepts have changed, distorted, and reversed over time. In addition, a few localities and competent departments have maintained social credit. Ineffective, some state-owned enterprises are allowed to transfer their losses to state-owned commercial banks. To a certain extent, state-owned commercial banks also have incorrect concepts and do not pay enough attention to whether loans can be recovered in time. They also do not pay enough attention to the collection of expired loans. Regardless, these have seriously damaged the interests of banks and worsened their non-performing loans.
Second, internal factors of state-owned commercial banks have contributed to the increase and expansion of non-performing loans.
1. The loan management mechanism is backward and self-discipline is insufficient. In the past decade or so, the business development of state-owned commercial banks has advanced by leaps and bounds, but what cannot be ignored is that in loan management, there is an extensive management tendency that emphasizes quantity and scale, but ignores quality and efficiency. The binding force is not enough, especially there are many illegal operations. It can be said that the backwardness of the loan management mechanism and the weakness of management links are a fundamental reason for the occurrence of non-performing loans.
2. The loan risk monitoring mechanism is not sound. It is believed that credit management focuses on things rather than people, and lacks comprehensive consideration of the quality, quality and personality of corporate legal persons or operating managers: the credit risk monitoring system is incomplete, limited to statistical work on risky loans, and lacks pre-loan, loan and loan Risk assessment in the later stages cannot grasp changes in the assets, liabilities, and profits and losses of loan companies in a timely manner: an early warning mechanism has not been established, and credit risks cannot be effectively monitored to a large extent.
3. Preventing and resolving non-performing credit assets is an arduous and complex systematic project for state-owned commercial banks. They must look inward, identify breakthroughs, adopt a multi-pronged approach, and treat both the symptoms and root causes. Update the concept and raise the understanding of non-performing credit assets to a level where resources can be exploited and utilized.
2. The consequences of the existence of non-performing loans in state-owned commercial banks
In 2006, foreign banks officially enjoyed national treatment in China, and state-owned commercial banks will face fierce competition from foreign banks. If the ratio of non-performing loans is not reduced, the bank's operating efficiency will first be seriously affected. The loan interest on non-performing loans is difficult to recover, and banks must also pay interest on depositors' deposits. On the other hand, a large amount of bank assets are deposited in non-performing loans, and the liquidity of bank assets is greatly reduced, affecting the bank's operating efficiency. As the commercialization process of banks accelerates. The color of banks will become lighter and lighter. Banks must rely on their reputation in society, bank operating efficiency and service quality to win customers. If the proportion of non-performing loans is high and efficiency declines, banks will find it difficult to survive and will It will be at a disadvantage in the competition with foreign banks...gt;gt;