First, what is "three lines and one order"
"Three lines and one order" is to put the red line of ecological protection, the bottom line of environmental quality and the bottom line of resource utilization online, and implement it in each environmental control unit in the form of ecological environment access list, and finally form an ecological environment zoning control system with global coverage, classified management and both macro and micro.
Among them, the ecological protection red line is the spatial control line, and the ecological functions with special importance are strictly protected. The bottom line of environmental quality and the top line of resource utilization are the index control lines; The bottom line of environmental quality stipulates the requirements of regional environmental management and control, pollutant emission control and other indicators, that is, controlling the environmental quality of regional atmosphere, water and soil; The online utilization of resources controls the online utilization, intensity and efficiency of regional energy consumption, water, land and other resources.
The environmental management and control unit is a bridge between the "third line" and the "first level", which implements the achievements of the "third line" into specific space, and then forms an ecological environment access list.
Second, the development process of "three lines and one single" ecological environment zoning management and control system
1, system brewing stage
In 1990s, China began to explore the functional zoning of ecology, water and atmospheric environment. After 2000, we gradually realized the importance of system integration, and explored the national environmental functional zoning and main functional area planning. 20 1 1 The most important regional integration is designated as the red line of ecological protection, which is an important "lifeline" of the country and strictly controlled.
20 12 further integrate the advantages of red line and zoning of various elements, and explore the pilot of urban environmental master planning and environmental functional zoning. 20 16, the "three lines and one order" eco-environmental zoning management and control system was gradually established.
2. System development stage
20 17 combined with the pilot work of "three lines and one order" in Jinan, Ordos, Lianyungang and Chengde, the eco-environmental management department took the lead in compiling the technical guide of "three lines and one order". On 20 18, Technical Requirements for Compilation of Three Lines and One Sheet, Technical Description of Shoreline Classification Control and Data Specification for Three Lines and One Sheet were issued.
20 19 comprehensively started the compilation of "three lines and one order", and gradually established and improved the technical system and management system of "three lines and one order". In April, 20021year, 3 1 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps released the "three lines and one order" provincial achievements.
3. System improvement stage
The results of "three lines and one order" in prefecture-level cities have been released one after another and entered the stage of system improvement.
Third, the role and significance of "three lines and one order"
1. Promote high-level ecological environment protection.
Establishing an eco-environmental zoning management and control system with "three lines and one order" as the core is an important measure to win the battle against pollution and strengthen the prevention and control of the source of eco-environment. For economic development and ecological environment protection, it can play the role of tracing the source, diagnosing the cause, finding the root of the disease, classifying policies and systematic treatment. It can effectively promote the fine management of ecological environment protection, strengthen the national space environment management and control, and promote the formation of spatial layout, industrial structure, production methods and lifestyles that save resources and protect the environment.
2. Promote high-quality social and economic development.
By connecting the relationship between the "three lines and one order" eco-environmental zoning control system and regional strategy and planning, it can provide decision-making reference for related planning, industrial policy formulation, urban construction, resource development and major project construction, law enforcement and supervision, and avoid extensive development and arbitrary development.
By delineating and strictly observing the red line of ecological protection, the bottom line of environmental quality and the online utilization of resources, we will protect natural values, increase natural capital, protect stocks, cultivate increments, protect the potential and stamina of economic and social development, and draw a green yardstick for economic and social development. By defining the list of access to ecological environment, the relationship between social and economic development and the bottom line of ecological environment is fundamentally balanced, which provides basic support for promoting high-quality economic development and high-level protection of ecological environment.
Fourth, the application of "three lines and one order" results-taking Guangdong Province as an example.
20211,Guangdong province's "three lines and one order" eco-environmental zoning control scheme (hereinafter referred to as the "scheme") was officially implemented, marking the implementation of eco-environmental zoning control based on eco-environmental control unit in Guangdong.
1, scope of application
As an important basis for resource development, urban construction, industrial layout and structural adjustment, and site selection of major projects in Guangdong administrative region, "Three Lines and One Order" has been applied in the process of policy formulation, planning and law enforcement supervision.
2. Main principles and objectives
Adhere to the principles of ecological priority, regional control and dynamic renewal, and jointly promote high-quality economic development and high-level ecological environmental protection.
By 2025, establish and improve the ecological environment zoning control system, and the ecological environment quality will continue to improve; In 2035, the "three lines and one order" ecological environment zoning management and control system was consolidated and improved, the ecological security pattern was stable, and the environmental quality was fundamentally improved.
3. Zoning control system of ecological environment
Define the access requirements from the aspects of regional layout control, energy resources utilization, pollutant emission control, environmental risk prevention and control, and establish a "1+3+N" three-level eco-environmental access list system. "1" is the overall control requirement of the whole province. "3" is the regional management and control requirement of "one core, one belt and one district". "N" refers to the control requirements of 19 12 land environmental control unit and 47 1 marine environmental control unit. Environmental control units are divided into three categories: priority protection, key control and general control units.
4. Implement the application program
In July, 2002 1 year, all 21cities in Guangdong Province introduced municipal management and control schemes, and established a regional management and control system covering the whole region. "Three lines and one order" has entered the stage of implementation and application. Combined with the reform and construction of "digital government" and relying on the comprehensive platform of "digital government", an information, visualization and intelligent data management application platform of "three lines and one order" in Guangdong Province was established. The application platform was officially launched in September 20021year, and the public version of the platform was opened to the public in February 2022.