China ancient history 1 collation of error-prone knowledge points. The enfeoffment system in the Western Zhou Dynasty not only enfeoffed the royal family, but also enfeoffed foreign heroes and the first generation of nobles. The heroes and nobles of the previous generation had nothing to do with the Zhou Emperor.
2. Autocracy and centralization are two different concepts. Autocracy is a decision-making method, and centralization is a system relative to decentralization.
3. The order of the four great inventions: papermaking (Han), printing (Sui and Tang Dynasties), gunpowder (Middle Tang Dynasty) and compass (Northern Song Dynasty).
4. The western regions refer to the present Xinjiang and further west, not Tibet. In the first 60 years, it was not Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty who established the Western Regions to protect the country. His rule was from 140 to 87 years ago.
The seismograph invented by Zhang Heng in the Eastern Han Dynasty is not used to predict earthquakes, but to determine the direction of earthquakes.
6. The currency "Kaiyuan Bao Tong" circulating in the Tang Dynasty was not minted during the Kaiyuan period of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, but was minted by Tang Gaozu, which meant to create the world.
7. During the reign of Wu Zetian, Yao Chong and Song Jing were selected and promoted. Later, Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty continued to reuse Yao Chong.
8. The rebellion of the big and small nobles and Zhuo put down by Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty was not of the Hui nationality, but of the Uighurs in Xinjiang.
9. Compared with the past, what are the outstanding characteristics of the Qing Dynasty in consolidating and developing a unified multi-ethnic country?
Features: First, resist foreign aggression and safeguard the territorial sovereignty and integrity of the country; The second is to combine the struggle to suppress the rebellion of ethnic minorities with strengthening ethnic ties and military management.
China's modern history confuses knowledge points 1, meaning of semi-colonial and semi-feudal society: a semi-colonial country is formally independent, but it is controlled and oppressed by imperialism in politics, economy and culture. Semi-feudalism means that the original feudal economy has been destroyed, and capitalism has certain components, but it still retains the feudal exploitation system.
After the signing of treaty of nanking, although China was an independent country in form, its independent politics began to be interfered by foreign countries, and the feudal society characterized by natural economy was also impacted by foreign capitalism, which was already an incomplete feudal society.
2. The influence of industrial revolution on China: Directly: Britain launched two Opium Wars, and China gradually became a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society from feudal society.
Influence on China's modernization: Westernization movement was carried out by Westernization School; The fruits of industrial civilization entered China, which facilitated people's travel, promoted the circulation of commodities and enriched people's lives.
The Westernization School represents the feudal landlord class, not the bourgeoisie. The private enterprises founded by Westernization Movement are not national capitalist enterprises.
4. The nature of the three movements in early modern times: the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom movement was a revolutionary movement of the peasant class against feudalism and aggression; The boxer movement is an anti-imperialist patriotic movement of the peasant class; The Revolution of 1911 was a great bourgeois-democratic revolution.
5. The most serious unequal treaty that China was forced to sign with the great powers in modern times was the Xin Chou Treaty, which was mistaken for treaty of shimonoseki. Although there was no cession clause in the Xin Chou Treaty, China was completely reduced to a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society due to the huge compensation and the strict control of the Qing government in politics, economy and military affairs. Obviously, its harm is more serious than treaty of shimonoseki.
6. The main reason why China refused to sign the Treaty of Versailles was the anti-imperialist activities of the China people (May 4th Movement). The May 4th Movement won a staged victory (or a preliminary victory), not a complete victory.
7. The May 4th Movement was the beginning of China's new-democratic revolution, based on the fact that the working class entered the political arena independently in the struggle and became the main force that decided the final result of the struggle.