Electronic commerce logistics

Abstract: Since 1998, there has been an upsurge of e-commerce in China. Many domestic companies have registered e-commerce companies, and the normal economy has been disrupted. It was not until the e-commerce boom passed last year that people really turned their attention to logistics. It should be said that logistics is promising in China. According to incomplete statistics, from 1992 to 1998, the development of China's logistics saved the country about 800 billion yuan in working capital, and the logistics cost in China now accounts for 20% of GDP, while that in developed countries is only about 10%. The times call for the emergence of electronic logistics.

Keywords: e-commerce, logistics, information flow, business flow, capital flow, e-logistics, third-party logistics and fourth-party logistics

First, the emergence of logistics in e-commerce

The invention of the Internet is the greatest social and scientific achievement in the past 30 years. It is changing people's lives and will lead the changes and leaps in the business field. Internet-based e-commerce can be said to be a new bright spot in the 2 1 century economy, but at present, this bright spot has not shone out, perhaps it is just a target model of economic development. Undoubtedly, e-commerce is a new business tool in the 2nd/kloc-0th century, which will incite traditional industries and emerging industries, and promote the evolution and development of traditional industries. In this process, modern logistics and express delivery will become the fulcrum of this lever.

Second, the relationship between e-commerce and logistics and the importance of logistics

The relationship between e-commerce and professional logistics is just like the relationship between enterprises and banks. However, compared with traditional companies, e-commerce companies have the characteristics of easier establishment and lower operating costs, and the competition will be more intense. It is estimated that they will develop into a company that pays equal attention to e-commerce and logistics. As now, there are both cooperation and competition between companies. The scale of monopoly enterprises will further expand, and its monopoly is not only in a certain industry, but also in a certain region, that is, it will produce business monopoly.

Its importance comes from the following aspects:

(A) logistics-to ensure the realization of e-commerce

1, logistics ensures production

Whether under the traditional trade mode or e-commerce, production is the basis of commodity circulation, and the smooth progress of production needs the support of various logistics activities. The whole process of production begins with the purchase of raw materials, so the corresponding supply logistics activities are needed to put the purchased materials in place, otherwise the production will be difficult; In the production process, the logistics process of raw materials and semi-finished products, the so-called production logistics, is also needed to realize the liquidity of production; The recovery of some surplus materials and reusable materials requires so-called recovery logistics; Waste disposal requires waste logistics. It can be seen that the whole production process is actually a series of logistics activities. Rationalized and modern logistics can reduce costs, optimize inventory structure, reduce capital pressure and shorten production cycle, thus ensuring the efficient implementation of modern production. On the contrary, without modern logistics, production will be difficult to proceed smoothly, and no matter how convenient e-commerce is, it is still impossible to cook without rice.

2. Logistics serves business flow.

In business flow activities, the ownership of goods is transferred from the supplier to the buyer from the moment the purchase and sale contract is signed, but the commodity entity has not moved because of this. In the traditional trading process, except for futures trading without physical delivery, the general business process must be accompanied by corresponding logistics activities, that is, commodity entities are transferred from suppliers (sellers) to buyers (buyers) in an appropriate way and way according to the needs of buyers (buyers). In e-commerce, consumers complete the delivery process of commodity ownership by clicking on shopping online, that is, the business flow process. However, the activities of e-commerce are not over, and commercial activities will come to an end only when goods and services are really transferred to consumers.

In the whole transaction process of e-commerce, logistics actually appears as a follower and server of business flow.

Without modern logistics, the easiest business flow activities will still be a dead letter.

(B) Logistics is an important part of the concept of e-commerce.

Since 1998, e-commerce has become a hot topic, especially for those enterprises that have a little advantage over e-commerce. And why did e-commerce slowly start to cool down from last year? The most important thing is a bottleneck problem of logistics distribution.

From the analysis of domestic e-commerce operation, China's e-commerce industry is not optimistic. The so-called e-commerce can only be said to be regional e-commerce. For example, I am in Ningbo now. If I use e-commerce to buy goods, if I buy local things, I may indeed realize e-commerce, and the effects and advantages may be reflected immediately. But imagine, if I buy Xinjiang goods, and not a lot, just a small toy, can it be realized? If it can be realized, is it a real benefit? Are there any advantages? This is a logistics bottleneck problem.

Since the e-commerce cooled down, the logistics fever began. As a young industry, logistics has great development potential. The state has repeatedly stressed that developing the logistics industry is a new growth point of China's economy, and reducing the logistics cost is also the third profit source of enterprises, and regards the development of the logistics industry as an aspect of the Tenth Five-Year Plan. In such a soft environment supported by the government, there will be more room for the development of logistics.

The development of logistics is a brand-new challenge to China, no matter from the proportion of China's circulation cost to GDP or the amount of circulation funds occupied by circulation cost.

(C) Logistics is the fundamental guarantee to realize the concept of "customer-centric"

From the initial trading to today's e-commerce, the biggest change is that e-commerce is not limited by time and place. E-commerce can turn all the goods into a big shopping mall, and you can buy any kind of goods in the world anytime and anywhere. The emergence of e-commerce has facilitated the ultimate consumers to the greatest extent. They don't have to go to the crowded commercial street to choose the goods they need one by one, but they can complete their shopping process by sitting at home, searching, viewing and selecting online. But imagine, if the goods you buy can't be delivered, or the merchants don't buy them themselves, will consumers still choose online shopping? The insecurity of online shopping has always been an important reason why e-commerce is difficult to promote. Whether it's B TO B or B TO C, I bought the goods as a consumer and a customer. Can the goods be delivered to me safely and quickly? This is my greatest concern, among which the problem of logistics and distribution needs to be solved. Bottom line: the development of e-commerce needs logistics as the foundation, and logistics is the fundamental guarantee to realize the concept of "customer-centric".

(D) E-commerce services in logistics information

E-commerce must be based on informationization. Without informatization, e-commerce will become passive water and rootless wood. The characteristics of logistics informatization are commercialization of logistics information, digitization and coding of logistics information collection, computerization and computerization of logistics information processing, standardization and real-time delivery of logistics information, digitization of logistics information storage, etc. With the development of electronic commerce, it will be widely used in China's logistics industry. Informatization is the foundation of everything. Without logistics informatization, any advanced technology and equipment can not be applied in the field of logistics. The application of information technology and computer technology will completely change the face of logistics industry in China.

Logistics is the ultimate guarantee to realize the concept of "customer-centered" in e-commerce. Without modern logistics technology, the shopping convenience brought by e-commerce is zero, and consumers will inevitably turn to traditional shopping methods that they think are safer. What is the demand for online shopping?

As can be seen from the above discussion, logistics is an important part of e-commerce. We must abandon the original concept of "emphasizing the electronization of information flow, business flow and capital flow while ignoring the electronization of logistics", vigorously develop modern logistics and further promote electronic logistics.