Tianshui statistics bureau
According to the Regulations on National Census and the decision of the State Council, China conducted the sixth national census at 1010/0 at 0: 20 on October 20th. Under the unified leadership of the State Council, Gansu provincial government and local people's governments at all levels, with the support and cooperation of all census objects, the census registration task was successfully completed through the hard work of census staff. The main data of quick summary are published as follows:
First, the permanent population of the city.
2010110/0 month 1: 00 The resident population of the whole city [3] is 3,262,548.
Second, the family population.
The city's permanent population is * * * households [4]8 1523 1 household population is 3,082,428, with an average population of 3.78, which is 0.52 less than the 4.30 in the fifth national census in 2000.
Third, gender composition.
Among the permanent residents in this city, the male population is 16453 13, accounting for 50.43%; The female population is 16 17235, accounting for 49.57%. The sex ratio of the population (female 100, male/female ratio) decreased from 106. 16 in the fifth national census in 2000 to10/.74.
Fourth, age composition.
Among the permanent residents in the city, there are 680,066 people aged 0- 14, accounting for 20.84%; 15-64 years old population is 2325 1 16, accounting for 71.27%; The population aged 65 and above is 257,366, accounting for 7.89%. Compared with the fifth national census in 2000, the proportion of people aged 0- 14 decreased by 8.60 percentage points, the proportion of people aged 15-64 increased by 5.89 percentage points, and the proportion of people aged 65 and over increased by 2.7 1 percentage point.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) population with different education levels
Among the urban resident population, the population with college education or above is153785; The population with high school education (including technical secondary school) is 361530; Population with junior high school education1057055; The population with primary school education is 1092498 (the above population with various education levels includes graduates, dropouts and students of various schools).
Compared with the fifth national census in 2000, the number of people with college education per 654.38+million population increased from 1.540 to 47 1.4; The number of high school graduates increased from 79 17 to11081; The number of junior high school graduates increased from 234 17 to 32,400; The number of primary school graduates dropped from 40 127 to 33486.
Among the urban residents, the illiterate population (1illiterate population aged 5 and above) is 34 153 1. Compared with the fifth national census in 2000, the illiterate population decreased 1 15282, and the illiteracy rate [5] increased from 14.20.
Regional distribution of intransitive verb population
The distribution of permanent residents in this city is as follows:
Tianshui City, 3262548 people
There are 643,906 people in Qinzhou District.
553268 people in Maiji District
There are 266,908 people in Qingshui County.
5 15423 people in Qin' an county.
Gangu county 5597 12 people.
Wushan county 437268 people
There are 286,063 people in Zhangjiachuan County.
Precautions:
[1] All data in this bulletin are preliminary summaries.
[2] The objects of census registration refer to natural persons in People's Republic of China (PRC) and China citizens who have not settled outside People's Republic of China (PRC), excluding foreigners who have stayed in People's Republic of China (PRC) for a short time.
[3] The permanent population refers to the population registered in the census at 201010: people who live in the streets of their own towns or whose household registration is to be determined; Persons who live in township streets and leave the township streets where their registered permanent residence is located for more than half a year; Persons with registered permanent residence in the streets of this township who have been out for less than half a year or have worked and studied abroad.
[4] A household refers to a household composed mainly of family members and people living in the same place.
[5] Illiteracy rate refers to the proportion of illiterate people aged 15 and above in the permanent population of the province.
In the Western Zhou Dynasty (1 1 century -77 1), the county belonged to Qin.
During the Spring and Autumn Period (770-477 BC), the county belonged to Luanxian County and Hebei County.
During the Warring States Period (477 BC-2265438 BC+0 BC), the county belonged to Longxi County.
Qin (pre-22 1- pre-206) belongs to Longxi county.
In the Western Han Dynasty (206-25 BC), the Han Dynasty inherited the Qin system, with counties under its jurisdiction and counties in parallel. In the third year of Emperor Gaozu's Ding Yuan (formerly 1 14), Longxi County was placed under Tianshui County, which governed Pingxiang (now Tongwei County). At that time, Tianshui county was under the jurisdiction of 16 county, and the county was under the jurisdiction of Quanxian County (now Longcheng Town), Ji Cheng County (now Ye Baochuan) and Lueyang Road (now Caihe Village, Wuying Township). In the fifth year of Liang Wudi (106 years ago), it was divided into 13 states (prison area), and the county belonged to Tianshui County of Liangzhou. In the first year of the first year (8), Wang Mang usurped the Han Dynasty, and another day, the water army county was Manrong County, and the county was Manrong County. In the first year of innovation (23rd year), Xiao Wei, a well-established man, rallied 100,000 people from Emperor Liu Xuan against Wang Mang, captured Pingxiang, and established the Xizhou regime, which was divided into Longyou counties, with Xiao Wei county accounting for ten years.
During the Eastern Han Dynasty (25-220), after Liu Xiu proclaimed himself emperor, in order to realize his great cause of reunification, Yu Jianwu personally conquered Longshang in the eighth year (32 years) and occupied the old town of Lueyang Road, and Longyou returned to the Eastern Han Dynasty. Wuxing, the official is tired and tired, and the county roads in the world exist. In today's Qin 'an, Lueyang Road was abandoned and Lueyang County was established (Jiequan County was renamed). Move Liangzhou to Dragon (present) land. In the first year of Jianwu Zhongyuan (56), Ji Cheng County was designated as the fief of Hou Dou Gu. In the 16th year of Yongping (73), Tianshui County was renamed as County, which governed Jixian County (now Gangu County) and 13 city (county). The county is under the jurisdiction of Lueyang County and Ji Cheng County in Qin 'an today.
The Three Kingdoms (220-280), the first year of Huang Chu, Wei Wendi (220), the complex Hanyang County was Tianshui County (Jixian County), the Longyou part of Yongzhou was Qin Zhou, and the county belonged to Tianshui County of Qin Zhou. In the second year of Huang Chu (22 1), Guangwei County was separated from Tianshui County, and the county ruled Lin Wei (now southeast of the county). The land of the post-Qin State was moved to Xian Qin County (now northeast of the county). There are three counties in the county, with two counties under its jurisdiction. Qinxian County of Ji Cheng County belongs to Tianshui County of Qin Zhou. Lueyang County belongs to Guangwei County of Qinzhou.
In the Western Jin Dynasty (265-3 17), in the fifth year of Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty (269), Qin Zhou was established in seven counties, including Longyou, Longxi, Nan 'an, Tianshui and Lueyang in Yongzhou, leading six counties and twenty-four counties. Today there are three counties in Qin 'an, and there are two counties under its jurisdiction. Ji Cheng County and xian county (renamed Xianqin County) belong to Tianshui County, Qin Zhou; Lueyang County belongs to Lueyang County of Qin Zhou (Guangwei County was renamed as Lin Wei).
Sixteen countries in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (3 17-420) were in chaos at the end of the Jin Dynasty, with changeable counties. Counties successively belonged to Zhao Qian, Houzhao, Qianqin, Houqin and Xiqin. In the second year of Daxing in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (3 19), the county belonged to Zhao Qian. In the third year of Xian Di (328), the former Zhao was destroyed by the latter Zhao, and the county belonged to the latter Zhao. In the seventh year of Moody Yonghe (35 1), Fu Jian proclaimed himself emperor in Chang 'an and established the pre-Qin Dynasty, and the county belonged to the pre-Qin Dynasty. In 385, ten years after Emperor Xiaowu's reign in Taiyuan, Guo Fu people of Qi established Xiqin, and the county belonged to Xiqin. In the fourth year of Andi Longan (400), the county was occupied by Yao Xing, the master of the later Qin Dynasty. In the 13th year of Andi (4 17), the Qin Dynasty was destroyed by Emperor Wu, and the county was returned to the Eastern Jin Dynasty. In the second year, Xia Lianbo invaded and the county was occupied by Xia. During the Northern and Southern Dynasties (420-589), the Northern Wei Dynasty unified the North, and the county belonged to the Northern Wei Dynasty. In the eighth year of Taiping Zhenjun (447), the new county was merged into Rong 'an for reconstruction, and Lin Wei County was merged into Longcheng County (Lueyang County was renamed). There are three counties in the county, with two counties under its jurisdiction. Ji Cheng County and xian county belong to Tianshui County, Qin Zhou; Longcheng County belongs to Lueyang County and belongs to Rong County (now Longshan Town, Zhangjiachuan County). In the Northern Wei Dynasty, Ji Cheng County was abandoned, and Anyang County was newly established (governing this ancient town), and Anyang County was also established. Anyang County governs Anyang County and Wushui County (now northwest of the county). In the third year of Yong Xixiao (534), the Northern Wei Dynasty split and the county belonged to the Western Wei Dynasty. In the first year of Datong in western Wei Wendi (535), Lueyang County was moved to Longcheng County, which was renamed Lueyang County. In Jiabei Taizhou, Anyang County. Gongdi Datong four years (557), the county belongs to the Northern Zhou Dynasty. The Northern Zhou Dynasty abolished the county-centered county and restored Ji Cheng County, which was subordinate to Lueyang County.
Sui dynasty (581-618). At the beginning of Sui Dynasty, the abandoned county was a state. In the third year of Emperor Wendi (583), Lueyang County was abolished. Lueyang County was renamed Heyang County. In the sixth year (586), the county heart county (that is, the county Qin) was restored, and Heyang County was renamed Longcheng County. In the 18th year (598), Anyang County was abolished and renamed Changchuan County. In the third year of Yang Di Daye (607), the county was revoked and merged with Wushui County to form Changchuan County. At this time, there are three counties in the county and two counties under its jurisdiction. Ji Cheng County and Longcheng County belong to Tianshui County, and Changchuan County belongs to Longxi County. In the ninth year of Daye (6 13), Xue Ju, the commander of Jincheng, proclaimed Tianshui as the emperor, and Xue Ju occupied the county.
In the Tang Dynasty (6 18-907), in the first year of Gaozu Wude (6 18), Xue Ju was razed and the county belonged to the Tang Dynasty. In the early Tang Dynasty, the county was changed to a state, and in the second year of Wude (6 19), Longcheng County was set up in Wen Chou, and 2 counties in L Prefecture were set up in the county. In the eighth year of Wude (625), Wenzhou was changed to Longcheng County, which belonged to Qin Zhou. In the first year of Zhenguan of Emperor Taizong (627), the county was divided into 10 Road (prison area), and the county belonged to Qin Zhou, Longyou Road. In the sixth year of Zhenguan (632), Changchuan County was abolished and merged into Longcheng County. In the 22nd year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (734), due to the earthquake, Qin Zhou moved to Jingqinchuan (now Ye Baochuan) in Ji Cheng County, and due to the invasion of Longshui to the south, Ji Cheng also moved to Xincheng. In the first year of Tianbao (742), Qinzhou changed its jurisdiction to Shangguan, and Qin Zhou to Tianshui County, which governed Ji Cheng, Longcheng, Shangguan, Fuqiang and Qingshui counties. In the first year of Su Zonggan Yuan (758), another water county was Qin Zhou. In the first year of Baoying (762), Longyou was occupied by Tubo, and the county walls were destroyed. People were forced to wear Hu clothes and most of them were enslaved for 87 years. In the third year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (849), the occupied land was returned to the Tang Dynasty. In 863, Xian Tong Emperor Zong Yi abolished Longcheng County. In the second year of Zhao Zongjingfu (893), Qin, Long, Feng, Qi and other countries 15 were occupied by my Fengxiang envoy Li.
In the Five Dynasties (907-960), the former Shu emperor Yongping was in the fifth year (9 15), and the former Shu owner Wang Jian recovered the land occupied by Li, and the county belonged to the former Shu. In the third year of Tongguang in the later Tang Dynasty (925), Li destroyed the former Shu, and the county belonged to the later Tang Dynasty. In the late Tang Dynasty, in the third year of Changxing in the Ming Dynasty (932), Guihua Town was restored to Longcheng County, located in Dongkeyu in the east of Qinzhou (now west of Mapaoquan in Beidao District). Late Tang Dynasty, the third year of Qing Dynasty (936). After the destruction of Shi Jingtang, the later Tang Dynasty was established, and the county belonged to the latter Jin Dynasty. In 946, the Emperor of the Later Jin Dynasty left for three years, and the Khitan destroyed the Later Jin Dynasty. In the second year, the army appointed He Jian to behead the Khitan emissary, surrendered to Shu in Qin, Cheng and Jie, and the counties returned to Shu. In 955, in the second year of Xiande, Chai Rong made a decree to cut Shu, taking four states of Qin, Cheng, Feng and Jie, and the county belonged to the later Zhou Dynasty.
In the Song Dynasty (960- 1279), it was still an attack on the Tang Dynasty, and the whole country was divided into 10. In the third year of Stegosaurus's stay in Song Taizu (962), the county belonged to Qinzhou, Longyou Road, where Wu Xiongjun Festival was located. After Emperor Taizong's peaceful rejuvenation, he moved to Ji Cheng County to govern Shangguan. Tianshui County became a famous county after it was abolished. There is a history of showing pro-Sichuan and attachment to Qin Zhou. In the third year of Emperor Taizong's reign (997), he converted to Taoism, which was divided into government, prefecture, county, army and prison. The county belongs to Shaanxi Road and Qinzhou Wuxiong Army Festival. In the fifth year of Injong (1045), Longcheng Village was established. Yingzong ruled Pingping for four years (1067) and established Jichuan Village (now Tongwei County). In the fifth year of Zong Shenxi Ning (1072), Qinfeng Road and Yongxing Road were separated from Shaanxi Road, and the county belonged to Qinfeng Road and Qinzhou Wuxiong Army Festival. Song Gaozong made a suggestion for four years (1 130), and the county land fell into gold. The ninth year of Shaoxing (1 139) was recovered by the Southern Song Dynasty. In the 12th year of Shaoxing (1 142), Weihe River was taken as the boundary, half of Qin Zhou was given gold, and the county land was given gold. At that time, there was a saying in Qinzhou that "the Han Dynasty was four times and eight times" (those who belonged to the Song Dynasty were called Han and those who belonged to the Jin Dynasty were called Fan). In the second year of Xi (1 142), Qin Feng Road was renamed Xiqin Road. After the Jin people occupied the county seat, Zhai Qin was regarded as Qin 'an City. In the second year of Jin Dynasty (1 157), Qin 'an County (governing Xingguo Town today) was established together with Qin 'an City and Lajiacheng. Qin 'an started as a county name. At the same time, it analyzes Jichuan County. In the twenty-seventh year of Dading in Jin Shizong (1 187), Xiqin Road was renamed Fengxiang Road, Qin Zhou belonged to Fengxiang Road, and Longcheng Village was changed to County. Qin Zhou is in charge of 8 counties including Qin 'an, Longcheng and Jichuan. Qin 'an County is under the jurisdiction of Qin Zhou, Fengxiang Road.
In the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368), provincial books and pipelines were set up to manage states (states) and counties. In the seventh year of Yuan Dynasty (1270), Longcheng County and Jichuan County were merged into Qin 'an County. At this time, Qin Anyuan was originally a county under the jurisdiction of Qin Zhou. In the 18th year of Yuan Dynasty (128 1), Shaanxi and Gansu were divided into two Zhongshu provinces, and Qin 'an County was under the jurisdiction of Qin Zhou, the commander-in-chief of Shaanxi Zhongshu Province. In the second year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1368- 1644), Gongwangfu was in Zhongshu Province, Shaanxi Province, Qin Zhou was in Gongwangfu (now Longxi County), and Qin 'an County was under the jurisdiction of Qin Zhou, Gongwangfu in Zhongshu Province, Shaanxi Province. In the ninth year of Hongwu (1376), Zhongshu Province was changed to the Ministry of Public Affairs, which unified the counties and counties and abolished Gansu Province. Qin 'an County is under the jurisdiction of Qin Zhou, Changgong District, Shaanxi Province.
In the Qing Dynasty (1644-191), in the second year of Kangxi (1663), Shaanxi was divided into left and right deployments, and right deployments were stationed in regular workers. Taian County was under the jurisdiction of Qin Zhou at that time, and the right was deployed in Shaanxi. In the eighth year of Kangxi (1669), Shaanxi and Gansu were divided into provinces, and Qin' an County was under the jurisdiction of Qin Zhou, the provincial capital of Gansu. In the seventh year of Yongzheng (1729), Qin Zhou was promoted to Zhili Prefecture, Qin Zhou and Zhili Gansu, and governed five counties including Qin 'an. In the second year of Guangxu (1876), Qin' an County was subordinate to Qin Zhou, Zhili, Gongqing Street Road, Gansu Province.
During the Republic of China (19 12- 1949), in the second year of the Republic of China (19 13), the Beijing government implemented a two-level system of provinces and counties, with a temporary road system for liaison and supervision. Change Gongqin Street Road to Longnan Road. In the third year of the Republic of China, Longnan Road was changed to Weichuan Road (now Qinzhou District), which governed Qin 'an and other 14 counties. In the Republic of China 16, Nanjing National Government abandoned roads and set up administrative districts, which implemented a two-level system of provinces and counties. Qin 'an County belongs to Weichuan Administrative Region of Gansu Province. In 24 years of the Republic of China, the whole province was divided into seven administrative regions, Tianshui was fourth area, and Qin 'an County was under the jurisdiction of fourth area Administrative Supervision Area of Gansu Province until Qin 'an was liberated.
After liberation, a two-level system of provinces (cities) and counties (cities) was implemented. It also has three levels of institutions: large administrative regions, special zones and districts. 1August 3, 949 After the liberation of Qin 'an County, it was under the jurisdiction of Tianshui Administrative Supervision Zone in Gansu Province. 195 1 year, the administrative supervision area of Tianshui area was renamed as Tianshui area, which governed two counties (cities) such as Qin 'an/kloc-0. In 1955, Tianshui Special Zone was renamed Tianshui Special Zone, which governed three counties (cities) such as Qin 'an County. Tianshui area was renamed Tianshui area in 1969, which governs Qin' an county and other counties 1 1 counties (cities). 1On July 8th, 985, with the approval of the State Council, Tianshui area was abolished, a prefecture-level city was established, and the system of city governing counties was implemented, governing 5 counties and 2 districts including Qin 'an County. From August 1985 to August/2006 1 month, the construction division has not changed.
Te Li (? -303), the word Xuanxiu, was born in Lueyang (now Qin 'an County, Ren Dong). When I was young, I was an official in a county. I am good at riding and shooting, and Shen Yi is also very generous. In the sixth year of Emperor Yuan Kang of Jinhui (296), there was chaos and famine around Kansai. More than 654.38 million refugees from six counties, such as Lueyang and Tianshui, went to Shu for food through Hanzhong, which is one of them. After arriving in Hanzhong, the court forced the refugees to return to their hometown within a time limit, and set up customs on the way home to seize the refugees' property. Te Li has repeatedly asked the refugees to extend the deadline. The refugees were grateful and elected Te Li as the leader. In the first year of Yongning (30 1), 20,000 people gathered in Mianzhu (now Mianzhu County, Sichuan Province) and asked Yizhou Cishiluo to wait until autumn before returning to China. Luo Shang led 30,000 troops to attack, and the ambushed refugees fought back fiercely, and the 8 Jin Army was defeated. So the people of the six counties pushed Te Li as the main force, and the general of Peking University and his brother Li Liu as the general of Hangzhen decided to capture Guanghan (now Guanghan County, Sichuan Province). Then, they attacked Chengdu. The Jin Dynasty sent several troops to attack Te Li. Te Li dispatched troops to fight separately, and Lien Chan continued for many days, which wiped out the 8 Jin Army.
In the first year of Emperor Tai 'an of Jinhui (302), Te Li claimed to be the commander-in-chief of Yizhou Animal Husbandry and the commander-in-chief of Liang Yizhou, the army, the general and the viceroy, and changed the title to the beginning of the year, so he was pardoned at home. Te Li also deployed troops in Piqiao to attack Chengdu. Xu Jian (now Chengdu, Sichuan), the prefect of Shu County, surrendered to the small town and occupied the big city. In the second year of Huidi Taian (303), Luo Shang organized a large number of troops to attack Te Li. On the second day of Lien Chan, Te Li was finally killed because he was outnumbered.
Te Li reigned for two years, and his son Li Xiong arrogantly claimed the title of king, and posthumous title Te Li was the father of King Jing, Emperor Jing and Temple Name.
Li Xiong (272-333), formerly known as Zhong Jun, was the third son of Te Li. When he was young, he was famous for his brave spirit. Every time he returns to his hometown, people of insight attach great importance to him. Te Li led the refugee uprising in Sichuan, and Li Xiong responded positively, and served as a former general in the uprising army. After the sacrifice of Te Li and Li Liu, Li Xiong claimed to be the viceroy, general, Yizhou (now Sichuan) shepherd, and established Yuncheng as its capital. In the first year of Emperor Jinhui of Yongxing (304), the then general Luo Shang sent troops to attack Li Xiong. Li Xiong defeated Luo Shang's attack, occupied Chengdu, arrogated to himself the King of Chengdu, granted amnesty in China, established the name of Jianxing, abolished the laws and regulations of the Western Jin Dynasty, and formulated Chapter 7 of the Constitution. Worship officials such as Taifu, Taibao, Taiwei, Situ, Sikong and Taizai. In the first year of Xiong Xi, Hui Di (306), Li Xiong usurped the throne, changed the country name to Wu Tai, and became the country name. The establishment of People's Republic of China (PRC) has nothing to imitate. Li Xiong actively accepted the opinions of ministers, and its position became more and more consolidated. Therefore, Li Xiong sent troops to attack Hanzhong and Han Jia and Fuling, south of Chengdu, which were all recovered. Yizhou gradually settled down. The Jin Dynasty suggested that Li Xiong cancel his title and enfeoffment his vassal state, but Li Xiong thanked him for not working for the imperial court.
Li Xiong ruled for 30 years. He is generous in nature, simple in criminal law, generous in political affairs and has a great reputation. At that time, there was chaos in the whole country, and only Chengdu, Sichuan, had few wars. So, Li Xiong established a school and a historian, and in his spare time in politics, he still couldn't put it down. According to the people's tax, every year, men in Dina Valley will be welcomed by three people, women will get half discount, and people with epidemic diseases will get half discount. Household transfer silk is only a few feet, and cotton is only two. For a time, there was little service, the people were rich and real, the door was closed, and there was no invasion.
In the eighth year of Xian Di in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (333), Li Xiong died of illness. Be the emperor, and the temple name is the satrap. His son, Li Qi, killed Li Ban and claimed to be the emperor. In the fourth year of Xiankang (338), Li Shou became independent after killing Li and changed his country name to Han.
Li Yuan (566-635) was born in Ji Cheng, Longxi (now north of Qin 'an County). At the age of seven, he attacked Tang Guogong. Li Yuan developed a charming, open-minded, willful and straightforward personality in his youth.
After the establishment of the regime in Sui Dynasty, Li Yuan was successively appointed as the secretariat of Qiaocheng (now Hao County, Anhui Province), Long (now Long County, Shaanxi Province) and Qi (now Fengxiang County, Shaanxi Province). In the early years of Yang Di's great cause, Li Yuan was the magistrate of Xingyang (now Zhengzhou City, Henan Province) and Loufan (now Jingle, Shanxi Province), and was later regarded as a small and medium-sized temple supervisor, Wei and Shao Qing. When Yang Xuangan rebelled, Yang Di appointed Li Yuan as the magistrate of Honghua (now Zhuanglang County, Gansu Province) and was in charge of the right army. He practiced at home and abroad, combining leniency with severity and won the hearts of the people. So, in the 11th year of Daye (6 15), Emperor Yang Di made him the envoy of Xuanwei in Shanxi and Hedong, and in the 13th year (6 17), he was appointed as the garrison in Taiyuan. At this time, the Sui Dynasty was dissolute, corrupt and in constant war. Li Shimin, the son of Tang Gaozu, met a hero in private, recruited a fugitive and prepared to rise up and rebel. Tang gaozu didn't agree at first, but later agreed. He actively organized and developed his strength and stood by for action at any time. In May of the 13th year of the Great Cause, Li Yuan immediately started an uprising, set up a general's office, set up three armed forces, and sent the armies into mourning, which was called the "Volunteers" in history. He personally led 30 thousand troops from Taiyuan to Guanzhong area, and along the way, "opening warehouses to help the poor, echoing far and near." Arriving at Longmen, the Turks began to send 500 troops and 2,000 horses to Liu Wenjing for help, and the team grew day by day. As a result, Tang gaozu crossed the Yellow River and the three generals went straight to Guanzhong. Wherever we pass, we surrender. 1 1 month, Tang Gaozu attacked the capital Chang 'an. Yang Di's grandson You Yang was made emperor, while Yang Di was honored as the emperor's father. He was pardoned at home and changed his name to Yining. Later, Tang Gaozu was named as a fake Huang Yue, and became the military and political prime minister and viceroy inside and outside the festival, and became the prime minister of the Tang Dynasty and the whole country. In the second year (6 18), in May, Li Yuan acceded to the throne as emperor, renamed as Wude, and still built Chang 'an as the capital under the condition of "persuading for hundreds of times, but winning in repeated wars".
After the establishment of the Tang Dynasty, Li Yuan changed the county to state, changed the secretariat to satrap, and implemented the three-level construction of Dao, Zhou and County. Abolish the laws and regulations of the Sui Dynasty. Implement the method of averaging land and adjusting land rent to reduce the burden on farmers and develop production. He also vigorously set up schools and developed education. At the same time, efforts were made to pacify the separatist forces in Longyou, Hebei and Henan and unify the whole country. Tang Gaozu reigned for 9 years and was transferred to his second son, Li Shimin, who claimed to be the emperor's father. Emperor Taizong collapsed in May (635), the ninth year of Zhenguan, and the temple name was Gaozu, Emperor Xiaoguang of posthumous title.
Li Shimin (598-649) was born in Ji Cheng, Longxi (now north of Qin 'an County). Tang Gaozu's second son is clever, brave and ambitious, but he can subdue the corporal. At the end of the Sui Dynasty, peasant uprisings surged all over the country. Li Shimin used money to train scholars and become heroes. In the 13th year of Yang Di's great cause (6 17), Li Yuan set out at the urging of Li Shimin. Li Shimin was appointed right governor and Dunhuang county magistrate. He led the right army from Taiyuan, crossed the Yellow River and headed for Chang 'an. He fought bravely all the way, made outstanding achievements, expanded his team and broke through Chang 'an in one fell swoop. He was the greatest contributor to overthrowing the rule of the Sui Dynasty and establishing the Tang Dynasty. After Tang Gaozu proclaimed himself emperor, he named Li Shimin King of Qin and served as a minister.
In the early Tang Dynasty, in order to eliminate the separatist forces, Li Shimin made another crusade to the east, and the war continued. In a very short time, Xue Shiqiao in Longyou was pacified, Liu Wuzhou in Luoyang was defeated, Wang and Dou Jiande were captured alive, and the whole country was unified. In June of the ninth year of Wude (626), Crown Prince Li and Liu Wang Li Yuanji planned a murder. Therefore, the famous "Xuanwumen Rebellion" in history was launched, which killed Li and Li Yuanji. Tang Gaozu was very surprised, so he made Li Shimin a prince, and he decided all the important affairs of the court. In August, Tang gaozu was transferred to Zhenguan in Li Shimin.
After Li Shimin ascended the throne, taking the demise of the Sui Dynasty as a mirror, he vigorously governed the country and realized the great power of the working people. He often used the relationship between the people and the country to educate courtiers and children to care about the people. He attaches great importance to summing up historical experience and learning from history. He actively taught, listened to suggestions with an open mind, and listened to the different or opposing opinions of courtiers with an open mind. In terms of employing people, he can know people well and do their duty well, and boldly select people of insight. He is not too poor and doesn't care about old grievances. He established a set of imperial examination system, which made the imperial court full of talents and used by heroes all over the world. Therefore, there was a good period of political clarity, social stability and rapid economic production, which was called "Zhenguan rule" in history. He carried out a series of reforms in politics, military affairs and economy. He also actively develops cultural and educational undertakings. Pay special attention to developing inter-ethnic relations and conducting trade and cultural exchanges with them. In the fifteenth year of Zhenguan (64 1), Princess Wencheng was married to Songzan Gambu, the king of Tubo, which made the relationship between Han and Tibetan peoples close. Li Shimin also adopted an open policy, communicating with Asia and Europe through the "Silk Road" and sea passages, which promoted China's economic and cultural prosperity and enhanced China's position in the world.
The Tang Dynasty ruled by Li Shimin was the most prosperous and powerful feudal dynasty in China. In 649, in the twenty-third year of Zhenguan, Li Shimin collapsed and Prince Li Zhi succeeded to the throne. Emperor Xiaoguang of posthumous title, temple name Taizong.
Princess Pingyang, whose ancestral home is Ji Cheng in Longxi (now north of Qin 'an County), is the third daughter of Li Yuan. At the end of Sui Dynasty, Taiyuan left Li Yuan behind to lead the uprising. After hearing the news, Princess Pingyang called her family to discuss it repeatedly, thinking that it was the best policy to wait for Chang 'an or hide in other places. Only by forming a team as soon as possible, supporting her father and husband's great cause in the military and being their daughters and wives a little bit, is this the best policy. So, she rushed to the village where the former residence of Hubei County (now Huxian County, Shaanxi Province) was located to "disperse the family property and recruit desperate people in the mountains" and formed a team of hundreds of people. She carried out strict training for the troops in accordance with the principle of "planning, courage and resourcefulness, and strict management of the army". At the same time, He Panshi led tens of thousands of troops in the Sui Dynasty. He also jointly claimed to be the chief of the Guanzhong Road March, with the magical power of more than 10,000 troops. After the three armies joined forces, they quickly captured the county seat of Hubei County. Forcing Zhouzhi, Wugong and Xingping counties to resolutely obey. Here, the uprising team quickly expanded to more than 70 thousand people. At this time, Tang Gaozu's troops have crossed the Yellow River and quickly advanced to Chang 'an. Princess Pingyang sent someone to meet Tang Gaozu. She led more than 10,000 people to join forces with Li Shimin in the north of Weihe River, and conquered the northwest in one fell swoop, basically eliminating the forces of the Sui Dynasty in Chang 'an, laying the foundation for the establishment of the Tang Dynasty. Since then, Princess Pingyang has stayed in the palace and continued to defend the security of the capital. Her team has strict discipline and tenacious fighting spirit, which has won people's praise. People respectfully call her army "female soldier".
In February of the first year of Wude (623), Princess Pingyang died. In order to mourn this heroic woman, Li Yuan issued an imperial edict, which broke through the funeral of the ancient "female drum". The coffin was escorted by military music, and the flag-raising team, sword-raising team and samurai queue team held a grand funeral on the streets, and was named Zhao.
Li Longji (685-762) was born in Ji Cheng, Longxi (now north of Qin 'an County). Tang Ruizong's third son, Li Dan. He is handsome and burly, brave and decisive, good at riding and shooting, knowledgeable and versatile, especially good at music, calendar and calligraphy. Wu Zetian bowed for three years (687), Li Longji was named King of Chu at the age of three, and he lived for two years (694) and was renamed King of Linzi County. In the first year of Shenlong (705), he was promoted to Wei Qing, and was later appointed as a special bus driver in Luzhou (now Changzhi, Shanxi). At this point, Tang Zhongzong just acceded to the throne, weak and incompetent, and the imperial regime was dominated by Wei Ruyun. Empress Wei was confused for a moment, murdered an old minister in the Tang Dynasty, expelled the prime minister Wei, betrayed her official position, and plunged the court politics into chaos. To this end, Li Longji recruited a group of people, dismissed his official position and returned to the capital, but still secretly called warriors to stand by. In the fourth year of Jinglong (7 10), Wei Ruyun plotted to kill Tang Zhongzong and personally went to court. Li Longji launched a feather army, invaded the palace, killed Wei Ruyun, eliminated the influence of corrupt groups in the imperial court, and made Tang Ruizong acceded to the throne for the second time. After Zong Rui acceded to the throne, he made Li Longji a prince and asked him to intervene in state affairs. In the first year of Yanhe River (7 12), Tang Ruizong gave way to Li Longji as emperor. In the second year, it was changed to Kaiyuan.
From the first year of Kaiyuan (7 13) to the twenty-fourth year of Kaiyuan (736), Li Longji was diligent in political affairs and made great efforts to govern. He knows people well and takes an active part in tutoring activities. The prime ministers he used, including Yao Chong, Song Jing, Zhang Jiuling, etc., all had their own strengths, and they spoke out and made suggestions to remedy the lack of political affairs. In the early years of Kaiyuan, the Yellow River was plagued by locusts every year in the north and south, with thousands of miles of corpses everywhere, soaring prices and political turmoil. Li Longji actively adopted the advice of Prime Minister Yao Chong, broke many superstitions at that time, mobilized the masses to eliminate locusts, and publicly rewarded those who treated locusts, effectively stopping the locust plague. In agricultural production, he encouraged people to attach importance to agriculture and mulberry and actively develop production; In the political system, his shortcomings since the reform of Wu Zetian are "fighting violence with violence to get rid of redundant officials"; He also practiced economy and frugality. Therefore, during this period, the politics was clear, the economy was developed, the scientific and cultural undertakings were prosperous, and outstanding poets, historians, painters, musicians and astronomers were everywhere, forming a world-famous Tang Wenhua, known as the "golden age" in history.
Twenty-four years after Kaiyuan, Li Longji was arrogant, unwilling to handle political affairs by himself, and devoted himself to having fun. He attaches great importance to Li as prime minister and entrusts Li with all political affairs. In addition, Yang Yuhuan entered the palace and was named the imperial concubine, so Li Longji liked him very much. Since then, he has been in a coma in wine and color, and he is also ignorant of politics. After Li's death, Yang was appointed as prime minister, which made politics more corrupt, the economy began to decline, and financial crisis appeared. The imperial court tried every means to search for the people's fat and paste, negotiate rent and levy taxes, and impose exorbitant taxes. In addition, in the capital and the central plains, military equipment is empty, and towns in the northwest and north have mastered heavy troops, forming a situation that the tail is too big to fail. In the 14th year of Emperor Xuanzong Tianbao (755), the "Anshi Rebellion" finally broke out, and Li fled to Shu County for refuge. Crown Prince Jaz Li ascended the throne in Lingwu (now southwest of Lingwu, Ningxia). He rallied, quelled the rebellion and honored Li Longji as the emperor's father. In the third year in Germany (758), Li Longji returned to Chang 'an from Shu County and died of grief. Temple number Xuanzong. From then on, the Tang Dynasty was in a slump and went from bad to worse.