Overview of psychoanalysis theory, when we don't know or know something we encounter, we can use psychoanalysis to solve it. Through the concrete analysis of your own ideas and event types, find the most suitable way out. Next, we will take a concrete look at the overview of psychoanalytic theory.
Overview of psychoanalytic theory 1 psychoanalytic theory is the earliest developed counseling model, which emphasizes the important role of subconscious in behavior and attaches importance to the significance of psychosomatic development in infancy. Some methods and technologies created have made positive contributions. It provides reference for the establishment of many new theories.
However, because this method must be implemented by specially trained consultants, it needs to pay more time and energy to visitors, which limits its popularization; The role of one's own subconscious mind, which overemphasizes the development of infancy, especially the sexual experience of infancy, has limited this theory.
Theoretical framework
In the system of analytical psychology, the mind is regarded as the totality of personality, including all conscious and unconscious thoughts, feelings and behaviors. Jung believes that personality has inherent integrity, and the first thing human beings should do is to protect this integrity and prevent it from falling apart and becoming various independent and conflicting structural systems. Further develop this inherent personality as a whole, so as to achieve the greatest possible differentiation, integration and coordination, and achieve the ultimate spiritual unity.
Jung's view is related to the structure of human mind he discovered. Jung believes that the heart as a whole includes three levels: consciousness, individual unconsciousness and collective unconsciousness, each of which has its own significance and function.
Individual unconsciousness includes all mental activities and all kinds of accidental experiences that are inconsistent with the individualized function of consciousness. It is an autonomous structure-complex, which has its own internal driving force, just like a small personality structure that exists independently in the whole personality, and has a very powerful influence on controlling our thoughts and behaviors.
The collective unconscious consists of instinct and prototype. In the deepest part of the human mind, it is a * * * same foundation that transcends all cultures and consciousness. All conscious and unconscious phenomena originate from the collective unconscious.
An overview of psychoanalytic theory II. The concept of psychoanalysis
However, it has been rarely studied and used by theorists and investors, and it has not been paid attention to or even ignored by theorists and investors. There is no psychoanalytic course in American universities with developed futures industry. However, internationally famous master investors attach great importance to psychoanalysis, such as Bafert and Lynch. Psychoanalysis is an analytical thinking from "market psychology to price".
Its definition is that when the market direction is about to reverse or maintain the critical point of the original direction, the future market direction can be judged by speculating the psychological price positioning of the market dominant force controller, and based on this, analyzing the flow direction of the dominant funds (capital flow). There is no doubt that the general direction of the market determines everything (that is, the flow of funds). It is of great significance to apply psychoanalysis to the futures market, because the futures market is a person-to-person market.
Its participants are "people" and investment institutions controlled by "people", and the flow of funds is reflected by the psychological expectations of participants, so the market direction is controlled by human psychological factors. Looking at it from another angle, that is to say, the capital flow is in the hands of market participants-"people" Capital is controlled by people, so the concentricity of the public has a great influence on the market trend, and sometimes it is even a decisive factor.
The principle of completing an operation with psychoanalysis is that price fluctuation begins with the disunity of public psychological price and the breaking of basic equilibrium. When the market is chaotic, the price will be sought after or suppressed under the influence of a new public psychology until a public price acceptable to the public psychology appears.
At this price, the strength of the long and short sides was basically balanced again, and the market began to basically maintain the consolidation trend again, thus ending a round of rising (falling) market. We make a profit and complete the operation at one time. What we need to grasp is the market direction when the mass psychology reaches a new "* * * knowledge".
As the controller of market direction, "man" has both perceptual mode and rational mode. In the behavior of participating in the market, investors always make buying and selling decisions according to their own subjective judgments and objective fundamental factors, and investors will treat the market with both perceptual and rational modes at the same time. Because of the objective operation or subjective operation, investors have their own opinions, and it is impossible to realize the complete unification of market direction expectations.
It is often seen that investors still have a confused expression on their faces at the moment they place an order, because they simply use an analysis method. It can be seen from the side that market participants are very unstable when placing orders, precisely because of the "occasional conflict" between the first two analysis methods. The reason of price fluctuation can also be said as follows: investors who have two modes at the same time are constantly running in according to their different psychological expectations.
The advantage of psychoanalysis is precisely because it contains both subjective and objective factors, and it is a "fuzzy" analysis method between objective and subjective, perceptual and rational.
Because it has the characteristics of both technical analysis (subjective) and fundamental analysis (objective), in theory, psychoanalysis better integrates the advantages of both, and predicts the market trend with a more neutral and peaceful attitude based on investors' psychological expectations, which improves the accuracy of prediction.
An overview of psychoanalytic theory. What are the psychological research methods?
1, comparison of three methods
Comparison of three research methods
2. Observation method
This is an original psychological research method, which is divided into natural observation, participatory observation, case study and investigation.
Natural observation means that researchers observe' phenomena' in natural scenes in order to obtain the true and natural behavior of subjects. For example, study the psychological impact of disasters such as earthquakes on victims.
Participatory observation means that researchers integrate themselves into the observation object group for observation. This makes up for the limited ability of natural observation to collect some information.
Case method refers to a long-term and comprehensive follow-up study of a single or several subjects by researchers. For example, luria's case study of people with magical memories.
Investigation method is an observation method that collects data with the help of questionnaires and scales, and makes analysis and processing to draw conclusions.
3. Related methods
Correlation method is used to observe and measure the statistical correlation between two or more variables, and determine their correlation strength and direction.
This method provides researchers with a correlation coefficient, which can evaluate and explain in detail the degree of correlation between two or more variables, expressed by R, and the value range is-1 to 1. Absolute value indicates the degree of correlation, symbol indicates the direction, 0 indicates irrelevance,-1 indicates negative correlation, and 1 indicates positive correlation. Commonly used correlation coefficients are Pearson product moment correlation coefficient and Spearman rank correlation coefficient.
In order to make the research results closer to the explanation of causality, the researchers put forward the cross-lag method.
Examples of cross lag method
The two correlation coefficients on the diagonal in the figure are cross-lag correlation coefficients, but this still cannot determine the causal relationship.
4. Experimental method
The experimental method has three basic elements, namely, experimental hypothesis and inference, experimental variables and experimental control.
The first element is experimental hypothesis and inference. The experimental hypothesis should follow the principle of operational definition and be transformed into operational reasoning. For example, the hypothesis that "watching violent TV programs will lead to high aggression" cannot pass the experimental study, and it can be inferred that "the longer children watch violent TV every week, the higher the frequency of attacking their peers in school".
The second element is experimental variables, including independent variables, dependent variables and additional variables. Independent variables are manipulated and controlled by the examiner, which have an influence on the response of the subjects. Dependent variable is the response of the subjects with the change of independent variables.
These two variables should follow the principle of operation definition. For example, to study the influence of fatigue on memory, fatigue is an independent variable, but it is difficult to quantify it in operation and needs to be defined as the amount of time for some kind of physical labor.
For example, if you want to study the readability of a reading, readability is a dependent variable, but it is difficult to measure, which can be defined as the retention of meaningful information after reading.
Additional variables are potential factors and conditions that have nothing to do with the experimental purpose, but affect the dependent variables. They will confuse the influence of independent variables, so they need to be excluded.
The difference between experimental method and observation method and correlation method is that researchers are required to strictly manipulate independent variables and minimize the confusion of additional variables, so as to objectively observe the response of dependent variables to independent variables.
The third element is experimental control, which generally refers to all the work to ensure the accuracy of the experiment, and the most important thing is the control of additional variables.
According to different variables, experimental design can be divided into independent variable design, dependent variable design and additional variable design; According to the perspective of subjects, experimental design can be divided into inter-subject design, intra-subject design and mixed design; According to the number of samples, experimental design can be divided into large sample design and small sample design.