Zhao Kuo is an armchair historical figure. Although Zhao Kuo has been familiar with the art of war since childhood, he can also talk about common sense of military theory in Kan Kan, but he has no actual combat experience. All he knows is that an armchair strategist originates from Historical Records, Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru. Nowadays, people are used to using the idiom "an armchair strategist" to describe empty talk theory, but it can't solve practical problems.

Nominally, China idiom, pinyin is ZH, and historical figure is Zhao Kuo. Although Zhao Kuo has been familiar with the art of war since childhood, he can also talk about common sense of military theory in Kan Kan, but he has no actual combat experience. He only knows that the theoretical basis of the thesis is Historical Records, Lian Po and Biography of Lin Xiangru. Now people are used to using this idiom to describe empty talk theory, but it can't solve practical problems.

During the Warring States Period, there was a general named Zhao She in the State of Zhao, who made meritorious military service and was named Ma Fujun. Zhao She's son is called Zhao Kuo. When he was a child, he studied Sun Tzu's Art of War and talked about fighting soldiers. Zhao Kuo once talked with his father Zhao She about fighting soldiers. Zhao she couldn't refute him, but he didn't say he was good either. Zhao Kuo's mother felt very strange and asked Zhao She why. Zhao She said with great concern: "Fighting is a matter of life and death. Although my son is familiar with the art of war, he has no actual combat experience and will only talk on paper. If he leads the army to fight in the future, I am afraid he will be defeated. "

Later, on one occasion, the State of Qin sent Bai Qi as a general, leading millions of soldiers to crusade against Zhao. Zhao ordered general Lian Po to lead 400,000 troops in Changping. Lian Po knew that Qin Jun's army was huge, and it was difficult to transport grain and grass, which was not conducive to long-term operations. He ordered the Zhao army to take risks and hold on, so that the soldiers retreated without fighting. The armies of Qin and Zhao have been in Changping for a long time, but they still cannot make a breakthrough. They can't do anything in Tian Lei. They are so anxious that they can't get supplies. So, some soldiers offered him a plan and sent people to Zhao to spread rumors, saying that they were not afraid of Lian Po at all, but Zhao Kuo was the most afraid.

The prince of Zhao didn't know what the plan was, so he immediately appointed Zhao Kuo as the general instead of Lian Po. Lin Xiangru and others strongly opposed it, but the prince of Zhao insisted. As soon as Zhao Kuo arrived at the front, he completely changed the military law, rashly appointed officers, and confronted Qin Jun with the theory he had learned from books. As a result, due to his stubbornness, he was ambushed, and all of Zhao's more than 400,000 troops were captured and later killed by design. Zhao was badly hurt and was soon wiped out by Wang Jian, the general of Qin State.