Classification according to the form of pledged subject matter (cargo rights)

According to the form of pledged subject matter (cargo rights), cargo rights pledge business is mainly divided into warehouse receipt pledge and movable property pledge.

chattel pledge means that the debtor or a third party transfers his chattel to the creditor for possession and takes it as the guarantee of creditor's rights. When the debtor fails to perform the debt, the creditor has the right to discount the movable property or give priority to the payment from the auction or sale of the movable property in accordance with the provisions of the Guarantee Law of China. The debtor or the third party specified in the preceding paragraph is the pledger, the creditor is the pledgee, and the transferred movable property is the pledge. Establishment of chattel pledge. To establish chattel pledge, the pledger and the pledgee shall conclude a pledge contract in writing. According to China's Property Law, a pledge contract is a promise contract, and the transfer of the possession of the pledged property is not taken as the effective requirement of the contract.

according to the provisions of the guarantee law, the chattel pledge business refers to the financing method that an enterprise applies for a loan (or handles a bank acceptance bill) from a bank by storing the chattel (including commodities and raw materials) in a warehouse designated or recognized by the bank as a pledge, and the pledge flows under the supervision of the bank.

warehouse receipt pledge refers to the credit business that the pledgor (SME customer) takes the warehouse receipt (warehouse goods list) issued by the logistics enterprise as the pledge guarantee and the bank gives financing. As far as the types of guarantee are concerned, it belongs to the pledge of rights certificates, and the object of pledge is the warehouse receipt, which is the right certificate of real right. The bank's possession of the pledged property is the warehouse receipt endorsed by the pledger and the supervisor at the same time, and the supervisor is the drawer of the warehouse receipt.

Classification according to the time of acquisition of goods rights

Goods right pledge business can be divided into two categories: spot pledge and future goods right pledge according to the time of acquisition of goods rights.

Spot refers to the subject matter that already exists in the commodity society, can be used for trading and exchange and represents a certain value. It includes commodity spot, bulk commodities, spot warehouse receipts and so on. From this extension, the scope of spot is all-encompassing, and almost any item in today's society can be called spot, and everything from food, clothing, housing and transportation is included. Spot market is the most indispensable market in our life and work, and it is also the most profitable and profitable market.

in a narrow sense or professionally speaking, spot is a concept corresponding to futures, which refers to the same object of transactions between buyers and sellers in a specialized market. Unlike futures, spot is the highest form of trade, while futures is the highest form of finance. Spot is the basis of futures, and futures are the sublimation of spot. Without spot as the basis, it is impossible to talk about the smooth trading of futures.

comparison between spot pledge and pledge of future goods rights: the time when the bank obtains the goods rights; the bank's nuclear price pledge contract; the customer's demand for spot pledge; the market value of the pledged goods before lending; the integrity of the customer's inventory funds before lending; the contract purchase price after lending; the cash bottleneck of the customer's prepayment link can be solved only after the goods are delivered within a certain period of time;

The goods rights pledge business can be classified into two categories: independent supervision and export supervision according to different supervision methods.

independent supervision is a pledge mode in which the goods of an enterprise are stored in a warehouse designated or recognized by a bank, and the goods are supervised by the warehouse.

export supervision is a pledge mode in which the warehouse is designated by the financing enterprise and the bank entrusts the cooperative supervisor to enter the warehouse to supervise the goods.

Classification according to different supervision modes

Goods right pledge business can be divided into two categories: static supervision and dynamic supervision according to different supervision modes.

dynamic supervision: in order to meet the daily business needs of enterprises, goods enterprises under dynamic supervision can extract and replace them.

static supervision: goods enterprises under static supervision cannot be extracted and replaced.