1. Third-party payment: represented by Alipay and WeChat payment;
2.P2P Peer-to-Peer Lending: Typical representatives include lufax, Renren Loan, Pleasant Loan and Auction Loan.
3. Investment and financial management: Yu 'ebao, JD Finance, etc. We often use it;
4. Online crowdfunding: It can be understood as public offering or public offering, which refers to the mode of raising project funds from Internet financial users in the form of group purchase and pre-purchase. Taobao and JD.COM e-commerce platforms have crowdfunding sections;
5. Virtual currency: refers to all products that directly transform finance through Internet technology in principle, typically bitcoin.
Third-party payment refers to an electronic payment mode in which an independent institution with certain strength and credit guarantee, with the help of computer communication and information security technology, provides a transaction support platform and establishes a connection between banks and users. In recent years, the rapid development of third-party payment is not limited to the initial Internet payment, but has become a comprehensive payment tool with comprehensive online and offline coverage and richer usage scenarios. Nowadays, third-party payment can be seen in all fields of our daily life, and people are more and more accustomed to using third-party payment platforms for payment.
Alipay and WeChat payment rely on strong user advantages, making it impossible for small companies and products to achieve breakthrough results. This is also the main reason why payment products are monopolized at present. Therefore, the future development direction of the third-party mobile payment platform should focus on the following two aspects.
(1) Identify the positioning of your own payment platform, and all major payment platforms should improve payment security and strengthen payment functions. At the same time, fully tap the advantages of big data, innovate business models, reduce dependence on supporting platforms behind them, and achieve independent development;
(2) The cooperation between the third-party mobile payment platform and commercial banks is greater than competition, so the cooperation with commercial banks should be strengthened to form a mutually beneficial payment industry chain.
Peer-to-peer lending is to develop the traditional lending industry on the Internet with the help of the Internet platform, and provide small loans to other individuals for the purpose of charging certain interest. Its essence is a creditor's market. Through the third-party internet platform, borrowers and lenders can match each other. People who need loans can find people who have the ability to lend and are willing to lend under certain conditions through P2P platform. By sharing a loan amount with other lenders, they can help lenders spread risks and help borrowers choose attractive interest rates from fully compared information. In the whole process of lending, P2P peer-to-peer lending platform plays the role of middleman, and plays a bridge role in information communication and capital flow between borrowers and lenders.
The reasons for the confusion of P2P lending platform are: on the one hand, the overall domestic credit information system lacks effective supervision; On the other hand, it is very difficult for the Internet to assess the repayment ability and willingness of borrowers, and it is necessary to guard against false loan fraud at all times; In addition, the collection of default and overdue users by the Internet is beyond our power.
Therefore, in order to develop P2P peer-to-peer lending well, we must have strong information screening ability, establish a good credit evaluation system for individual merchants or small and micro enterprises, and screen borrowers with good credit for willing lenders, thus reducing the credit risk of P2P online lending.
Financial management mainly refers to the behavior of investors to manage and distribute the assets of individuals, families and enterprises by reasonably arranging funds and using investment and financial management tools such as savings, bonds, funds, stocks and insurance, so as to achieve the purpose of maintaining and increasing value.
Diversified internet financial products have entered the public's field of vision, and traditional financial management has gradually been replaced by internet financial management, becoming the main way of national financial management. The reasons are as follows: firstly, the concept of financial management is gradually popularized by the public, and the scale of public financial management is also growing; Second, the advantages of internet financial management, high income, low risk, convenience, H.
Although Internet financial management is developing rapidly, the risks should not be underestimated. Due to the low threshold of the Internet financial market, the overall quality of users is uneven, the market supervision system is not perfect, and illegal events such as running away and closing down often break out, leading to constant industry disputes. Therefore, investors should choose a formal, bankable and stable platform to pursue reasonable returns within their own risk tolerance.
However, in order to promote the healthy development of the internet finance industry, in recent years, the national government has begun to vigorously rectify and promote the legitimate development of internet finance. It can be predicted that the obvious crowding-out effect brought by strong supervision will eliminate many non-compliant platforms, return the industry's rate of return to a reasonable level, and further standardize the development of the Internet wealth management industry, and the prospects are still expected.
Crowdfunding, also known as mass financing, refers to the mode of raising funds for projects through group purchase or pre-purchase on the Internet. Using Internet communication channels, small enterprises or individuals can face the public through crowdfunding, show their creativity, win everyone's support and get financial assistance. Compared with traditional financing methods, crowdfunding is more open, and the commercial value of the project is no longer the only criterion for obtaining funds. Let anyone with ideas and creativity get the first fund for the start of the project through crowdfunding, providing unlimited possibilities for more entrepreneurs.
Since 20 13, a number of entrepreneurial service platforms in seed stage and angel stage, represented by venture capital circle and angel exchange, have entered people's field of vision in the mode of' public investment' and accepted the original intention of crowdfunding well. However, compared with the lively P2P, the crowdfunding industry seems to be somewhat cold in recent years. This is mainly because the domestic regulations on public fund-raising are unclear, and it is easy to step on the red line of illegal fund-raising; And the difficulty of judging the pros and cons of crowdfunding projects and the uncertainty of the rate of return. As a result, investors' willingness to invest is low, the amount involved is relatively small, and a certain customer scale cannot be formed.
As the carrier of virtual currency, virtual currency came into being after the existence of the Internet. The biggest feature of virtual currency, which is different from real currency, is that it circulates in the virtual network, and at the same time it has its own specific monetary value. This feature makes the value of virtual currency in the network system limited, which is different from the widespread circulation and use of real money in the real society. In a sense, virtual currency is more subversive than any form of internet finance in the past.
With the gradual deepening of the integration of "Internet" with production, consumption and other fields, the circulation scope of virtual currency is further expanded, the monetary characteristics of the universal equivalent of virtual currency are strengthened, and the monetary function of virtual currency is gradually improved; At the same time, due to the low circulation cost of virtual currency, publishers and consumers
The willingness to use virtual currency is strengthened, which makes the scale of virtual currency increase continuously. According to statistics, the annual scale of virtual currency in China has reached several billion yuan, and it is still growing at the rate of 15%-20% every year.
Under the background of "Internet", virtual currency is bound to usher in a more rapid development, and the scope of use of virtual currency will become wider and wider, which will bring an influence that cannot be ignored in all aspects to the whole society. However, in this process, security problems have followed, and virtual currency has been stolen frequently. This requires us to master the knowledge and skills to avoid disasters as much as possible. At the same time, the state should strengthen the regulation and supervision of online virtual currency to form a more mature and perfect system to ensure its long-term stable development. Only in this way can we become the beneficiaries of the Internet finance era.
In addition, Internet financial products include funds, insurance and securities. This paper only roughly analyzes the individual businesses of Internet finance. If there is anything wrong, please criticize and correct me!
Related Q&A: The earliest Internet financial products? This is the earliest form of internet finance that cut into people's lives, such as the initial online banking of major banks, the subsequent online trading, the subsequent online financial product purchase, and the online insurance of insurance. These early forms are the basic forms of Internet finance.
Related Q&A: What kinds of wealth management products are sold by Internet financial platforms? The wealth management products that ordinary people can access are mainly investing in three types of assets: cash, equity and creditor's rights.
1. Cash wealth management products.
Cash products are mainly invested in the money market, with high security and flexible access.
1, money fund, annualized rate of return 2% ~ 3.5%.
For example, a money fund like Yu 'ebao has low risk and convenient access, and is suitable for managing change. You can put the money you may need at any time in it.
Now Yu 'ebao has also cancelled the limit, that is, the income is getting lower and lower.
You can go to Alipay channel to search for "money", and you can find many money funds with higher income than Yu 'ebao. Just choose one with a higher income. Don't worry about risk, the risk of money fund is extremely low.
2, the bank's current products, annualized rate of return 3.5 ~ 4%.
In recent years, some joint-stock banks and private banks have great ideas about the innovation of demand products, and have achieved a rate of return on demand deposits of 3.5-4%.
Similar products can be seen in Xiaomi Finance and Jingdong Finance.
The income of such products is higher than that of money funds.
Moreover, we have a deposit guarantee system, even if the bank goes bankrupt, the money will be saved to help you out, not afraid of not getting it back. The IMF cannot do this.
So you can buy products like this at present.
Second, equity products.
Equity funds, such equity products are relatively risky, and the main risk comes from the fluctuation of stock prices.
Equity funds are less risky than buying stocks directly, because they invest in a basket of stocks, such as the Shanghai and Shenzhen 300 Index Fund, which is equivalent to investing in the stocks of 300 high-quality listed companies at one time.
Compared with investing in a stock, the risk is highly dispersed, so the fluctuation will be much smaller than that of a single stock.
However, compared with bond funds and money funds, the risk of equity funds is still much greater.
I personally recommend index funds to make long-term fixed investment to reduce risks.
Set aside some money that will not be used in the next 3-5 years, make a good plan for 3-5 years, and buy low-valued broad-based index funds at a fixed monthly interest rate.
For example, the CSI 500 is now in an undervalued area, and it is good to automatically cross out a part of the monthly salary to make a fixed investment.
If you catch up with the market downturn, there will be a risk of loss in the short term. However, if the fixed investment time of the fund is prolonged, there is a high probability of making money, and the long-term annualized income can reach 10% ~ 20%.
Third, creditor's rights products.
Such common products are government bonds and bond funds.
National debt means that the state borrows money from you and repays the principal and interest at maturity.
Bond funds mainly invest in corporate bonds and government bonds. The risk of default is relatively small. Its risk is mainly credit risk. Generally speaking, the country's debt default is extremely rare. It is common for enterprises to run poorly and not pay their debts.
Therefore, when investing in such products, we should pay attention to distinguish the qualifications and strength of borrowing enterprises. If you are not sure about this yourself, you can try to invest in pure debt funds and short-term debt funds. These two kinds of bond funds have relatively low risks.
Or buy government bonds directly, although the income is the lowest, but it is also the safest.
Theoretically, the risk is a little bigger than that of the money fund.
Of course, the yield of bond funds fluctuates, and most of them do not exceed 1% in a single day. There may be losses in the short term, but in the long run, the income is relatively stable, two or three points higher than that of the money fund.
Bond fund is recognized as a fund suitable for medium and long-term asset allocation.
In fact, there is also a kind of creditor's rights products, namely P2P products. P2P products are essentially a kind of high-yield debt, because the borrower's credit rating is not high, and the possibility of not paying back the money is a bit high.
Therefore, lending him money is actually very risky. What can we do? You can only pay high interest in exchange for others to take the risk of lending him money.
So we can see that the revenue of many P2P products can reach 10% or even higher.
But I don't recommend ordinary people to touch P2P investment for the time being, because the logic of the whole industry has been greatly deviated. Up to now, systemic risks still exist, and many standards we use to judge the quality of the platform have failed.
For ordinary people, it is right not to touch.