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I. Brief introduction of crude oil:
1, crude oil is oil, also known as black gold, which is a viscous dark brown (sometimes a little green) liquid. It is a substance that has just been refined from oil and has not been refined or processed. There are oil reserves in some parts of the upper crust. It is composed of different hydrocarbons, and the main component is alkanes. In addition, petroleum also contains sulfur, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, vanadium and other elements. However, the oil composition and appearance of different oil fields may be very different.
2. Traditionally, crude oil is called crude oil, which is a dark brown or dark green viscous liquid or semi-solid combustible substance composed of various hydrocarbons. There are oil reserves in some parts of the upper crust. It is composed of different hydrocarbons, and the main component is alkanes. In addition, petroleum also contains sulfur, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, vanadium and other elements. Soluble in many organic solvents, insoluble in water, but can form emulsion with water. It is divided into light crude oil, medium crude oil and heavy crude oil according to the density range. However, the oil composition and appearance of different oil fields may be very different. Petroleum is mainly used as fuel oil and gasoline, which constitute one of the most important primary energy sources in the world at present.
3. Petroleum is also the raw material of many chemical industrial products, such as solvents, fertilizers, pesticides and plastics. Crude oil is a dark brown flowing or semi-flowing viscous liquid, which is slightly lighter than water and is a very complicated mixture. As far as its chemical elements are concerned, it is mainly a variety of hydrocarbons composed of carbon and hydrogen. Hydrocarbons? . In crude oil, carbon accounts for 83%-87%, hydrogen accounts for11%-kloc-0/4%, and other impurities are sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen and metals. Although the basic elements of crude oil are similar, the natural crude oil mined from underground reflects many kinds of crude oil in different producing areas and different strata, and its physical properties are very different.