Gross domestic product.

GNP gross national product.

Consumer price index.

Producer price index.

Net national product.

NI national income.

The calculation of import price index is based on CIF, and the calculation of export price index is based on FOB.

Economic indexes mainly include commodity index and stock market index. International commodity index not only has strong influence in commodity futures market and securities market, but also provides early warning signal for macroeconomic regulation and control. It is found that commodity indexes are mostly ahead of CPI and PPI.

The trend of commodity index is highly correlated with the trend of macro-economy. When the economy enters the growth period, the commodity index will go out of the bull market; When the economy enters the contraction period, it is accompanied by a bear market of commodity indexes. From this perspective, the trend of commodity index has become a microcosm of macroeconomic trends.

Interpretation of English abbreviations of common economic indicators;

1.CPI (English full name): consumer price index.

It is a price change index that reflects the prices of consumer goods and services related to residents' lives. It is usually used as an important indicator to observe the level of inflation. If the index falls _ reflecting the economic recession _ it is bound to be unfavorable to the currency exchange rate trend. But if the consumer price index rises, will the exchange rate be favorable? Not necessarily. It depends on the "increase" of the consumer price index. If the index rises moderately, it means that the economy is stable and upward, which is of course beneficial to the country's currency, but if the index rises too much, it will have a negative impact, because the price index is inversely proportional to the purchasing power. The more expensive the price, the lower the purchasing power of the currency, which is bound to be unfavorable to the country's currency.

The calculation formula of CPI is CPI- (the value of a group of fixed commodities calculated at current prices) divided by (the value of a group of fixed commodities calculated at base prices > multiplied by 100%. What CPI tells people is that the average family spends more money on a representative group of goods today than at some time in the past. For example, if in 2006, an ordinary family in China spent 800 yuan on a group of goods every month, and in 2007, the cost of buying this group of goods was 1000 yuan, then, China spent 200? In 2006, the consumer price index was (based on 2006) =1000/800 *100% =125% _ which means an increase of 25%. Generally speaking, when CPI> is called inflation, it is inflation _ and when CPI >; 5% increase, we call it serious inflation, which means serious inflation.

According to the CPI data released by the National Bureau of Statistics, China's CPI growth rate has been higher than 3% since May 2007, and reached a peak of 8.7% in February 2008 (many people think that snowstorm, Spring Festival and other factors are the main factors leading to the continuous increase of CPI in February). Under the national macro-control measures, the CPI growth rate gradually declined in the second half of this year, reaching 2.4% in June165438+1October, which means life. When the cost of living goes up, the value of your money will go down.

2.PPI (producer price index): producer price index.

It is an indicator of the trend and degree of the ex-factory price change of Hengli industrial enterprises, an important economic indicator reflecting the price change in the production field in a certain period, and an important basis for formulating relevant economic policies and national economic accounting. At present, there are more than 4,000 PPI survey products in China (including more than 9,500 specifications), covering all 39 industrial categories and involving 186 survey categories. The main purpose of producer price index is to balance the price changes of various commodities in different production stages. Generally speaking, the production of goods is divided into three stages: first, the completion stage: the goods are not processed at this point; Second, the intermediate stage: the goods still need further processing; Third, the original stage: the goods have not been processed at all.

The rise of producer price index reflects the rise of producer price. Accordingly, the increase of producers' production costs will inevitably be transferred to consumers, leading to an increase in CPI. Producer price index (PPI) is a potential indicator of Hengli inflation. According to the law of price transmission, PPI has certain influence on CPI. PPI reflects the price level of production, while CPI reflects the price level of consumption. Generally, the fluctuation of the overall price level first appears in the production field, then spreads to the downstream industries through the industrial chain, and finally affects consumer goods. The industrial chain can be divided into two parts: one is the production with industrial products as raw materials, and the conduction of raw materials → means of production → means of subsistence. The other is the production with agricultural products as raw materials, with the transmission of agricultural means of production → agricultural products → food.

3.GDP "GDP": GDP.

It refers to the total value of final products and services provided by all permanent units of a country in a certain period of time, and is a representative index of a country's comprehensive economic strength in Hengli. The so-called permanent unit refers to an economic unit that has a certain production place and engages in a certain scale of economic activities within the national economic map.

There are three accounting methods for China's GDP, which reflect GDP and its composition from different aspects, and the accounting results are the same.