Palladium is a member of the platinum group, silvery white, with the symbol Pd, and its specific gravity is 12. It is lighter and more malleable than platinum, slightly harder than platinum, and insoluble in organic acids, cold sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid. But soluble in nitric acid and aqua regia. Under normal circumstances, it is not easy to oxidize and lose luster. Oxides will be produced on the surface around 400℃, but when the temperature rises to 900℃, the luster will be restored. At present, palladium is cheaper than platinum, and platinum is used alone in jewelry industry or as a component of gold, silver and platinum alloys. Ruthenium is sometimes added to increase its hardness. Common gold in the market, palladium's K gold and platinum-palladium alloy.
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Palladium is similar to platinum in color and appearance, and has metallic luster. Melting point 1555℃, hardness 4-4.5, relative density 12. Lighter than platinum, with strong ductility and slightly harder hardness. Chemical properties are relatively stable, insoluble in organic acids, cold sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid, soluble in nitric acid and aqua regia, and will not be oxidized and tarnished in the air under normal circumstances.
Palladium is relatively stable and can resist acid corrosion. Palladium has almost no impurities and its purity is extremely high. The purity of palladium is also very suitable for skin, because unlike other metals, palladium does not have allergic reactions to skin. The international jewelry industry began to process palladium and platinum for jewelry and decorative works of art, and gradually formed a fashion trend.
The seal of palladium and platinum jewelry in the world is or, expressed by a few thousandths of purity. For example, the purity of pd900 is 900%, and the specifications of PD platinum jewelry are pd 1000, pd950 and pd850. Palladium products of jewelry enjoy the same quality after-sales service as platinum.
Platinum:
Also known as pure white gold, positive platinum or true platinum. But these names are unreasonable and easily confused with platinum. Its symbol is Pt, silvery white, its specific gravity is 2 1.35, its melting point is 1.700℃, its Mohs hardness is 4-4.5 degrees, its chemical properties are stable, and it is not corroded by acid and alkali except aqua regia.
Pure platinum is relatively soft, and the addition of metals such as ruthenium, rhodium and palladium will increase its hardness. South American Indians made platinum jewelry as early as15th century, and Europeans didn't use it until after the middle of19th century. At present, Japan is the largest consumer of platinum.