This poem is ingenious, well-organized and well-organized According to its poetic process, it can be divided into three sections. The first five sentences are the first paragraph, depicting the Yangtze River and its unique roads, which is a summary of the content of this painting. "The mountains are grey and the water is boundless", which shows that the mountains are grey and the water is boundless. It is pointed out that this is a turquoise plain landscape with a broad and spacious picture. Su Shi said that "Dagushan and Xiaogushan" are both in the "middle of the river", indicating that Li Sixun did not necessarily draw Dagushan and Xiaogushan, but that Su Shi felt that the shapes and positions of these two isolated islands were similar to those of Dagushan and Xiaogushan, so he imagined them as Dagushan and Xiaogushan, thus developing the artistic conception of the poem and laying the groundwork for the wonderful ending of the poem. The two sentences "Cliff Collapse" specifically describe the "isolated island", that is, the isolated mountain, which is the center of the picture. These two mountains are surrounded by water, with steep mountains and dense jungles. The towering trees stand like giant columns and go straight into the sky. Lessing, a German literary theorist, said in his book laocoon-On the Boundary between Painting and Poetry: "Poetry depicts the object and only implies it through movement. The poet's trick is to portray what can be regarded as movement. " Su Shi is good at poetry and painting, and he deeply understands their artistic strengths and limitations. Therefore, his description of these two islands on the Yangtze River is not a static description, but a hint and display through movement. "Cliff collapse" refers to the collapse caused by the steep cliff; "The Road is Broken", which is about the stone rolling down and blocking the road; "Apes and Birds Go" is about apes and birds scattered in panic and disappearing into the depths of the jungle. The verb "fu" also endows the quiet trees with the dynamics and momentum of piercing the sky. There are no apes and birds in the picture, but the poet wrote "the apes and birds are gone" instead of "no apes and birds", as if he had seen them escape into the dense forest with his own eyes. This is the poet's imagination and a wonderful pen out of nothing.

"Where did the boat come from?" The following four sentences are the second paragraph, describing the boat in the picture. This humble boat occupies the center of the poem in Su Shi's works. He first used a question to attract the reader's attention, and then repeatedly described and rendered it with a wonderful pen. The "passenger ship" said, where did this passenger ship come from? The songs sung by the boatman when rowing are sometimes cadenced on the river. Qiu Chi, a poet of the Southern Liang Dynasty, wrote a poem "Ode to the Middle Stream" in Fa Yu Pu. Su Shi removed the word "law" and added the word "silence", and this repressed song echoed in the readers' ears. In the sentence "the sand is flat and the wind is soft", the poet seems to be in a painting, boarding a passenger ship and looking around: the sand bank is flat, the river wind is gentle, and the prospect on the river is endless. When Jiang Bo falls together, the poet looks at the lonely mountain in the river, and also rises and falls with the ship, leaning down and leaning back. In June of the fourth year of Xining (107 1), Su Shi wrote down the first seven laws: "The first time I saw Hu Aishan in Yingkou, it was the day when I arrived in Shouzhou", the fourth sentence was "The castle peak boat was low for a long time" and the seventh sentence was "The waves were calm and the wind was soft, but I couldn't see it". Su Shi used these two sentences repeatedly in this poem, and only changed the words "sand" and "loneliness" from top to bottom. It can be seen that this is the poet's personal experience of seeing the mountains on the boat, which shows that people have some feelings on the boat, but no one has ever conveyed the interest of this scene in poetry. People, boats and mountains are low together, and they have been low for a long time. How fresh and wonderful this dynamic is, with a sense of melody and rhythm, full of fun. Su Shi vividly described it in only seven words: "Lonely mountain for a long time, low boat". It's really brilliant. Everyone writes it. Painting is a kind of visual art, and the scene drawn by the painter on paper with color, pen and ink and lines can be directly seen by the reader's eyes. Therefore, the distinctiveness and intuition of painting images are incomparable to poetry with language symbols as the performance medium. But people's feelings are varied, and the most important aesthetic feeling is sight and hearing. Painting can only express vision, but not hearing, touch, taste and smell. Painting is a kind of space art, and a painting can only describe the instantaneous scene in a space. Poetry is a time art of flexible combination space. It is not suitable for describing still life, but it can freely express continuous actions in time with language. In this poem, readers see Su Shi's ability to master the mystery of poetry and painting. He first used "singing" to add melodious songs that were not found in the painting, and then used "lonely mountain for a long time and low boat" to express the enduring trend, giving full play to the specialty of poetry in reproducing the painting.

The scenery on the screen has been written, and the silent static picture scroll has been transformed into a dynamic poetic scene with sound. According to the general practice of painting poems, the poet can praise the scenery in the painting, but also comment on the painter and painting, and the poem can be successfully concluded. The great poet Su Shi found another way and gave birth to a wise heart. He wrote the third paragraph of the poem with folklore about the lonely mountain, which opened up a new realm of romance and humor. Ouyang Xiu's Record of Returning to the Field contains two volumes: "There are isolated mountains in the south of the Yangtze River, and there is suspicion of independence, and the secularization of' loneliness' is called' aunt'. There is a stone rock by the river called Penglangji, which later became Penglangji. Langzhe, Xiao Gu also. " These four poems say: isolated mountains and valleys, surrounded by water mist, are like the towering bun of two women. Look, they are combing their new makeup according to the mirror-clear river in the morning. Businessmen on board should not be too frivolous. The beautiful sister-in-law has long been attached to her heart. She married the handsome Lang Peng the year before last. In the first two sentences, the poet compared the peaks of two mountains with a woman's bun, compared water with a mirror, and described the two mountains in the river with a woman dressing in front of the mirror in the morning. At the end of the two sentences, metaphor, personification, homophonic pun and other expressions are combined in one furnace. The play is homophonic according to the folk story of her sister-in-law marrying Lang Peng. Therefore, the poet's picturesque praise for the motherland and his high praise for Li Sixun's paintings are naturally revealed implicitly and humorously. Judging from the creation of poetic artistic conception, the third paragraph of the poem is constructed through imagination on the basis of the first two paragraphs of realism. E-E Two Smokers, Sister-in-law and Big Orphan and Little Orphan echo each other from beginning to end: Jia Ke on the boat also follows the Guest Boat from top to bottom, making the artistic conception of the poem complete and muddy.

In this poem, Su Shi also gave full play to the language rhythm and musical beauty of the poem. Seven words and eight sentences, five words and three sentences, three words and two sentences. There are two three sentences at the beginning, and the last two paragraphs start with one or two five sentences, which makes the poem have a lively flavor of folk songs, and it is also a common style of seven-character songs with seven sentences and three or five sentences interspersed. Through the first bet, the voice is clear and the voice is clear. In such sentences as Cliff Collapse, Road Collapse and Sharuan, the poet deliberately uses overlapping words such as Cang Cang, Boundless, E, E, and conjunctions and antitheses such as suppression, inferiority and madness, and repeats such words as "big orphan and small orphan", "lonely mountain" and "sister-in-law". This just echoes the scene of the passenger ship swaying and the mountain ship pitching, which makes the beauty of poetry and music perfectly unified. Fang Shudong, A Qing Dynasty's "Zhao Wei Zhan Yan": "God is full of gas and turns empty."

Ji Yun commented on Su Shi in the Qing Dynasty (Volume 17): "I am interested" ... "The last two sentences are tasteless and tasteless, just like the common words in the market, which are not suitable for elegance."

Poems with the Garden by Yuan Mei in Qing Dynasty (Volume 16): "Sister-in-law marries Lang Peng", and Dongpo's poems are also harmonious. However, it is also interesting to sit down and tell the truth. "

A Qing dynasty Weng Fanggang's Zhou Shi Shi Hua (Volume 3): "Sister-in-law is on the mountain of' sinking with the boat'. If she doesn't try to slap the black words, how can she appear? " The situation is extremely ready-made, extremely natural and lingering, and the lights are flickering and becoming more and more wonderful. "