Refining metal needs a lot of energy, including oil, so it is very influential.
Noun explanation:
nonferrous metal
Non-ferrous metals in a narrow sense, also known as non-ferrous metals, are the general names of all metals except iron, manganese and chromium.
Nonferrous metals in a broad sense also include nonferrous alloys. Non-ferrous alloy is an alloy with non-ferrous metal as the matrix (usually more than 50%) and one or several other elements added.
Nonferrous metals usually refer to all metals except iron (sometimes including manganese and chromium) and iron-based alloys. Nonferrous metals can be divided into heavy metals (such as copper, lead and zinc), light metals (such as aluminum and magnesium), precious metals (such as gold, silver and platinum) and rare metals (such as tungsten, molybdenum, germanium, lithium, lanthanum and uranium).
Classification introduction
heavy metal
Generally, the density is above 4.5g/cm3, such as copper, lead and zinc.
light metal
Low density (0.53 ~ 4.5g/cm3) and active chemical properties, such as aluminum and magnesium.
precious metal
There are few contents in the crust, which are difficult to extract, high in price, high in density and stable in chemical properties, such as gold, silver and platinum;
rare metals
Such as tungsten, molybdenum, germanium, lithium, lanthanum and uranium.
Nonferrous metals refer to all metals except iron, chromium and manganese. China listed iron, chromium and manganese as ferrous metals in 1958; 64 kinds of metals except iron, chromium and manganese are classified as non-ferrous metals. These 64 kinds of nonferrous metals include: aluminum, magnesium, potassium, sodium, calcium, strontium, barium, copper, lead, zinc, tin, cobalt, nickel, antimony, mercury, cadmium, bismuth, gold, silver, platinum, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, beryllium, lithium and osmium.
Featured introduction
Generally, non-ferrous alloys have higher strength and hardness, higher resistance and lower temperature coefficient of resistance than pure metals, and have good comprehensive mechanical properties. Commonly used non-ferrous alloys include aluminum alloy, copper alloy, magnesium alloy, nickel alloy, tin alloy, tantalum alloy, titanium alloy, zinc alloy, molybdenum alloy, zirconium alloy and so on.
applied range
A: Copper in nonferrous metals is one of the earliest metal materials used by human beings. In modern times, non-ferrous metals and their alloys have become indispensable structural and functional materials in the fields of machinery manufacturing, construction, electronic industry, aerospace, nuclear energy utilization and so on.
B: In practical application, nonferrous metals are usually divided into five categories:
1. Light metal
The density is less than 4500kg/m3, such as aluminum, magnesium, potassium, sodium, calcium, strontium and barium.
2. Heavy metals
The density is more than 4500kg/m3, such as copper, nickel, cobalt, lead, zinc, tin, antimony, bismuth, cadmium and mercury.
3. Precious metals
It is more expensive than common metals, with low crustal abundance and difficult purification, such as gold, silver and platinum group metals.