Securities are a collective term for a variety of economic rights and interests certificates, and also refer to specialized types of products. They are legal certificates used to prove certain specific rights and interests enjoyed by the ticket holder. It mainly includes capital securities, currency securities and commodity securities. Securities in a narrow sense mainly refer to securities products in the securities market, including equity market products such as stocks, debt market products such as bonds, and derivative market products such as stock futures, options, interest rate futures, etc.
According to their different nature, securities can be divided into three categories: evidence securities, certificate securities and marketable securities. Evidence securities are simply written documents that prove a fact, such as letters of credit, evidence, bills of lading, etc.; certificate securities refer to the identification of the holder as the legal right holder of a certain private right and the certification that the obligations performed by the holder are valid. Written supporting documents, such as deposit slips, etc.
Basic characteristics of securities:
Securities are essentially civil rights with property attributes. The characteristic of securities is that civil rights are expressed in securities, so that rights and securities are combined, and rights are embodied as Securities, that is, the securitization of rights. It is a legal phenomenon in which the right holder's method and process of exercising his rights is expressed in the form of securities, a social phenomenon that symbolizes the investor's investment property, and a sign and result of developed social credit.
1. Securities are certificates of property rights.
Securities represent rights certificates with property value. In modern society, people are no longer satisfied with the direct possession, use, income and disposal of wealth, but pay more attention to the ultimate dominance and control of wealth. Securities, a new form of property, emerged as the times require. Holding a security means that the holder has control over the property represented by the security, but this control is not direct control, but indirect control.
2. Securities are negotiable certificates of rights.
The vitality of securities lies in the liquidity of securities. Traditional civil rights have always faced many obstacles in the transfer. As far as civil property rights are concerned, since it does not involve personality and identity, its transfer is not indispensable in nature, but its transfer is a complex civil act.
3. Securities are income-generating rights certificates. What don’t you understand? (9丶3丶0丶1丶5丶8丶1丶9丶4) Understand!
The ultimate goal of security holders is to obtain income, which is the direct motivation for security holders to invest in securities. On the one hand, the security itself is a property right, reflecting specific property rights. The security holder can obtain income by exercising this property right, such as dividend income (stocks) or interest income (bonds); on the other hand, , security holders can obtain income by transferring securities, such as buying at low prices and selling at high prices in the secondary market. Securities holders can obtain income through price differences, especially speculative income.
4. Securities are certificates of risk rights.
The risk of securities is reflected in the possibility that investors will not be able to obtain expected income or even suffer losses due to changes in the securities market or the issuer's reasons. The risks and returns of securities investments are related. In the actual market, there are risks in any securities investment activities, and there is no investment that completely avoids risks.