( 1)2hcl+na 2 B4 o 7+5H2O = = 2nacl+4h3o 3

(2)2H+ + B4O72- + 5H2O == 4H3BO3

(3)na 2 B4 o 7+2 HCl+5H2O = = 4 h3bo 3+2 NaCl

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First, borax

1, borax, commonly known as Na2B4O7 10H2O, is a very important boron-containing mineral and boron compound. It is usually a white powder containing colorless crystals, which is easily soluble in water. Borax has a wide range of uses and can be used as boron compounds such as detergents, cosmetics, pesticides and buffer solutions. Commercially available borax is usually partially weathered. Borax is highly toxic and banned as a food additive all over the world. If the human body ingests too much boron, it will cause cumulative poisoning of multiple organs.

2. Physical and chemical properties

Industrial borax is generally written as Na2B4O7 10H2O, but its molecular formula is Na2B4 O5 (OH) 4 8H2O ... The structure of anion is composed of two BO4 tetrahedrons and two BO3 units, namely tetraborate ions.

3. Colorless translucent crystal or white crystalline powder. Tasteless and salty. Specific gravity 1.73. At 350-400℃, all the crystalline water disappeared. Soluble in water and glycerol, slightly soluble in alcohol. The aqueous solution is strongly alkaline. Borax can be weathered slowly in the air. When it melts, it becomes a colorless glassy substance, and metal oxides dissolve in the melt, showing their own characteristic colors, which are used as borax bead tests in qualitative analysis;

Na2B4O7+CoO=2NaBO2+Co(BO2)2 (blue gem)

Two. muriatic acid

1, hydrochloric acid (IUPAC name: chloroalkane [1]) is hydrogen chloride (English: hydrochloric acid; Chemical formula: HCl) aqueous solution, also known as hydrochloric acid [2], belongs to monobasic inorganic strong acid and is widely used in industry. Hydrochloric acid is a colorless and transparent liquid with strong pungent smell and strong corrosiveness. Concentrated hydrochloric acid (about 37% by mass) is very volatile, so when the container containing concentrated hydrochloric acid is opened, hydrogen chloride gas will volatilize and combine with water vapor in the air to generate droplets of hydrochloric acid, forming acid mist above the bottle mouth. Hydrochloric acid is the main component of gastric acid, which can promote food digestion and resist microbial infection.

2./Kloc-In the 6th century, Ribavius officially recorded the preparation method of pure hydrochloric acid: mixing concentrated sulfuric acid with salt and heating [3]. Later, chemists like Glaub, priestley and David also used hydrochloric acid in their research.

3. During the industrial revolution, large-scale production of hydrochloric acid began. In the chemical industry, hydrochloric acid has many important applications and plays a decisive role in the quality of products. Hydrochloric acid can be used for pickling steel [5], and it is also a chemical reagent for preparing many inorganic and organic compounds [6][7], such as vinyl chloride, the precursor of PVC plastics. Hydrochloric acid also has many small-scale uses, such as household cleaning, production of gelatin and other food additives, detergents and leather processing. The world produces about 20 million tons of hydrochloric acid every year.

4.20 17,17127 October, the list of carcinogens published by the International Agency for Research on Cancer of the World Health Organization was preliminarily sorted out for reference. Hydrochloric acid is in the list of three types of carcinogens.

5. Physical properties

Hydrochloric acid is a colorless liquid (industrial hydrochloric acid will be slightly yellow due to impurity iron salt), which is an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride and has a pungent smell. The hydrochloric acid used in general laboratory is 0. 1mol/L, and the pH is 1. Because concentrated hydrochloric acid is volatile, the volatilized hydrogen chloride gas reacts with water vapor in the air to form small droplets of hydrochloric acid, so white fog will be seen. Hydrochloric acid can be mixed with water and ethanol at will. When concentrated hydrochloric acid is diluted, it will release heat, and hydrogen chloride can be dissolved in benzene.

reference data

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