Interpretation of the English-Chinese Dictionary of Securities Investment by the Commercial Press;
1. Agency broker. Also called: agent; Agent broker. Securities institutions or individuals that only buy and sell securities for customers, do not engage in proprietary business and do not set up proprietary accounts. Its business is completely different from that of securities dealers and market makers, who buy shares for their own accounts while trading on behalf of customers. See: agency; ; Broker: another broker is an agent.
2. Broker. Name. An intermediary between two parties to a transaction of securities, commodities or other varieties. In the field of investment, brokers can be legal persons of securities institutions or individuals registered to cooperate with securities companies. Brokers do not own the variety of transactions, but only trade as agents of buyers and sellers and receive commissions according to their services. People who trade on the exchange are floor brokers. See: institutions; ; The most basic job of an agent broker is to facilitate the transaction through intermediary business. So how do they work?
First of all: evaluate the customer's business effectively and correctly. Usually, when the customer sells the business, the pricing of the business will be emotional to a certain extent, which can't really reflect the actual value and price of the business. Brokers are experts in a certain industry, and they can evaluate an enterprise rationally.
Second, sign a brokerage contract with customers to establish the rights and obligations of both parties.
Third: according to the specific requirements and contracts of the entrusting party, find buyers for the entrusting party.
Fourth: promote the success of the transaction between the two parties.
Fifth: get a commission.
In the international brokerage industry, the success of a business generally requires ten steps, which require the cooperation of customers and brokers.
Ten steps to successful management:
1. There is a good reason to sell your company. For example, a bad day or employees' slackness is not a good reason. At the same time, don't say a price easily and decide to sell your business. Focus on your real purpose, first of all, don't let buyers know why you sell your business, find more legitimate reasons and reasonable reasons, and treat your buyers seriously is the best policy.
Don't wait until you have to sell your business, and don't wait until you are very busy to sell your business. The best time to sell is when you are busy, so that buyers can see your vitality.
3. Keep the secret of your sales process to the people who go out. The broker will eliminate emotional things, make reliable business decisions, and get higher prices for your business. Your broker will also resolutely keep the secret to protect you and your business. First of all, you must pass the broker qualification examination:
That is to confirm whether you are qualified to be a broker. According to Article 6 of the Measures for the Administration of Brokers, persons applying for brokerage activities must meet the following conditions:
1, with full capacity for civil conduct;
2. Have the knowledge and skills required to engage in brokerage activities;
3. Have a fixed residence;
4, master the relevant national laws, regulations and policies;
5. No criminal and economic violations for three consecutive years before applying for brokerage qualification.
Persons who meet the above conditions may apply for brokerage activities only after being examined and approved by the administrative department for industry and commerce and obtaining the brokerage qualification certificate.
Second, you must pass the exam.
According to the Measures for the Administration of Brokers issued by the State Administration for Industry and Commerce and the specific provisions of relevant provinces and cities, the training, examination and certification of brokers shall be organized and implemented by the administrative authorities for industry and commerce at or above the county level, or may be entrusted to relevant units. The contents of training and assessment are the knowledge and skills required to engage in brokerage activities, as well as relevant laws, regulations and professional ethics. After passing the training examination, a certificate will be issued. Apply to the issuing administrative department for industry and commerce with the certificate of passing the examination, and issue the "Broker Qualification Certificate" after approval. To apply for the qualification certificate of professional brokers in special industries as stipulated by laws and administrative regulations on science and technology, real estate, etc., the provincial or municipal administrative department for industry and commerce shall conduct training, examination, assessment and issuance jointly with relevant administrative departments.
3. Persons who have obtained the qualification certificate of brokers may apply for the establishment of brokerage enterprises or partnership brokerage organizations and apply for registration as independent brokers according to law. Brokers can be divided into general brokers and special industry brokers. Special trade brokers refer to professional brokers engaged in finance, insurance, securities, futures, science and technology, real estate and other industries. You must go through professional training, pass the examination and obtain the qualification certificate of professional broker before you can take up your post.
General broker: The so-called general broker refers to the middleman who engages in commodity trading that is allowed to be publicly traded by the state and does not belong to special industries. The main economic activities of general brokers are to find sellers for the buyers of commodities, find buyers for sellers, bridge the gap between buyers and sellers, and promote the transactions between buyers and sellers. In the developed areas of foreign brokerage industry, general brokers are also called commercial brokers, which means to provide intermediary services for users in commodity transactions, including real estate transactions, means of production, means of subsistence and other transactions, transfer, lease or sale of idle equipment, transportation and so on. An excellent commercial broker (general broker) or an excellent commercial brokerage company should not only have very good social relations, but also have a very good reputation and public image. They act in strict accordance with the principles and actively seek buyers for customers (users). At the same time, they are also experts in a certain industry, with rich professional knowledge and understanding of the industry. Therefore, for a user, finding and finding a good brokerage company or broker is undoubtedly finding and finding a golden mountain.
Futures brokers: Due to the characteristics of futures trading, futures brokers are generally divided into brokerage companies and brokers.
Technical broker: Technical broker refers to citizens, legal persons and other economic organizations engaged in brokerage business such as intermediary, brokerage and agency for the purpose of collecting commissions and promoting others' technical transactions.
Labor brokers: institutions, companies, individuals, etc. Engaged in labor intermediary for the purpose of obtaining commission.
Real estate agent: A real estate agent is an intermediary who makes real estate investments or transactions on behalf of clients to obtain commission income. Real estate agents are generally divided into two categories: enterprise real estate agents and individual real estate agents. Expert real estate agents and general real estate agents.
Stylistic brokerage: Stylistic brokerage refers to cultural and artistic brokerage and sports brokerage. Cultural and artistic brokers are for people in the cultural and artistic circles. Sports agents serve people in the sports world.
Talent broker: talent brokers work for talent matching according to job hunting intention and talent status. Talent brokers serve job seekers from all walks of life. Broker is the product of market economy. It plays an obvious positive role in developing economy, promoting circulation and prospering market. Different from other businesses, the diversity of brokers' lifestyles and information sources makes brokers have unique functions in solving the contradiction between supply and demand of commodities. Specifically:
(1) With many social relationships, intelligent market information and high efficiency, it helps enterprises solve the contradiction between supply and demand and develop market sales.
(2) The market system includes means of production market, means of subsistence market, science and technology market, talent market, labor market, capital market and real estate market. These require a large number of brokers to provide information, introduce customers and reach a deal.
(3) Help enterprises introduce foreign advanced technology, capital and management experience to expand export trade.
(4) Promote the prosperity of cultural and sports undertakings, cultivate cultural markets and enrich people's lives.
The Historical Development and Current Situation of China Brokers
China is an ancient country with a long history. Brokerage activities appeared more than two thousand years ago. In the Western Han Dynasty, the broker was called Komako; In the Tang Dynasty, the broker was called Tooth Man and Tooth Lang; During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, foreign trade brokers appeared, that is, teeth in Song Dynasty, teeth in Yuan Dynasty, teeth in Ming and Qing Dynasties, and teeth in Ming Dynasty were divided into official teeth and private teeth. At the same time, there are also dental shops, which refer to shops where businessmen arrange business. In Qing dynasty, brokers were called foreign firms in foreign trade. In the late Qing Dynasty, a special foreign trade broker comprador appeared. During the Republic of China, with the emergence of stock and bond trading, bond brokers appeared for the first time in the history of China. In the early days of liberation, China adopted the policy of restricting and banning brokers, and at the same time stipulated that brokers should set up trust brokerage institutions owned by the whole people and collectives in designated places to operate intermediary business between buyers and sellers. 1958, banning brokers. However, in rural fair trade, individual citizens are allowed to carry out intermediary activities to promote the trading of agricultural and sideline products. After 1980, brokerage activities began to resume, but brokerage activities were only undisclosed underground intermediary activities. After 1985, the broker went underground and engaged in brokerage activities in an open and legal capacity. Since 1992, brokers have been in the stage of gradual development, and the state has adopted the policy of supporting, managing and guiding brokers, so that brokerage activities gradually become formal. The status of brokers is gradually valued by people. Don king, a boxing professional agent who came to China not long ago, is said that even fierce champions are afraid of him, which shows the "power" of professional agents.
Experts pointed out that with the development of market economy in China, professional brokers have broad development prospects, and various professional brokers will emerge continuously.
With the socialization and industrialization of China's sports industry, it is imperative to standardize the commercial operation of sports. In the past two years, some sports agents have appeared in Beijing, Hunan and other places. As a sports broker, we should not only learn the professional knowledge and operational skills of brokers, but also study and study the development and direction of the sports market.
Cultural agents are no strangers to the agents of entertainment stars. With the increasingly active cultural market, this field needs more brokers, such as art dealers and booksellers.
Cultural broker is a traditional major in foreign universities, but it has just started in China. To be an excellent cultural broker, one must have good artistic appreciation ability, overall arrangement ability of various complex activities, be familiar with relevant laws and regulations, be good at negotiation and be persuasive.
After China's entry into WTO, the domestic insurance market will be gradually opened. For many foreign insurance institutions, China's population of more than one billion is its "long-awaited" big market.
Insurance brokers are independent intermediaries. According to China's regulations, people engaged in insurance brokerage business must take the insurance broker qualification examination, and all those with college education or above can sign up for it; Those who pass the examination shall be awarded the qualification certificate of insurance broker by the China Insurance Regulatory Commission. Individuals who have obtained the Qualification Certificate must accept the employment of an insurance brokerage company, and the insurance brokerage company may apply to the China Insurance Regulatory Commission on its behalf before engaging in insurance brokerage business.
Technical brokers, who specialize in matching technology transactions and closely linking technology holders and capital holders, should have a deep understanding of the market, a high understanding of the docking process of results and funds, a strong planning ability, packaging, marketing and real-time tracking of projects, and of course be familiar with extensive legal knowledge.
In science and technology intermediary services, there are too few institutions that really engage in science and technology evaluation, legal consultation, auditing, arbitration and venture capital, and there is also a lack of compound talents who know both technology and law and are good at management. It is understood that less than 10% of all employees have obtained the qualification certificate of "technical broker" issued by the Ministry of Science and Technology. But the market is in great need of technical brokers.
Real estate agent for buyers, finding a professional real estate agent can play a multiplier role. After understanding the customer's intentions, they can design the best purchase plan and sale plan according to different needs, and choose the best housing and customer combination.
Real estate agents include brokers and assistant brokers. According to the relevant regulations, only when 50% of the total number of real estate brokers have obtained the qualification certificates of real estate brokers and assistant real estate brokers can they issue qualification certificates and engage in real estate brokerage activities.
It is difficult for professional broker job seekers to fully grasp the information of talent market, and it is impossible to fully understand the market situation of enterprises and positions and the salary and treatment of positions, so it is difficult to judge whether this job is suitable for them. And talent brokers can provide professional all-round services for job seekers until they succeed in job hunting.