Specific:
Compiling cash flow statement is an important content of enterprise financial work. This paper introduces the relevant items and matters needing attention in compiling cash flow statement by formula method.
I. Cash items received from selling goods and providing services
The calculation formula is as follows:
(1) main business income (net income)
+(2) Other business income (such as sales of surplus materials, purchasing and consignment, etc.). (from the income statement)
+(3) Output tax (business analysis)
+(4) (opening number of accounts receivable and notes receivable-closing number)
+(5) (closing number of accounts received in advance-opening number of accounts received in advance) (from balance sheet)
+(6) Recover the bad debts that have been written off before.
-(7) Unexpected decrease in receivables:
Including: actual bad debts; The financial expenses for discounting bills receivable are in the debit part; In debt restructuring, the other party pays off the accounts with inventory; Non-monetary transactions involve the exchange of accounts receivable.
Note: (4) The provision for bad debts is not deducted from the opening and closing contents of accounts receivable in the above formula, and (6) and (7) are analyzed from business.
2. Cash paid for goods and services.
The calculation formula is as follows:
(1) Main business cost
+(2) Other business expenses (such as sales of surplus materials) (from the income statement)
+(3) Current input tax (business analysis)
+(4) (ending inventory-beginning inventory)
+(5) (Number of prepayments at the end of the period-Number of prepayments at the beginning)
+(6) (Accounts payable, opening number of notes payable-accounts payable, closing number of notes payable) (from balance sheet)
+(7) Unexpected decrease in inventory:
Among them: inventory deficit; Use inventory for overseas investment; Donation with inventory; Paying off debts with inventory in debt restructuring; Non-monetary transactions are used to exchange inventory.
-(8) Unexpected increase in inventory:
Including: depreciation of fixed assets included in manufacturing expenses; Prepaid expenses are included in manufacturing expenses; Accrued expenses are included in manufacturing expenses; Wages are included in production costs and manufacturing expenses; Welfare expenses are included in production costs and manufacturing expenses; Accept inventory input; Accept inventory donations; In debt restructuring, the other unit pays off debts with inventory; Inventory exchange for non-monetary transactions.
-(9) Unexpected reduction of pending projects:
Among them: accounts payable that cannot be paid; Repaying accounts payable and notes payable with non-monetary assets.
Note: In the above formula, (4) the amount of inventory at the beginning and end of the period does not deduct the provision for inventory depreciation, while (7), (8) and (9) are analyzed from the business perspective.
Three. Cash items paid to employees
This project only reflects the wages, bonuses, various allowances and other expenses actually paid by the enterprise (including social insurance funds such as pension and unemployment, supplementary pension insurance, housing accumulation fund, housing subsidy and other welfare expenses).
Wages, bonuses, various allowances and other expenses paid by enterprises for "on-the-job construction workers" (including social insurance funds such as pension and unemployment, supplementary pension insurance, housing provident fund, housing difficulties subsidies and other welfare expenses, etc.). ) are reflected in the investment activities of the project "cash paid for the purchase and construction of fixed assets, intangible assets and other long-term assets".
The actual expenses paid by the enterprise for retirees (whether the pension is paid as a whole or the expenses of retirees who have not participated in the overall planning) are reflected in the "other cash paid related to business activities" project.
IV. Supplementary information "Adjusting net profit to cash flow from operating activities".
(A) "asset impairment reserve" project
Reflect the eight impairment reserves accrued by enterprises mainly include:
1. Debit: management fee
Loan: bad debt reserve
Inventory depreciation reserve
2. Borrow: Investment income
Loan: Short-term investment impairment reserve
Long-term investment impairment reserve
Impairment of entrusted loans
3. Borrow: non-operating expenses
Loan: Fixed assets impairment reserve
Intangible assets impairment reserve
Construction in progress impairment reserve/construction in progress impairment
As can be seen from the above, the eight impairments increase the three profit and loss expenses of "management expenses", "investment income" and "non-operating expenses" and reduce the current profit, but it does not cause cash to flow out of the enterprise, so this item should be added to the net profit.
(ii) "Decrease in prepaid expenses (decrease: increase)"
Fill in the column according to the difference between the beginning and the end of the "deferred expenses" item in the balance sheet. Different situations should be analyzed according to the actual economic business during this period. As the item of "prepaid expenses" in the balance sheet includes the ending debit balance of "prepaid expenses", "accrued expenses" and the ending debit balance of "long-term prepaid expenses" which has been amortized within one year, only the amortization amount in the current "prepaid expenses" account is included in the specific operation of this item.
(c) "Increase (decrease) of accrued expenses"
According to the balance sheet "accrued expenses" project at the end of the period, the difference between the opening balance. Different situations should be analyzed according to the actual economic business during this period. As the item "Accrued Expense" in the balance sheet includes the ending credit balance of "Prepaid Expense" and "Accrued Expense", only the accrued amount of the current "Accrued Expense" account is included in the specific operation of this item.
(4) "Investment loss (less: gain)" project
Fill in the column according to the figure of "investment income" in the income statement. If it is income, fill in the column with "-". However, it should be noted that the items of "investment income" in the income statement may include the decrease of investment income caused by short-term investment impairment reserve, long-term investment impairment reserve and entrusted loan impairment reserve, which has been reflected in the item of "provision for asset impairment", so it should be filled in according to the figures of "investment income" in the income statement, that is, if it is investment income. If it is an investment loss, after deducting the short-term investment impairment reserve, long-term investment impairment reserve and entrusted loan impairment reserve, fill in the "investment income" item in the income statement.
(V) "Inventory decrease (decrease: increase)" project
Fill in the column according to the difference between the opening balance and the closing balance of the "inventory" item in the balance sheet. However, the opening balance and ending balance of the "inventory" item in the balance sheet reflect the inventory depreciation reserve, so the "inventory" item in the balance sheet should be adjusted and filled in.
(six) "reduce (decrease: increase) operating accounts receivable" project.
Reflect the decrease of accounts receivable, notes receivable and other receivables related to business activities and value-added tax receivable. When some units have business activities, the contents of accounts received in advance are also included in this item, and the preparation depends on the actual situation.
(7) "Increase (decrease) of business items payable"
Reflect the increase of accounts payable, notes payable, welfare expenses payable, taxes payable, other payables related to business activities and VAT input tax payable in this period. However, the part of "other payables" related to business activities is also listed in this project.