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Calculation formula of expected monetary value
The formula is = ∑ (monetary income × probability).

Explanation of currency terms: it is the product of commodity exchange, which is separated from the commodity world in the process of commodity exchange and acts as a universal equivalent. Commonly known as money.

Currency: a special commodity that acts as the equivalent of all commodities. ? Money is a general representative of value and can buy any other commodity. ? Credit currency is stipulated by national laws, does not contain any precious metals, and is forced to independently exercise the function of currency circulation. At present, the currencies issued by countries all over the world are basically credit currencies.

money

The latest monetary theory holds that money is a contract between property owners and the market about exchange rights, and it is essentially an agreement between owners. "I give what I have to the market in exchange for what I need", and money is the agreement of this process. This theory can withstand strict falsification and logical argumentation, explains all economic phenomena related to money, and has been tested by all economic practices.

When the market is in the stage of barter, whether the exchange can take place depends on the complementarity of supply and demand between the two sides. This complementarity does not always exist. Maybe A is short of B and B is short of D. If there are only two parties, then the exchange cannot be carried out. Assuming that there is C and the other D is short of A, then under a certain agreement, Party A, Party B and Party C can exchange in the form of mutual exchange.