In fact, in the spot market, there are only two orders: buy and sell. After buying, I sold it and called it more. After selling, I bought it and called it empty.

It is easy to understand how to do more. After buying something, wait until the price rises before selling it. What you buy is the price increase.

It's a little hard to understand shorting, and people will be confused. How can they sell nothing in their hands? In fact, what is bought and sold in the spot market is a forward trading contract. It doesn't matter if you don't have the goods in hand. You can sell them first by paying a deposit. After the price falls, you can close the empty order by paying the bill, and the price you buy falls. Suppose there is a pen now, and the price of the pen is 12 yuan. I predict that the price will fall in the future, so I will pay a deposit to buy pens with 12 yuan and then sell them with 12 yuan. When the price drops to 12 yuan, I buy another one and return it to the exchange, which is equivalent to closing the position, and I earn a difference of two yuan.

Short selling is actually to make the market more active, because the market must buy and sell to be more active.

Short selling is really hard to understand. You can ask me again if you don't understand.