The first is to try to use the domestic currency as the pricing currency. In this way, the problem of currency exchange is avoided and there is no exchange rate risk. But this is very difficult to achieve in our country. Because up to now, RMB is not a freely convertible currency in the world. Secondly, when exporting goods and capital, try to choose "currency" with stable and firm currency value; When importing goods and capital, try to choose "soft currency" with weak currency value. Thus, exporters and creditors use "coins" as the contract currency. When the exchange rate of this currency rises during settlement and settlement, the equivalent amount of foreign exchange will be exchanged for more domestic currency; Importers and debtors use "soft currency" as the contract currency. When the exchange rate of the denominated currency falls, less domestic currency will be exchanged for more foreign exchange to settle the payment for goods and pay off debts. However, this method has its limitations. First, the "soft" and "hard" of money are relative and can be converted to each other. Even the popular "free foreign exchange" exchange rate may fluctuate, and its soft and hard situation will change; Second, this is only a possibility for foreign-related economic entities to strive for in actual foreign-related economic activities. Because import and export, capital output and input are relative. Try to use "coins" when exporting, and the other party, as an importer, will definitely try to use "soft coins", which depends on the outcome of negotiations between the two sides.

(3) Make up for risks through forward foreign exchange transactions. Forward trading by pre-determining the exchange rate and amount is the most direct means to make up for the risk. Suppose an export enterprise in China is scheduled to receive the export payment denominated in US dollars in three months, and it can pre-arrange with the bank to sell US dollars in three months. After the US dollar funds are recorded, they will be delivered, that is, the US dollar will be sold to the bank at the agreed exchange rate and converted into RMB, so that possible transaction settlement risks can be effectively prevented through forward foreign exchange transactions. Here, we need to consider the cost of making up the risk. We can compare the current forward exchange rate with the spot exchange rate to determine whether it is beneficial to make up the risk. If the estimated spot exchange rate at the expiration of the settlement period is not much different from the current forward exchange rate, the difference between the current forward exchange rate and the spot exchange rate is the general risk compensation cost.

For capital transactions, the risk is usually compensated by making a forward appointment in advance. There are two kinds of general capital transactions: arbitrage transactions and financing transactions. The so-called carry trade refers to the trade that earns spreads through the allocation of funds, which combines the movement of funds accompanying foreign exchange transactions with forward foreign exchange transactions in order to avoid foreign exchange risks when funds flow in the opposite direction at a specific time in the future. Financing transactions are capital transactions aimed at raising funds, such as borrowing foreign currency loans or issuing foreign debts, which will also generate risks due to exchange rate changes when repaying, and usually make up for them by using forward foreign exchange transactions.

(4) Carefully consider the settlement method of export proceeds. Foreign trade enterprises should also carefully consider the settlement method of export proceeds according to the actual business, so as to be safe and timely, which is a principle that foreign trade export proceeds should be implemented. Generally speaking, the settlement method of sight letter of credit is most in line with the principle of safe and timely collection of foreign exchange; The settlement method of forward letter of credit can ensure the safety of foreign exchange collection, but it is not timely, and the probability of exchange rate fluctuation is large, which weakens the safety of foreign exchange collection. As for the collection and settlement method, commercial credit has replaced bank credit, which greatly reduces the security. Therefore, in order to achieve the purpose of safe and timely collection of foreign exchange, we should carefully and flexibly choose the appropriate foreign exchange settlement method according to the actual situation of the business and on the premise of knowing the credit standing of the other party. If the goods sold by exporters are overstocked, the international market price is weak, the importer's reputation is reliable, the goods have a certain market in the importing country, and the importing country has relatively loose control over foreign exchange payment, the exporter can also accept the collection method.

China should also improve its information network to forecast and analyze exchange rate changes in time. Foreign trade and economic cooperation departments, financial departments, foreign-related enterprises, etc. Conditional to set up specialized agencies or assign special personnel to be responsible for international financial and monetary research and exchange rate risk prevention. The foreign trade department and the Bank of China use the modern communication equipment network to keep abreast of foreign exchange changes in the international market and provide information and materials for foreign-related enterprises. At present, the People's Bank of China, the Bank of China and the Ministry of Commerce have successively set up exchange rate trend research groups to study the exchange rate changes of major currencies in western countries, predict the medium and long-term exchange rate changes, analyze the impact on China's foreign trade, foreign exchange and foreign investment, and put forward countermeasures and opinions.