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What does logistics payment recovery mean?
Supplement: What's the difference between cash on delivery? How to return the payment to the delivery place after receiving the goods?
Payment recovery in logistics refers to a mode in which the logistics service provider replaces the buyer, delivers the goods to the seller, recovers the payment and extracts a certain service fee from it. Because I just did the research on "payment back" before, next, I will explain this model and the changes it has brought to the market.
1. 1 business environment
Collection is a common phenomenon in traditional business models, especially in offline business scenarios. For example, the traditional trade between wholesalers and retailers, or the trade between manufacturers and traders.
Cash on delivery is very common in modern business environment, such as online shopping, payment after customers sign for it; For example, express parcels or express mail are paid by the recipient and do not involve payment.
1.2 capital flow
In the recovery of payment, the flow of funds is usually from the buyer to the logistics company, and then from the logistics company to the seller. Among them, there may be more than one logistics company in the chain.
The flow of paid funds, if it is online shopping, is generally paid directly by the buyer to the seller, and rarely changed hands from the logistics side. If it is delivered by itself, the courier fee is paid directly to the courier company, and the funds have nothing to do with the sender of the courier.
In traditional business activities, we pay in cash (such as market in villages and towns), or pay in cash before delivery (such as ordering from Gree Electric, where sellers are strong).
And many of our C-end consumers are now used to modern business activities. In fact, when Taobao first went online, there was also credit risk. Therefore, in order to reassure consumers and sellers, Taobao requires consumers to put money into the intermediate account of the platform first, and then trigger the backstage to transfer the payment to the buyer after confirming that the goods received are correct.
I went to Linyi in February this year, where the offline business is relatively developed, mainly wholesale clothing and other daily necessities. Because of the large quantity of each order and the long distance between the buyer and the seller, the buyer can't pick up the goods after each door-to-door inspection. The transfer of goods from buyers to sellers needs the services of logistics carriers, so sellers think of the mode of entrusting logistics company payment collection.
After the buyer completes the inspection, he will hand over the payment to the logistics company, which will draw a certain percentage of the service fee and hand over the remaining payment to the seller, that is, the consignor.
At the beginning, this acquisition mode was safe. Later, the logistics industry appeared "running" behavior. Is there a relationship between "running away" and "collecting money"? Of course, there are also logistics companies running away. The money they took was the payment received by the seller, indicating that there was something wrong with the third party-the logistics carrier. The next part focuses on how to prevent and control it.
3. 1 acquisition process
When dealing with commercial enterprises, specialized logistics companies usually have to do "collection" besides logistics business. Of course, car owners will not let the private line enterprises work in vain and pay a few service fees to treat the private line logistics companies.
The seller is worried that the buyer will miss the contract. In order to reduce the risk of payment recovery, sellers usually regard logistics as the second guarantee, so they will put the words "payment recovery" on the invoice. If the buyer (end customer) breaches the contract, then the responsibility of this collection will be transferred to the logistics line, that is to say, if the payment is not received, the logistics company will compensate the shipper for the loss of the payment.
Why there are risks in payment collection can be traced back to the whole service chain, that is, "How did payment collection return to the delivery site after receiving it" mentioned in your supplementary question.
For example, suppose that the delivery place is Linyi, Shandong, and the receiving place is Jixian, Tianjin. The service process is like this. Usually, the logistics service contract is signed directly with the buyer. Suppose it is logistics company A (a logistics park located outside the outer ring of Tianjin). Then first, Company A will entrust Linyi local logistics company B to pick up the goods from the seller, and then deliver the goods to Company A from Linyi to a logistics park in Tianjin, and then Company A will be responsible for delivering the goods to the buyer. After delivery is completed, the buyer pays the logistics fee. At the same time,
The schematic diagram is as follows:
Logistics process: Seller -B Logistics Company 3354a Logistics Company 3354 Buyer;
Capital flow: Buyer-A Logistics Company-B Logistics Company 3354 Seller.
3.2 Rest assured that the logistics line enterprises will run.
In 20 15, there was a running tide all over the country, and more than half of them ran. What is running? That is, the special line enterprises that cooperate at the unloading place. After the money arrived, they temporarily misappropriated it. Children at home get married, buy cars and houses, and some people have bad hobbies, such as gambling, usury, or reinvesting money. Because if you still leave every day, every car will have a refund, and it will be no problem at once.
Suppose the money collected for Zhang Saner today is collected and the special line enterprise spends it. After Li Si's payment is collected tomorrow, it will be returned to Zhang San first, then collected from Wang Wu the day after tomorrow, and then returned to Li Si's ................... Of course, there are also some special line enterprises on the delivery side that misappropriate the payment and return it.
What if there is a hole in the funds? Run! So you will find that it is very common for logistics companies to run away at the end of the year (these two years are better).
3.3 How to prevent and control payment risks?
It is difficult for traditional offline transactions to have only one logistics service provider in the middle. What should we do?
1) The seller collects the deposit from the logistics company.
2) Establish an information system covering the ecological chain.
Through transportation system and financial settlement. That is to say, after the buyer pays the payment, the "service fee" charged by the payment is directly transferred to the account of the logistics company through the intermediate agreement, and then the remaining funds are transferred to the account of the seller (consignor), which is a safer way at present.
3) Establish and improve the entrusted collection voucher.
Legal norm
The imperfect legal mechanism leads to the increased risk of payment collection, and it is impossible to pursue the legal responsibility of the responsible person. Too principled legal provisions only have relevant provisions on the occupation and misappropriation of funds by enterprises, but there are no corresponding normative provisions on more detailed legal crimes and similar civil breach of contract for collection of goods, which is of course not conducive to the development of enterprises and industries.
Summary:
Payment recovery and collection in logistics are really two concepts, not the same thing. There are risks in the recovery of payment for goods, so the seller, that is, the consignor, should prevent and control risks in advance to avoid losses to the business operation!
The above contents are for reference only!
Zhu Jinan!
Related question and answer: What does bridge loan mean? Bridge loan, many people may be unfamiliar with this term. Many people have heard of bridge loan at 1 time, probably in the TV series in the name of people. In this play, businessman Cai Chenggong borrowed 50 million bridge loan from Shanshui Group to pledge the equity of the enterprise, with a daily interest rate of 4‰. It was originally agreed to be repaid in six days, but because there was no way to repay it at maturity, Shanshui Group took over.
So what exactly does bridge loan mean?
In fact, the bridge loan means that the enterprise cannot repay the loan after it expires, and then borrows a sum of money from the guarantee company for the transition. After the bank re-approves the loan, it will be used to repay the guarantee company's money to avoid the loans overdue of the enterprise.
For example, a loan borrowed by Li from a bank is about to expire, because the business has just started and there is no money in his pocket. At this time, the bridge company can help boss Li pay off the loan. The bank thinks that Li has money to pay back, good credit and good business. The new loan bank was approved. Li took money from the bank and gave it back to the bridge company. This kind of behavior is like building a bridge between old and new loans, so it is called crossing the bridge.
Some details of bridge loan:
1, bridge loan participant
There are generally three participants in bridge loan, one is an enterprise or an individual, which is the main body of lending; The second is banks or other credit institutions, but at present, those who are really willing to do bridge loan are basically aimed at bank loans, and many other private lending companies are unwilling to do so; The third is the investor of the bridge fund. There will be bridge funds in bridge loan, which can be some guarantee companies or some ordinary enterprises. The point is that as long as everyone can find the money, others will be willing to pay.
2. The cost of bridging loans
At present, the fees in bridge loan are relatively high, and interest is calculated on a daily basis. The daily interest is about 1.5‰~ 3‰, depending on the loan amount and the qualification of the enterprise issuing the loan. If the quantity is large and the qualification is good, the price will be lower. If the qualification of the enterprise itself is poor, the daily interest may reach more than 3 ‰. In bridge loan, the time limit is usually between 5 days and 10 days, so the cost of a bridge crossing cycle is very high. If the daily interest rate of the bridge-crossing fee is 2‰, the processing time will be one week, and the comprehensive cost will reach 1.4%, and it will be paid 1 10 million yuan a week.
3. bridge loan Process
Bridge loan's process is relatively rigorous. Under normal circumstances, the investor (guarantee company) will communicate with the bank in advance, and after in-depth investigation of the enterprise, I believe that the bank will indeed give the enterprise a loan, so that the guarantee company will be willing to advance the capital. When the guarantee company confirms that the bank can indeed lend money, the bank will first make all adjustments to the enterprise. On the premise that the bank can guarantee the loan, the guarantee company will sign the bridge loan agreement with the debtor, and then the guarantee company will help the debtor pay off the money owed to the bank, and the enterprise will pay the corresponding bridge crossing fee. After the debtor's money is paid off, the bank can enter the documents for approval. After the approval is completed, if the loan is successful, directly transfer the money to the guarantee company and then cross the bridge.
4. The benefits of bridge loan
If bridge loan succeeds, it will be beneficial to borrowers, banks or guarantee companies. For the borrower, the loan cannot be repaid normally when it expires. After crossing the bridge, bank loans can be repaid normally, avoiding overdue and penalty interest, and avoiding the liquidity of enterprises being affected. For banks, enterprises can avoid overdue through bridge loan and reduce bad debts of banks; As for the guarantee company, you can also charge a certain fee for being a bridge loan, and everyone is very happy.
5. Potential risks in bridge loan.
In reality, not all bridge loan can go smoothly. In fact, there are certain risks, and the biggest risk is bank lending. For example, some banks and enterprises can't repay their loans when they are due, and promise to issue loans normally as long as they cross the bridge. However, after the enterprise finds the bridge funds to return the original funds, the bank may regret not issuing loans. If banks can't issue loans normally and customers can't repay the borrowed bridge funds normally, they will face very high capital costs. After all, the capital cost in bridge loan is very high, with a daily interest rate of about 2‰ and an annualized interest rate of about 73%. If the bank loans, then bridge loan will have to be repaid by the enterprises themselves. If the enterprise cannot repay, it will face high daily interest. If it borrows10 million bridge funds, and the daily interest rate is 2‰, then the monthly interest alone will reach 600,000, which is quite scary.
Related questions and answers: What's the difference between the contract payment and the deposit? I. What is the contract advance payment According to the provisions of the contract law of our country, the advance payment is a part of the money paid by one party to the other party in advance according to the contract after the contract is established. Advance payment is a means of payment, which does not guarantee the performance of debts, nor can it prove the establishment of contracts. If the party receiving the advance payment defaults, it only needs to return the money received, and it is not necessary to return it twice. The law has strict regulations on the use of advance payment. The parties shall not arbitrarily set an advance payment in the contract, nor shall they limit the amount of the advance payment.
Second, how to distinguish between advance payment and deposit The so-called "deposit" refers to a guarantee method in which the parties to a contract agree that one party will pay a certain amount of money to the other party in advance when the contract is concluded or before the contract is performed to ensure the realization of the contractual creditor's rights. Advance payment and deposit are similar to some extent, but they are different in essence, which can be distinguished from the following aspects: (1) They are different in essence. The deposit is the main content of the deposit contract. Paying or accepting the deposit itself is not an obligation to perform the main debt, but a way to guarantee the debt and an act of performing the deposit contract. Advance payment is one of the contents of the main contract, and paying advance payment is the behavior of fulfilling the main debt. (2) Their roles are different. The function of advance payment is to help the other party solve the financial difficulties and make it more qualified and support the correct performance of the contract; Although the deposit also has this function, its main function is to ensure the performance of the contract. In addition, when there is a dispute over whether the contract is established, the deposit can also prove the establishment of the contract. But the advance payment does not have the functions of guarantee and contract. (3) Their functions are different. Under the normal performance of the contract, the advance payment becomes a part of the price. In the case of non-performance of the contract, whether the payer breaches the contract or the receiver breaches the contract, the advance payment must be returned in the original amount. The deposit is different. When the contract is performed, whether the deposit is recovered or used as the price shall be determined according to the agreement of both parties, and may not be used as the price. In the case of non-performance of the contract, the party paying the deposit has no right to demand the return of the deposit when it fails to perform the debt. If the party accepting the deposit fails to perform the debt, it shall return the deposit twice, which is a punitive breach of contract. The advance payment is not. (4) Different payment methods. The deposit is generally paid in one lump sum, and the deposit contract can only be established after the deposit is paid. The advance payment can be paid in one lump sum or in installments. (5) The scope of application of the two is different. Deposit is widely used in contracts, not only for contracts that perform obligations with money, but also for other paid contracts. Advance payment can only be applied to contracts that perform obligations with money.