Liquidity coverage ratio (LCR) is a regulatory indicator, which is used to measure whether an institution can maintain barrier-free quality assets at a reasonable level within 30 days to meet its liquidity needs under the severe liquidity pressure scenario set by the regulatory authorities. Assuming this situation lasts for 30 days, the regulatory authorities will have enough time to take appropriate actions to ensure that the banking problems are solved in an orderly manner.
It weakens the profitability of banks. The original standard of LCR is very strict. In the draft for comments at the beginning of 20 10, the scope of "high-quality liquid assets" referred to by LCR is basically limited to low-profit assets such as cash, central bank reserves, market-oriented securities with zero risk weight, and local currency bonds issued by the government or the central bank in the field of liquidity risk measurement, which is the so-called first-class assets.
20 13 16 The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision decided to relax the liquidity supervision standards.
First, broaden the definition of current assets of high-quality enterprises, increase the policies of high-quality stocks and high-quality mortgage loans, and support assets such as China Debt. In this way, the scope of secondary assets in high-quality assets has been greatly expanded, including secondary A assets (2A level) and secondary B assets (2B level). After deducting the value, the above assets can be included in "high-quality current assets". In the portfolio of high-quality liquid assets, the proportion of tier-two assets cannot exceed 40%, and tier-two assets cannot exceed 15%. Secondly, the performance period of LCR was postponed from 20 15 to 20 19. In addition, LCR was originally required to be above 100% every day, but now it is adjusted to be temporarily lower than 100% during the stress period.
Third, reduce the set value of runoff rate. This ratio is used to calculate the "net outflow of funds in the next 30 days" referred to by the denominator of LCR. Reducing the loss rate actually lowers the denominator of LCR, thus giving banks a more relaxed environment.
The above-mentioned measures to relax the liquidity supervision standards and postpone the implementation period are actually the strong demands of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision on the international banking industry and the response and compromise of constant lobbying, which will help reduce the compliance costs of banks. However, it remains to be seen whether banks can actively lend money to help economic recovery after relaxing regulatory standards.
Liquidity ratio refers to the ratio of current assets to current liabilities of an enterprise. Its calculation formula is: current ratio = current assets/current liabilities. Current assets in the formula include: cash, accounts receivable, marketable securities and inventory; Current liabilities mainly include short-term loans, notes payable, accounts payable, accounts receivable in advance, wages payable, welfare expenses payable, dividend payable, taxes payable, other temporary payments payable, accrued expenses and long-term loans due within one year.
Current ratio is the ratio of current assets to current liabilities, which is used to measure the ability of enterprises to convert current assets into cash to repay liabilities before short-term debts expire. The higher the ratio, the stronger the liquidity of enterprise assets and the stronger the short-term solvency; On the contrary, it is weak. The current ratio should be above 2: 1, and the current ratio is 2: 1, which means that the current assets are twice as large as the current liabilities. Even if half of current assets cannot be realized in a short period of time, all current liabilities can be guaranteed to be repaid.