The process of refining iron is called iron-making. It is a process of refining metallic iron from iron-containing minerals. The blast furnace method is generally used to make iron. The main raw materials for iron-making are iron ore, coke, limestone, and air. The iron content of iron ore is called grade. Before smelting, it must be beneficiated to remove other impurities and improve the grade of the iron ore. Then it must be crushed, ground and sintered before it can be sent to the blast furnace for smelting. During smelting, iron ore, coke, and limestone are added from top to bottom from the feed port on the top of the furnace. At the same time, hot air is blown into the furnace from bottom to top from the air inlet. At high temperatures, the reactants fully contact and react to obtain iron. .

The production process of reducing iron ore with reducing agents at high temperatures to obtain pig iron. The main raw materials for iron-making are iron ore, coke, limestone, and air. Iron ores include hematite (Fe2O3) and magnetite (Fe3O4). The iron content of iron ore is called grade. Before smelting, it must be beneficiated to remove other impurities and improve the grade of the iron ore. Then it must be crushed, ground and sintered before it can be sent to the blast furnace for smelting. The role of coke is to provide heat and produce the reducing agent carbon monoxide. Limestone is used to make slag and remove gangue to separate the iron produced by smelting from impurities. The main equipment for iron-making is the blast furnace. During smelting, iron ore, coke, and limestone are added from top to bottom from the feed port on the top of the furnace. At the same time, hot air is blown into the furnace from bottom to top from the air inlet. At high temperatures, the reactants fully contact and react to obtain iron. . Blast furnace ironmaking refers to loading iron ore, coke, carbon monoxide, hydrogen and other fuels and fluxes into a blast furnace for smelting. Impurities are removed to obtain metallic iron (pig iron).

Blast furnace production is continuous. A generation of blast furnace (from opening to overhaul and shutdown is a generation) can produce continuously for several to more than ten years. During production, iron ore, coke, and flux are continuously loaded from the top of the furnace (generally the top is composed of a bell and a hopper, and modern blast furnaces are bell valve tops and bellless tops), and are blown from the tuyere at the lower part of the blast furnace. Input hot air (1000~1300 degrees Celsius) and inject fuel such as oil, coal or natural gas. The iron ore loaded into the blast furnace is mainly a compound of iron and oxygen. At high temperatures, the coke neutralizes the carbon in the injection material and the carbon monoxide generated by the combustion of the carbon takes away the oxygen in the iron ore to obtain iron. This process is called reduction.