, such as the imbalance between supply and demand in the food industry, demand-driven inflation

2. Cost-driven, such as rising international prices of crude oil and iron ore, and rising domestic prices of the same industry.

3. The overheated liquidity of domestic investment flows to the real estate market, which leads to increased inflationary pressure.

4. International trade is seriously unbalanced, and there is a huge foreign exchange surplus and RMB surplus for a long time.

5. The expectation of RMB appreciation makes a large amount of international capital flow into China.