Generally speaking, it means that investors entrust their own funds to well-trained professionals for management, which avoids unnecessary risks that may be brought about by lack of professional knowledge and investment experience, and at the same time can obtain stable income as a financial product with high security.
Finance refers to the economic activities in which banks, securities or insurance companies raise funds from market entities and lend them to other market entities.
Broadly speaking, all capital flows generated by the government, individuals, organizations and other market entities through raising, distributing and using funds can be called finance. Therefore, not only the financial industry, but also the government's finance, the behavior of industrial enterprises and personal financial management are all part of finance. Finance can be regarded as three economic behaviors: fund raising and distribution (financing), investment and financing (borrowing money to buy stocks).
The core of finance is the exchange of value across time and space. All transactions involving the distribution of value or income between different times and different spaces are financial transactions. Finance is to study why the value exchange across time and space appears, how it happens and how it develops.
Financial instruments: contracts that form financial assets of one party and financial liabilities or equity instruments of the other party. With the help of financial instruments, funds are transferred from the supply side to the demand side.
The types of financial instruments include basic financial instruments and derivative financial instruments.
Basic financial instruments: cash held by an enterprise, contractual right to receive cash or other financial assets from other parties, and contractual obligation to deliver cash or other financial assets to other parties.
Derivative financial instruments are new financing instruments designed by specific technology on the basis of basic financial instruments. Common derivative financial instruments include forward contracts, futures contracts, swap contracts and option contracts, which are very complex and diverse and have the characteristics of high risk and high leverage.