If the battery SOC is modeled, the battery module in Simulink is often used. In this issue, we will outline the use of battery modules according to the help files in Matlab. The battery module in Simulink is shown in the following figure:
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Double-click the battery module to open the parameter setting interface:
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If the battery charging capacity parameter is infinite, the module models the battery as a series resistor and a constant voltage source. If the battery charging capacity parameter is limited, the module will simulate the battery as a series resistor and a voltage source related to charging. In limited cases, voltage is a function of charge and has the following relationship:
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Where SOC (state of charge) is the ratio of current charge to rated battery capacity. V0 is the voltage when the battery is fully charged at no load, which is defined by the parameter of rated voltage Vnom. β is a constant.
2. Battery attenuation model
For the battery model with limited charging capacity, the battery performance degradation can be modeled according to the number of discharge cycles. This degradation is called battery degradation.
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Where λAH is a multiple of the nominal capacity of the battery. λR0 is a multiple of the series resistance of the battery. λV 1 is the multiplier of voltage V 1. N is the number of times to complete the discharge cycle. N0 is the number of complete discharge cycles completed before the simulation starts. AH is the rated battery capacity in ampere hours. I(t) is the instantaneous battery output current. H(i(t)) is the Haversian function of the instantaneous battery output current. This function returns 0 if the parameter is negative, and 1 if the parameter is positive.
3. Thermal effect modeling
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Where t is the battery temperature. T 1 is the nominal measuring temperature. λV is the parameter temperature correlation coefficient of V0. β is calculated in the same way as the battery model.
Internal series resistance, self-discharge resistance and any dynamic resistance of charging are also functions of temperature:
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Where λR is the parameter temperature correlation coefficient.
4. Battery dynamics model
The charging dynamic parameters can be used to simulate the battery charging dynamics:
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No dynamic-equivalent circuit does not include parallel RC part. There is no delay between the terminal voltage of the battery and the internal charging voltage.
A time constant dynamic-equivalent circuit contains a parallel RC element. Use the first time constant parameter to specify a time constant.
Two time constant dynamic-equivalent circuits are composed of two RC elements in parallel. Specify a time constant using the first time constant and the second time constant parameter.
Dynamic-equivalent circuit with three time constants contains three RC elements in parallel. Specify a time constant using the first time constant, the second time constant, and the third time constant parameter.
Dynamic characteristics of four time constants-the equivalent circuit consists of four parallel RC elements. A time constant is specified using the first time constant, the second time constant, the third time constant and the fourth time constant parameters.
Dynamic-equivalent circuit with five time constants contains five RC elements in parallel. A time constant is specified using the first time constant, the second time constant, the third time constant, the fourth time constant and the fifth time constant parameters.
The following figure shows the model diagram of two time constant dynamics:
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RRC 1 and RRC2 are parallel RC resistors. These values are specified using the first polarization resistance and the second polarization resistance parameters, respectively.
CRC 1 and CRC2 are RC capacitors in parallel. The time constant τ uses the relation C=τ/R to correlate the values of r and c, and uses the first time constant and the second time constant parameter to specify τ for each device.
R0 is the series resistance. Use the internal resistance parameter to specify this value.
5. Draw the voltage-charge characteristic.
The quick drawing function allows you to visualize the voltage-charge characteristics of battery model parameter values. To draw a characteristic diagram, right-click the battery module in the model and select Electrical >; Basic characteristics. The software automatically calculates a set of bias conditions according to the parameter values of the module, and opens a graphical window containing the relationship between the no-load voltage and the state of charge (SOC) of the module.
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6. Parameter setting
Nominal voltage, Vnom
No-load voltage when the battery is fully charged.
internal resistance
Battery internal resistance
Battery charging capacity
Select an option for battery charging capacity modeling:
Infinite-The battery voltage is independent of the amount of power drawn from the battery.
Refine —— The battery voltage decreases with the decrease of power.
Ampere hour rating
Maximum (nominal) battery charge in ampere hours.
When the charge is AH 1, the voltage V 1
When the empty voltage is V 1 and the charging level is AH 1, the basic output voltage of the battery is specified by the charging parameter AH 1.
This parameter must be less than the nominal voltage Vnom.
When the no-load voltage is V 1, charge AH 1
When the charging parameter is AH 1, the battery charging level corresponding to the specified no-load output voltage of voltage V 1.
7. Simulation
Take the lead-acid battery model of 12V as an example, and the battery charging and discharging model is shown in the following figure:
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Among them, SOC calculation represents ampere-hour integration method. The simulation results are shown in the following figure:
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Therefore, the battery model can well reflect the changing relationship of SOC.
Open CSDN for a better reading experience.
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