First of all, let me state that I am not an expert, but the information I collected from the Internet is for reference only!
Stocks are share certificates issued by a joint-stock company to shareholders. It is a certificate that shareholders have ownership of share capital, and it is also a marketable security through which shareholders can obtain regular dividends and bonuses. Stocks can be bought, sold, transferred and used as collateral for bank loans in accordance with the law, but stock holders generally cannot withdraw their shares.
The main types are: ① Registered stocks and bearer stocks. This is mainly divided based on whether the names of shareholders are recorded on the stocks. Registered stocks are the names of shareholders recorded on the stock. If transferred, the company must go through the transfer procedures. Bearer shares do not record the names of shareholders on the shares. If transferred, they become effective through delivery. ② Stocks with par value and stocks without par value. This is mainly divided based on whether the stock has a recorded amount per share. Par value stocks have the amount per share recorded on the stock. Stocks without par value only record the stock and the total capital of the company, or the proportion of each share to the total capital of the company. ③Single stock and multiple stocks. This is mainly divided based on the number of shares represented on the stock. A single stock means each stock represents one share. Plural stocks mean that each stock represents several shares. ④ Ordinary stocks and special stocks. This is mainly divided according to the size of the rights represented by the shares. Dividends from common stocks increase or decrease with the size of the company's profits. Special stocks generally receive fixed dividends first at a prescribed interest rate, but their shareholders' voting rights are restricted. Special stocks are also called preferred stocks. ⑤ Voting shares and non-voting shares. This is mainly divided based on whether the stock holders have voting rights. Common stock holders have voting rights, while preferred stock holders who enjoy special interests in certain aspects are often restricted in their voting rights. Shareholders without voting rights cannot participate in company decision-making.
Nature: The income that stock holders receive from a joint-stock company on a regular basis is dividends. Dividends represent a share of a joint stock company's profits derived from a share of the value created by workers. In a capitalist society, the essence of dividends is part of the surplus value created by hired workers. Stocks are only ownership certificates for the actual capital owned by a joint-stock company. They only represent the right to obtain income and are a withdrawal certificate for future income. They are not actual capital themselves, but only indirectly reflect the actual capital movement, thus manifesting as A kind of fictitious capital.
Stock price The stock itself has no value, but it can be sold as a commodity and has a certain price. The stock price is also called the stock market, which is not equal to the face value of the stock. The par value of a stock represents the amount of monetary capital invested in the stock, which is fixed; while the stock price changes, and is often greater or less than the par value of the stock. The purchase and sale of stocks is actually the purchase and sale of the right to receive dividends, so the stock price is not a monetary expression of the actual capital value it represents, but a capitalized income. Stock prices are generally determined by two factors: dividends and interest rates. For example, a stock with a face value of 100 yuan can receive a dividend of 10 yuan every year, that is, a 10% dividend, and the interest rate at that time is only 5%. Then, the price of this stock is 10 yuan ÷ 5% = 200 yuan. . The calculation formula is:
It can be seen that the stock price changes in direct proportion to dividends and inversely proportional to the interest rate. If the operating conditions of a certain joint-stock company are good, dividends increase or expected dividends will increase, the stock price of this joint-stock company will rise; otherwise, it will fall.
(1) Open a stock account
Customers who want to enter the stock market must first open a stock account. A stock account is a passport for investors to enter the market. Only with it can they enter the market to buy and sell securities. . Stock accounts are also called shareholder code cards in Shenzhen.
1. Documents required to open a stock account. Stock accounts can be divided into two types: personal accounts and legal person accounts. To open an individual account, individual investors must hold their valid identity documents (usually their own identity cards). The information required for a legal person to open an account includes: valid legal person certification document (business license) and its copy; legal representative certificate and his or her ID card, legal person's power of attorney and trustee's ID card. The stock accounts of the Shanghai Stock Exchange are centrally and uniformly managed by the securities registration company affiliated to the exchange, and the specific account opening procedures are entrusted to relevant agencies. To open a stock account at the Shenzhen Stock Exchange, in addition to providing your ID card, you also need to provide a designated bank passbook. Account opening in Shenzhen is handled uniformly by the Shenzhen Securities Registration Company. A natural person or legal person can go to the securities registration agency where the chosen securities business institution is located to open an account.
2. Information required to open a stock account. When opening a stock account, individual investors should provide detailed information about themselves and their clients, including their names, genders, ID numbers, home addresses, occupations, contact numbers, etc. Legal person investors should provide the legal person's address, phone number, name, gender, written authorization, bank account and account number, postal code, institution nature, etc. of the legal representative and authorized securities transaction executor.
3. Basic conditions for opening a stock account.
According to relevant national regulations, the following persons are not allowed to open stock accounts:
⑴ Relevant personnel in charge of securities affairs in the securities regulatory authority;
⑵ Stock exchange managers;
< p>⑶ Personnel in securities operating institutions who are directly related to stock issuance or trading;⑷ Institutional staff who have direct administrative affiliation or management relationship with the issuer;
⑸ Others Insiders related to stock offerings or transactions.
After opening a stock securities account on the Shanghai Stock Exchange, you need to handle designated transactions, and you can designate the account to trade at a certain securities firm. Such designated transactions can be processed at any time and can also be canceled at any time. After opening a stock account on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange, entrusted transactions can only be handled at designated securities institutions. If investors need to entrust other securities institutions, they must go through the custody transfer procedures in advance.
With the development of the securities market, the functions of stock accounts are no longer limited to stocks but have been expanded to include funds, equity certificates, paperless treasury bonds, etc.
(2) Open a capital account
After opening a stock account, you need to open a capital account. Currently, in the Shanghai Stock Exchange system, capital accounts are opened at securities institutions and are only valid at that institution. Securities operating institutions pay interest on deposits in investors' capital accounts based on bank demand deposit rates. The documents and information required to open a capital account are basically the same as those for a stock account.
Magnetic card account. At present, magnetic card accounts that combine the functions of stock accounts and capital accounts are gradually becoming more and more popular, so that after the entire capital account is connected to the Internet, clearing work can be centralized.
(3) The customer fills in the order form
The customer can enter the market for trading after completing the stock account and capital account. The document establishing the agency relationship between two parties shall have legal effect. The order form is generally in two or three copies. One copy will be reviewed, stamped and confirmed by the securities firm before being handed over to the client, and the other copy will be executed by the securities firm. After the transaction is completed, the customer goes to the securities firm with the order to handle clearing and delivery. If the transaction result is inconsistent with the content of the order, the customer can make representations to the securities firm based on the order to safeguard his or her legitimate rights and interests.
(4) Acceptance of entrustments by securities firms
Acceptance of entrustments by securities firms includes three basic steps: review, declaration and input. At present, in addition to this traditional three-link method, there are two other ways: First, the three links of review, declaration, and input are integrated in one go. The customer uses an automatic entrustment method to input the information into the computer. After the computer conducts review and confirmation, it directly enters the computer host in the venue; Second, after the securities firm accepts the entrusted review, it directly enters the information into the computer.
(5) Matchmaking transactions
The operation of the modern securities market is characterized by the automation of transactions and paperless share clearing and transfer. The procedures for computer matching and centralized trading are: Securities The dealer's purchase and sale declaration is input through the terminal. Each order consists of the order serial number (that is, the contract serial number when the customer entrusts it), the purchase and sale distinction (represented by 0 and 1 respectively when inputting), and the securities code (use the designated 4-digit or 6 digits, and the securities name is listed in Chinese characters when echoed), the entrustment procedure, the entrustment limit price, the number of valid days and other information. The computer performs bidding processing (collective bidding and continuous bidding) based on the input information, and automatically completes transactions based on the principle of "price priority, time priority".
(6) Clearing and Delivery
Clearing refers to the amount of securities bought and sold between securities firms through the stock exchange after the securities buyers and sellers have completed the transactions on the stock exchange. A procedure to calculate the difference between securities receivable, securities payable and stock capital payable by offsetting the amounts and amounts respectively. Currently, the Shenzhen stock market operates under a "centralized clearing and decentralized registration" model, while the Shanghai stock market operates under a "centralized clearing and centralized registration" model, which will not be introduced in detail here.
Delivery refers to the procedures for investors and entrusted securities firms to handle capital and share clearing business for completed transactions. Transactions in Shenzhen and Shanghai are handled according to the principle of centralized clearing and net settlement.
(7) Transfer
The so-called transfer means changing the original account name for selling securities to the account name for buying securities after clearing and delivery. For registered securities, only when the transfer process is completed by the person who completes the transfer process, does it mean that he or she has complete ownership of the securities. Individual stocks currently listed on the two stock exchanges usually do not require shareholders to go through the transfer procedures in person. A-share trading transactions are completed in accordance with the above procedures.
How to buy stocks?
Super detailed answer:
After you have completed the securities account card and capital account, open the door of the securities business department and see the stock price flashing on the display screen. Maybe you don't know exactly how to buy and sell stocks. So, let me introduce it further to you. In fact, as a stock investor, you cannot directly enter the stock exchange to buy and sell stocks, but can only buy and sell stocks through members of the stock exchange. The so-called members of the stock exchange are common securities operating institutions, that is, brokers. You can give a broker an order to buy or sell a stock, which is called an order. You must present your trading password or securities account when entrusting. What needs to be pointed out here is that the legal orders in my country's securities transactions are limit orders that are valid on that day. This means that the entrustment instructions issued by investors to securities firms must specify the name (or code), quantity, and price of the stock to buy or sell. And this order is only valid on the day the order is issued.
The content of the entrustment includes the abbreviation (code) of the stock you want to buy or sell, the quantity and the price of buying or selling the stock. The stock abbreviation is usually four to three Chinese characters. The stock code is six digits in Shanghai and four digits in Shenzhen. The stock code and abbreviation must be consistent when entrusting the transaction. At the same time, there are certain regulations on the number of stocks bought and sold: that is, the number of stocks entrusted to buy must be an integral multiple of 100, but the number of stocks entrusted to sell does not need to be an integral multiple of 100.
There are four methods of entrustment: order delivery at the counter, automatic entrustment by telephone, automatic entrustment by computer and remote terminal entrustment.
1. For order delivery over the counter, you bring your ID card and account card to the counter of the securities business department where you opened a capital account to fill in the power of attorney to buy or sell stocks, and then the person at the counter will Implemented after review by staff.
2. Computer automatic entrustment means that you personally input the code, quantity and price of buying or selling stocks on the computer in the lobby of the securities business department, and the computer will execute your entrustment order.
3. Automatic telephone entrustment is to use the telephone to dial the automatic telephone entrustment system at the counter of the securities business department where you opened a capital account, and use the number and symbol keys on the phone to enter the stock you want to buy or sell. Code, quantity and price to complete the order.
4. Remote terminal commission means that you place a buy or sell order through a remote terminal connected to the securities counter computer system or the Internet.
Except for the counter delivery order method, which requires the counter staff to confirm your identity, the other three order methods use your transaction password to confirm your identity, so be sure to keep your Please keep your trading password to avoid leaking it and causing unnecessary losses to you. After confirming your identity, the order will be sent to the exchange's computer trading matching host. The exchange's matching host tests the legitimacy of the received orders, then determines the transaction price according to the bidding rules, automatically matches the transaction, and immediately transmits the results to the securities firm, so that you can know whether your order has been completed. Orders that cannot be filled are queued up according to the principle of "price priority, time priority", waiting to be filled with orders that come in later. Orders that cannot be executed on the same day will automatically expire and can be re-ordered the next day using the above method.
The trading hours of the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges are from Monday to Friday, from 9:30 to 11:30 in the morning and from 1:00 to 3:00 in the afternoon. Except statutory holidays.
To buy and sell stocks, let me start with the process.
To apply for a securities account card and a capital account card, go to the business hall of a securities firm. The processing time is generally during trading hours, that is, from Monday to Friday from 9:30 to 11:30 in the morning and from 13:00 to 15:00 in the afternoon. Bring your ID card. If you only trade ordinary stocks in Shanghai and Shenzhen (A-share transactions ) The fee should be 100 yuan. Remember, it is best to activate online transactions (it is free to activate), so that transactions are more convenient, otherwise it will be more troublesome to make a phone call or go to the business hall to swipe your card.
You should know the business hall of a securities firm. Usually it will say XX Securities XX Sales Department, just go in and ask. Try to find a brokerage that is more reputable in your local area.
Okay, after applying for the securities account card and capital account card, you can open an account. Wait until early the next morning, and the staff in the business office will help you do the designated transactions. Then you can buy and sell stocks (you don’t have to worry about the designated transactions, just be careful. Opening an account on the same day usually takes until the next day< Stocks can be bought and sold only on the second trading day)
Now, let’s go through the bank-securities transfer (it can conveniently transfer the money in your bank passbook to the capital account card for stock trading). Go to the bank designated by the business hall where you opened an account (such as Industrial and Commercial Bank of China), use your original passbook (deposit card) or apply for a new one, and associate it with your capital card. This procedure is to handle bank-securities transfer (note: also This can only be done during trading hours, not bank working hours) In that way, you usually only need to transfer money to your corresponding bank card, and then transfer it online or at the bank, and then you can transfer the money to your stock trading capital account card. Inside.
The last step is to activate online trading, go to the designated website to download a trading software, and then install it. You can log in and make transactions through your account password.
At this point, the pre-transaction account opening, bank-securities transfer, and online trading software installation work have been completed, and you can start buying and selling stocks.
Let’s talk about how to trade stocks, that is, how to buy and how to sell.
Here, we will not talk about call auctions (this is usually done at the beginning, so there is no need to participate) and directly talk about the daily trading of stocks.
When you usually buy or sell a stock, the transaction price is matched by the exchange. The so-called matching means that people who want to buy stocks quote a price, for example:
A 600000 (this is the stock code) wants to buy 1,000 shares for 5 yuan
B 600000 4 I want to buy 50,000 shares for 5 yuan
I sold 2,000 shares for 600,000 yuan C
Then, since buyer and seller A is willing to buy for 5 yuan and C is willing to sell for 5 yuan, the transaction is considered completed . C sold 1,000 shares to A for 600,000 5 yuan each. After the transaction is completed, the current price of the stock becomes 5 yuan.
This is a simple example of a transaction.
The so-called hold-up means that for example, if you bought a stock for 5 yuan per share, but now the market price of the stock is only 4 yuan per share, then you will lose money. It's called being trapped. If this stock sells for 6 yuan per share in the market, then you have made a profit. If you sell it, you can make 1 yuan per share.
The buying and selling process is actually very simple. It doesn't matter whether you are trading online, placing orders over the phone, or going to a business office, it's all the same. There are several elements, namely stock code, price, quantity, and buying and selling direction.
In other words, as long as you tell me what stock it is and how much it costs, and I buy or sell more shares, it is called an order. In this way, it is considered buying and selling stocks.
As for constraints, whether you buy or sell, someone must sell it to you or someone is willing to buy it. In other words, your price must be reasonable. Otherwise, there are so many people in the market, and if you want to sell at a very high price, and others are selling at a lower price than you, of course they are willing to buy other people's stocks, not yours. In the same way, if you want to buy a stock, others are willing to buy it at a very high price, but if you offer a very low price, of course you won't be able to buy it. In fact, it is the same as when we go to the vegetable market to buy and sell vegetables and radishes. Haha...
By the way, the exchange stipulates the minimum unit, and you must abide by it. For example, when buying and selling stocks, you need to buy at least 100 shares, and it must be an integral multiple of 100. Stock prices are quoted to two decimal places to the nearest cent. The minimum selling unit is 1 share, and the price is also cents.
As for the amount of money invested, it’s up to you. If you just want to have fun and do something small, just invest 5,000 to 10,000 yuan. A little more is fine. Remember: there are risks in entering the market, so be cautious when investing!
1. Complete the securities account card and capital account
After you have completed the securities account card and capital account, open the door of the securities business department and see the display screen continuously. With the flashing stock prices, maybe you still don’t know how to buy and sell stocks. So, let me introduce it further to you. In fact, as a stock investor, you cannot directly enter the stock exchange to buy and sell stocks, but can only buy and sell stocks through members of the stock exchange. The so-called members of the stock exchange are common securities operating institutions, that is, brokers. You can give a broker an order to buy or sell a stock, which is called an order. You must present your trading password or securities account when entrusting. What needs to be pointed out here is that the legal orders in my country's securities transactions are limit orders that are valid on that day. This means that the entrustment instructions issued by investors to securities firms must specify the name (or code), quantity, and price of the stock to buy or sell. And this order is only valid on the day the order is issued. The content of the entrustment includes the abbreviation (code) of the stock you want to buy or sell, the quantity and the price of buying or selling the stock. The stock abbreviation is usually four to three Chinese characters. The stock code is six digits in Shanghai and four digits in Shenzhen. The stock code and abbreviation must be consistent when entrusting the transaction. At the same time, there are certain regulations on the number of stocks bought and sold: that is, the number of stocks entrusted to buy must be an integral multiple of 100, but the number of stocks entrusted to sell does not need to be an integral multiple of 100.
There are four methods of entrustment: order delivery at the counter, automatic entrustment by telephone, automatic entrustment by computer and remote terminal entrustment.
1. For order delivery over the counter, you bring your ID card and account card to the counter of the securities business department where you opened a capital account to fill in the power of attorney to buy or sell stocks, and then the person at the counter will Implemented after review by staff.
2. Computer automatic entrustment means that you personally input the code, quantity and price of buying or selling stocks on the computer in the lobby of the securities business department, and the computer will execute your entrustment order.
3. Automatic telephone entrustment is to use the telephone to dial the automatic telephone entrustment system at the counter of the securities business department where you opened a capital account, and use the number and symbol keys on the phone to enter the stock you want to buy or sell. Code, quantity and price to complete the order.
4. Remote terminal commission means that you place a buy or sell order through a remote terminal connected to the securities counter computer system or the Internet.
Except for the counter delivery order method, which requires the counter staff to confirm your identity, the other three order methods use your transaction password to confirm your identity, so be sure to keep your Please keep your trading password to avoid leaking it and causing unnecessary losses to you. After confirming your identity, the order will be sent to the exchange's computer trading matching host. The exchange's matching host tests the legitimacy of the received orders, then determines the transaction price according to the bidding rules, automatically matches the transaction, and immediately transmits the results to the securities firm, so that you can know whether your order has been completed. Orders that cannot be filled are queued up according to the principle of "price priority, time priority", waiting to be filled with orders that come in later. Orders that cannot be executed on the day will automatically expire and can be re-ordered the next day using the above method.
The trading hours of the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges are from Monday to Friday, 9:30 to 11:30 am and 1:00 to 3:00 pm. Except statutory holidays.
Second, stock selection
Divide the stock investment analysis process into eight steps. In the `Analysis Summary
Summary` column, various analyzes are synthesized to form a relatively comprehensive analysis result.
The following is the main content of the "Eight Steps
Stock Model":
—————————————————————— ———————————
1. Advantage analysis: What does the company do? Is there a brand advantage? Is there a monopoly advantage? Is it an indicator stock?
2. Industry analysis: What is the prospect of the industry you are in? What is your position in this industry?
3. Financial analysis: What is the profitability? What's the growth momentum? Is the product profitable? Can the product be exchanged for real
gold and silver? Is the guarantee ratio high? Does the major shareholder owe a lot?
4. Return analysis: Is the company’s return to shareholders high? More money or dividends? Are there any good dividend plans in the near future
?
5. Main force analysis: Are institutions increasing or reducing their positions? Are the chips more concentrated or dispersed? How are the changes in price changes
? Are there any big deals?
6. Valuation analysis: Is the current stock price overvalued or undervalued?
7. Technical analysis: How has the stock performed recently? Where are the support and resistance levels?
8. Analysis summary: What are the results of the analysis? What variables exist?
The daily K-line chart is composed of today's opening price, closing price, highest price, and lowest price. If the color of the K-line is red (or white), it means that the closing price is higher than the opening price. If it is green, it means that the closing price is lower than the opening price. The thin line in the middle of the K line goes up to today's highest price, and down to today's lowest price.
Section 1 Introduction to the K-line Chart Analysis Method
K-line chart is a kind of chart that originated in Japan and was used by merchants in the Japanese rice market to record the market conditions and price fluctuations of the rice market. , and was later introduced to the stock market and futures market because of its delicate and unique marking method. At present, this kind of chart analysis method is particularly popular in my country and even the entire Southeast Asia region. Because the shape of the chart drawn by this method is quite like a candle, and these candles are black and white, it is also called a Yin and Yang line chart. Through the K-line chart, we can completely record the market performance of each day or a certain period. After a period of trading, the stock price will form a special area or pattern on the chart. Different forms show different meanings. We can find out some regular things from these changes in form. K-line chart patterns can be divided into reversal patterns, consolidation patterns, gaps and trend lines, etc. Starting from the third section of this chapter, we will conduct a detailed analysis of these patterns one by one.
Stock terms
Terminology collection
Opening price: refers to the price of the first transaction in the daily transactions.
Closing price: refers to the price of the last stock traded every day, which is the closing price.
Transaction quantity: refers to the number of stocks traded on the day.
Highest price: refers to the highest transaction price among the different prices of stock transactions on the day.
Lowest price: refers to the lowest transaction price among the different prices traded on the day.
Rising price: refers to the opening price being much higher than the closing price of the previous day.
Opening low: refers to the opening price being much lower than the closing price of the previous day.
Trading: It means that investors do not actively buy and sell, but adopt a wait-and-see attitude, causing the stock price to change very little on the day. This situation is called trading.
Consolidation: It means that after a period of sharp rise or fall, the stock price begins to fluctuate slightly and enters a stage of stable change. This phenomenon is called consolidation, and consolidation is the preparation stage for the next big change.
Pan Jian: The stock price rises slowly, which is called Pan Jian.
Soft market: The stock price falls slowly, which is called market softness.
Gap: refers to the stock price starting to jump sharply due to strong bullish or bad news. A gap usually occurs at the beginning or end of a large stock price move.
Retracement: refers to the phenomenon that during the rising process of stock price, it temporarily falls back due to excessive rise.
Rebound: It refers to the phenomenon that in a falling market, the stock price sometimes rebounds temporarily due to the support of buyers because it falls too fast. The rebound amplitude is smaller than the decline amplitude, and the downward trend resumes after the rebound.
Number of transactions: refers to the number of transactions of various stocks on the day.
Transaction volume: refers to the total price of each stock traded on the day.
Last bid price: refers to the price that buyers want to buy after the market closes that day.
Last bid: refers to the seller’s asking price after the market closes that day.
Bulls: People who are optimistic about the market outlook of a stock, buy the stock first, wait for the stock price to rise to a certain price, and then sell the stock to earn the price difference.
Short position: refers to investors who believe that the stock price has risen to the highest point and will fall soon, or that when the stock has begun to fall, it will continue to fall and sell when the price is high.
Rise and fall: Compare the closing price of each day with the closing price of the previous day to determine whether the stock price rises or falls. Generally, they are represented by "+" and "-" signs on the bulletin board above the trading desk.
Price: refers to the unit of increase or decrease of the asking price. The price range varies with the stock's market price per share.
Take the Shanghai Stock Exchange as an example: the price per share is 0.10 yuan when the price reaches 100 yuan; the price per share is 100-200 yuan, it is 0.20 yuan; the price per share is 200-300 yuan, the price is 0.30 yuan; the price per share is 300-400 yuan. The price per share is 0.50 yuan; the price per share is 1.00 yuan when the market price exceeds 400 yuan;
Standard: refers to the situation where stock prices often hover and stagnate in the stock market, and cannot go up within a certain period of time. If you can't get down, Shanghai investors call this a stalemate.
Allotment of shares: When a company issues new shares, it will be allocated to shareholders for subscription at a special price (lower than the market price) based on the number of shares they own.
Ask price, offer price: the lowest price at which the seller is willing to sell the stock in stock trading.
Quotes: Some large banks, brokerage companies, and stock exchanges have large electronic screens that can provide customers with stock quotes at any time.
Profit and loss critical point: the base point of stock trading volume on the exchange. If it exceeds this point, profit will be achieved, and vice versa.
Fill in interest: Before ex-dividend, the stock market price is approximately equal to the market price before ex-dividend is announced plus the dividend to be distributed. The share price will therefore rise after an ex-dividend announcement. After the ex-dividend is completed, the stock price will often fall below the stock price before the ex-dividend. The difference between the two is approximately equal to the dividend. If after the ex-dividend is completed, the stock price rises close to or exceeds the stock price before the ex-dividend, and the difference between the two is made up, it is called interest filling.
Par value: refers to the par value of the stock initially set by the company.
Statutory capital: For example, the statutory capital of a company is 20 million yuan, but only 10 million yuan is enough when it starts business. The full payment of 10 million yuan by the shareholders is the paid-up capital.
Blue chip stocks: refer to stocks issued by listed companies with strong capital and good reputation.
Trust stocks: refer to stocks that provident fund holders have been approved by the Provident Fund Board to invest in.
Stocks that can be traded on margin: refer to stocks that can be traded on margin.
Include dividends: Include dividends when buying and selling stocks.
Dividends not included: Dividends are not included when buying and selling stocks.
Including bonus shares: When buying and selling stocks, the company’s issuance of bonus shares is included.
Excludes bonus shares: Bonus shares are not included when buying and selling stocks.
Includes rights shares: you can enjoy rights shares distributed by the company.
Excluding rights shares: Excluding rights shares.
Includes all rights and interests: including various rights and interests such as dividends, bonus shares or additional shares.
Excludes all rights and interests: that is, it does not enjoy various rights and interests.
Broker commission: The remuneration a broker receives for executing a client's instructions, usually calculated as a percentage of the transaction amount.
Short market: A market in which the stock price shows a long-term downward trend. In the short market, the stock price changes in a large decrease and a small increase. Also called a bear market.
Equity Capital: All shares of stock that represent ownership in a business, including common stock and preferred stock.
Capitalized securities: New shares provided free of charge based on the proportion of shares held by common shareholders, also known as temporary shares or bonus shares.
Cash selling: After the transaction is completed on the stock exchange, the act of requiring the delivery of securities on the same day is called cash selling.
Bull shorting: Bulls who were originally optimistic about the market change their views and not only sell the stocks in their hands, but also borrow the stocks to sell them. This behavior is called shorting or long shorting.
Full flip: A person who was originally a short-seller changes his mind and not only buys back the stocks he sold, but also buys more stocks. This behavior is called flip long.
Short buying: A speculative behavior in which the stock price is expected to rise, so one buys the stock, then sells the purchased stock before the actual delivery, and collects or makes up the difference when the actual delivery is made.
Short selling: A speculative behavior in which the stock price is expected to fall, so the stock is sold, and the sold stock is replenished before actual delivery occurs. When delivery is made, only the price difference is settled.
Bad: Factors and news that cause the stock price to fall and take advantage of short positions.
Positive: It is factors and news that stimulate the rise of stock prices and are beneficial to bulls.
Short-selling: It is the behavior of being optimistic about the stock price outlook, borrowing stocks to sell, or selling stock futures, and then buying them back after waiting for a long period of time.
Short shorting: The stock price is bearish in the short term, and the borrowed stock is sold and covered in a short period of time.
Long-term: It is optimistic about the stock price in the long term. It believes that the stock price will continue to rise in the long term, so it buys the stock and holds it for a long time, and then sells it after the stock price rises for a long time, and earns the difference to find a handsome man's shape. ?nbsp;
Short-long: It is the behavior of being optimistic about the stock price in the short term, buying stocks, and selling if the stock price does not rise slightly.
Short covering: It is the act of buying back previously sold stocks with a short position.
Short selling: refers to grabbing a short position and selling a stock short. Unexpectedly, the stock price did not fall that day, so we had to make up for it at a high price and lose money.
Many kills: It is generally believed that the stock price will rise that day, so there are many people grabbing long hats in the market. However, the stock price does not rise significantly. When the transaction is about to end, they compete to sell, resulting in the closing price A substantial decline.
Short squeeze: It is generally believed that the stock price will fall that day, so everyone rushes to short-sell. However, the stock price does not fall significantly, and it is impossible to buy at a low price. They have to compete to cover before the market closes, which makes the closing price rise. Increased amplitude.
Death long: It means being optimistic about the prospects of the stock market. After buying a stock, if the stock price drops, you would rather keep it for a few years and never sell it if you don't want money.
Hold-up: refers to the expectation that the stock price will rise, but unexpectedly the stock price falls all the way after buying; or the expectation that the stock price will fall, but after selling the stock, the stock price keeps rising. The former is called long hold-up, and the latter is short hold-up. .
Capital grabbing: refers to the behavior of buying low and then selling high, or selling high and then buying low, buying and selling stocks of the same type and quantity on the same day, and earning the price difference.
Hat customer: A person who engages in the behavior of grabbing hats is called a hat customer.
Beheading: It refers to grabbing the long position and buying a stock. Unexpectedly, the stock price did not rise that day, but fell instead, so we had to sell it at a low price and lose money.