rice industry research report
In today's society, the report plays an important role, and all the information mentioned in the report should be accurate. How should we write the report? The following is a survey report on rice industry compiled by me. I hope it will help you.
I. Definition and classification of rice industry
(I) Definition of rice industry
Rice refers to the finished products made from rice after cleaning, husking, milling and finishing. According to the Classification and Code of National Economic Industries formulated by the National Bureau of Statistics, China classified the rice industry as the grain milling (C131) in the agricultural and sideline food processing industry (Code 13 of the National Bureau of Statistics), and its statistical grade 4 code was C131.
(II) Classification of main products in rice industry < P > Rice in China is divided into three categories: indica rice, japonica rice and glutinous rice. Indica rice is made of indica non-waxy rice, and the rice grains are generally oblong or slender. According to the harvest season of indica rice, it can be divided into early indica rice and late indica rice. Japonica rice is made of japonica non-waxy rice, and the rice grains are generally oval. According to the harvest season of japonica rice, it can be divided into early japonica rice and late japonica rice. Glutinous rice is made of waxy rice, which is milky white, opaque, translucent and sticky. It can be divided into two types: indica glutinous rice and japonica glutinous rice. Indica glutinous rice is made of indica glutinous rice, and the rice grains are generally oblong or slender. Japonica rice is made of japonica rice, and the rice grains are generally oval.
second, analysis of the policy environment of rice industry
◆ Exempt from agricultural tax and improve farmers' enthusiasm
In order to further mobilize farmers' enthusiasm, the No.1 document of the Central Committee of 2xx, "Opinions of the Central Committee of the State Council on Further Strengthening Rural Work and Improving Agricultural Comprehensive Production Capacity", requires that agricultural tax reduction and exemption be intensified, and all provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China have successively announced that they will be exempted from agricultural tax, and the tenth session in December of 2xx.
Cancel the export tax rebate for grain, and control the export of grain
In response to the pressure brought by a large number of exports to the domestic grain supply, the Ministry of Finance and State Taxation Administration of The People's Republic of China jointly announced in December 2xx that the export tax rebate for wheat, paddy, rice, corn, soybeans and other raw grains and their milling will be cancelled from December 2, 2xx, involving 84 taxes. According to the announcement, the specific implementation time of export tax rebate shall be based on the export date indicated by the customs in the "Export Goods Declaration Form". Among them, after March 1st, 2xx, both new and old contracts will be implemented according to the adjusted tax refund rate. In June, 2xx, the Ministry of Finance announced that the export tax rebate including alcohol, corn starch and other commodities will be cancelled from July 15th, 2xx.
Since 2xx, China has fully implemented comprehensive subsidies for grain farmers. At present, China's agricultural subsidy policy mainly includes direct subsidies for grain farmers, comprehensive subsidies for agricultural materials, subsidies for improved varieties and subsidies for the purchase of agricultural machinery and tools, which are referred to as "four subsidies" for short. In 2xx, the central government arranged 19 billion yuan of direct subsidies for grain farmers, 75.6 billion yuan of comprehensive subsidies for agricultural materials, 19.85 billion yuan of subsidies for improved varieties and 13 billion yuan of subsidies for purchasing agricultural machinery and tools, which played a positive role in mobilizing farmers' enthusiasm for farming and growing grain.
in 2xx, the central government will continue to implement subsidies for grain farmers, and the subsidy funds are required to be distributed to farmers engaged in grain production in principle, which will be determined by the provincial people's governments according to the actual situation; Establish and improve the dynamic adjustment system of comprehensive agricultural subsidies, arrange comprehensive agricultural subsidies in a timely manner according to the price changes of agricultural materials such as fertilizers and diesel oil, and follow the principle of "price compensation as a whole, dynamic adjustment, only increase but not decrease" to make up for the increased cost of agricultural means of production for grain farmers.
in 2xx, direct subsidies for grain farmers will continue to be implemented. The central government has arranged 15.1 billion yuan of direct subsidies for grain and 86 billion yuan of comprehensive subsidies for agricultural materials, totaling 11.1 billion yuan.
◆ The main grain producing areas implement the minimum purchase price
The Opinions on Further Deepening the Reform of Grain Circulation System (Guo Fa [2xx] No.17) issued by the State Council in 2xx decided to "fully open the grain purchase market in 2xx, actively and steadily promote the reform of grain circulation system" and clearly "transform the formation mechanism of grain prices. Under normal circumstances, the grain purchase price is formed by market supply and demand, and the state implements macro-control on the basis of giving full play to the market mechanism. To give full play to the guiding role of price, when there are major changes in grain supply and demand, in order to ensure market supply and protect farmers' interests, when necessary, the State Council can decide to implement the minimum purchase price for key grain varieties in short supply in major grain producing areas. ".
on February 31st, 2xx, in order to guide the market grain price to rise steadily, protect farmers' enthusiasm for growing grain and further promote the development of grain production, the state decided to continue to implement the minimum purchase price policy in the main rice producing areas in 2xx, and appropriately raise the minimum purchase price level. With the approval of the State Council, the minimum purchase prices of early indica rice (third-class, the same below), mid-late indica rice and japonica rice produced in 2xx were raised to 93 yuan, 97 yuan and 15 yuan per 5kg respectively, which were 3.3%, 5.4% and 1.5% higher than those of 3 yuan, 5 yuan and 1 yuan respectively in 2xx.
in order to further increase support for grain production and increase farmers' income from grain production, the state has decided to appropriately raise the minimum purchase price level of wheat and rice produced in the main producing areas for 2xx years from the time when new grain is listed. The minimum purchase price of early indica rice (third-class, the same below), mid-late rice and japonica rice per 5kg was raised to 12 yuan, 17 yuan and 128 yuan respectively, which was 9.7%, 1.3% and 21.9% higher than that of 9 yuan, 1 yuan and 23 yuan in 2xx. Raising the minimum purchase price of wheat and rice will help to compensate the increase of grain production cost, promote the steady growth of farmers' income from grain production and ensure the stable development of grain production.
iii. analysis of industrial chain of rice industry
downstream consumption of rice industry is mainly manifested in rations and industrial food processing. First of all, the average annual consumption of rations exceeds 1 million tons, accounting for about 85% of rice sales. With the development of economy and the improvement of people's living standards, people's consumption habits and diet structure are constantly adjusted, and the consumption forms will be increasingly diversified. The per capita consumption of rice rations is generally stable and declining. However, due to the expanding trend of rice consumption groups in the north, and the increasing consumption of rice in brewing and food, and the strong growth of feed demand, the total demand for rice is still rising steadily.
The upstream industrial chain of rice includes fertilizer industry, agricultural machinery industry and agricultural transport vehicle industry, which have great influence on the development of rice industry. Many industries in the national economy are related to the rice industry, and the development of all aspects of the national economy will affect the development of the rice industry, so the development of the rice industry depends on the development of the national economy.
iv. analysis of the development of rice industry
on the whole, due to the sharp decline of rice planting area in China, the output of rice has declined, which has led to a sharp increase in rice imports. According to the preliminary estimate of China National Cereals and Oils Information Center, the rice output in 2xx decreased by .7% to 2. China imported about 2.24 million tons of rice. The increase of rice external dependence in China will have a very negative impact on the industry, and it is an inevitable trend to increase rice supply in China in the future.
V. Analysis of Five Forces Competition Model of China Rice Industry
(I) Analysis of Supplier's Bargaining Power
The main upstream industries of rice industry are: fertilizer industry, pesticide industry, agricultural machinery industry, agricultural transport vehicle industry and fuel industry.
At present, the total supply and demand of fertilizers and pesticides in China are basically balanced, but the upward adjustment of natural gas prices, the adjustment of coal and electricity prices, and the rising prices of various raw materials will push up the overall costs of fertilizers and pesticides. The state will play an important role in stabilizing the market, stabilizing prices and ensuring the basic balance of market supply and demand by means of export regulation, reserve regulation, coordinated transportation and market supervision. Therefore, in the long run, the price increase of fertilizers and pesticides is imperative, and the bargaining power of rice industry for fertilizers and pesticides will gradually weaken.
the state encourages and supports the development of agricultural machinery and agricultural transport vehicle industries, which have developed rapidly in recent years. Because the mechanization rate of rice harvesting in China is low and the grain transportation capacity is insufficient, the demand for agricultural machinery and agricultural transportation vehicles will be very strong for a long time, and the bargaining power of rice industry for these two industries is weak.
With the economic slowdown at home and abroad, the global consumption of crude oil is generally weak, so the fuel price will not increase much in the short term; However, in the long run, with the decrease of recoverable crude oil and the gradual recovery of the global economy, the gradual increase in demand for crude oil will promote the long-term rise of crude oil prices, so the fuel price will show an upward trend in the long run.
(II) Analysis of purchasing bargaining power
The downstream demand of rice industry is mainly rations, industrial food, brewing and feed industries.
Although the per capita rice consumption in China has decreased, with the continuous growth of population, the total consumption of rice rations in China is on the rise. And in recent years, with the sustained and rapid development of industrial food, brewing and other industries in China, the demand for rice is increasing, which makes the rice industry master more bargaining chips and be in a favorable position among the bargaining parties. Therefore, China rice industry has strong bargaining power for the downstream.
(III) Threat Analysis of Industry Substitutes
Rice is the main food for most people in China, and the consumption of food in China accounts for about 85% of rice sales. In recent years, with the development of economy, people's diet structure has been adjusted, and various western catering methods have also affected the rice consumption in China to a certain extent. The per capita rice consumption in China has decreased compared with previous years.
Although western catering poses a certain threat to rice consumption, rice is still the main food ration consumed by China residents, and rice consumption is very rigid, with little threat from rice substitutes.
(IV) Analysis of potential entrants in the industry
On the one hand, China began to import Thai fragrant rice from the last century, and Thai fragrant rice first entered the Guangdong market, which opened up the grade of rice products. Because the quality of Thai fragrant rice is much higher than that of ordinary rice in China, rice in Hunan and Jiangxi has basically withdrawn from the middle and high-grade rice market in Guangdong. In recent years, with the rapid development of Vietnamese rice export, Vietnamese rice began to seize some high-end rice markets in China. However, in the long run, the total import and export volume of rice in China does not exceed 1 million tons, while the demand for rice in China exceeds 1 million tons. The rice in China is basically self-sufficient, so it is difficult for foreign rice to pose a threat to domestic rice in the short term.
On the other hand, in recent years, foreign enterprises began to enter the grain circulation field in China, and gradually controlled the edible oil market in China. The rice market is likely to be the next key market for foreign enterprises. If domestic enterprises do not take it seriously, they will be defeated in the competition.
(V) Analysis of the competition of existing enterprises in the industry
In recent years, the rice industry in China has grown rapidly, with an annual growth rate of over 25%, and has developed into a competitive industry. Market share of small and medium-sized enterprises has dropped from 85% in 2xx to less than 2%; The output of rice processing enterprises above designated size increased from 15 million tons in 2xx to 97.77 million tons in 2xx, with an average annual growth rate of 18.6%, especially in the last two years, enterprises above designated size maintained an annual growth rate of more than 3%. The market value of products above designated size increased from 2.6 billion yuan in 2xx to 354.6 billion yuan in 2xx, an increase of more than 135 times, with a compound annual growth rate of 26.5%.
The rice processing industry above designated size has become one of the fastest-growing agricultural and sideline food processing industries in China. Especially in the last two years, COFCO, Yihai and China Grain Reserve have entered the rice processing industry in China in a large scale, which has made the competition in the rice processing industry extremely fierce, resulting in a strong rice market pattern for two consecutive years, and many small and medium-sized rice processing enterprises are in trouble.
and the competition among leading enterprises is becoming more and more fierce. Since 2xx, the competition among leading domestic rice enterprises has become more and more fierce, no matter in the acquisition of raw grain, industrial layout, extension of industrial chain and brand competition, and this pattern is expected to continue. In a few years, the rice processing industry will gradually form a four-legged situation of Yihai, COFCO, China Grain Storage and Beidahuang. ;