First of all, it is clear that the purpose of financial management is not the rapid appreciation of property, but the steady appreciation on the basis of maintaining value. Here, preserving value is the first, and appreciation is the icing on the cake.

If you have a small amount of money and try to make your wealth free once and for all through Qian Shengqian, you will definitely fall into gambling with a probability of winning less than 50%. Highly leveraged games such as gold, oil, spot futures and dollars can indeed grow from small to large, but after all, there are many bankruptcies everywhere. It is ok to control the risk rate and gamble with little money. Unfortunately, less money means winning, not getting rich overnight. So many bosses say that risk control is an extremely important art of financial management, and in my opinion, this is the connotation of value preservation.

I believe many people have read the most famous introductory book on financial management, that is, Rich Dad and Poor Dad written by Robert Toru Kiyosaki. Friends who haven't read it can go and have a look. It is an entry-level financial management book.

The most important idea emphasized in Rich Dad and Poor Dad is 1. Let money work for people, not for money. 2. Buy assets instead of liabilities.

The first point is easy to understand, that is, let money generate money 24 hours a day through financial management. In fact, saving money in the bank to earn interest is also one of the ways, but the profit efficiency of money is a bit low, at least to run through inflation.

The second point may be a bit difficult to understand. For example, in Robert's view, buying wealth management products, real estate, stocks and skills training are all investment behaviors, while buying gorgeous clothes, the latest iPhone and new cars are all buying liabilities.

So what is the difference between assets and liabilities? Assets are products that can bring you cash inflows, while liabilities are products that lead to capital outflows. Specifically, buying wealth management products, real estate and stocks can bring cash under steady investment. Training and upgrading skills is an investment in people's main body, following the traditional law that many skills are not burdened, and becoming excellent can bring cash.

On the other hand, gorgeous clothes, new iPhone and new cars not only have the risk of depreciation when they are available, but also generate cash outflows for the maintenance and use of these products. However, we should also look at things in two. Economics pays attention to "benefit", from which many concepts such as "marginal benefit" and "maximum benefit" are derived. It is worth mentioning that the connotation of the word "benefit" itself is rich and vague. If buying a new iPhone can bring you great lasting pleasure and work convenience, and buying a car can save you a lot of commuting time, then the marginal benefit of your behavior itself is great, so buy it decisively. If the purchased items are closely related to saving time, I think they are also assets. After all, time is money, and the recognition of this sentence will deepen with the growth of age and experience.

Second, the principles of financial management

1. hedging. (Safety = overall low risk)

2. Ensure a certain cash flow, or a wealth management product with good liquidity.

3. diversify investment.

These three principles are very easy to understand. Based on this principle, I try to give a relatively compromise financial plan. Some friends will definitely mention the widely circulated quadrant chart of Standard & Poor's family assets, as shown below:

In short, 10% of the funds should be used as working cash, 20% for insurance and sudden large expenditures, 30% for high-risk assets such as stocks and funds, and 40% for low-risk assets.

Standard & Poor's distribution is a treasure in the investment field, from which the famous 432 1 rule evolved. Many people say that it is more suitable for the middle class with relatively stable total funds, but I don't think so.

Whether it is the middle class with relatively stable total funds or the young people who have just entered the society, S&P configuration has strong guidance and operability.

Simply put, young people can divide their monthly income into four parts, 40% of which is used for compulsory savings. This part of the money is to accumulate the original principal, and it is not necessary to use it; 30% share is used to support daily expenses, including food, clothing, housing and transportation, water, electricity and telephone charges; 20% of the share is used as a reserve fund, which is widely used. Whether you are sick, gathering with friends, socializing or shopping, you can use this reserve fund. The existence of this 20% can make your life less tense; Finally, 10%, this money can be used to buy insurance, or to enroll in some simple online courses, in order to help you increase your ability to resist risks.

Third, an example of asset allocation suitable for young people.

Considering the characteristics of young people, such as less total assets and more urgent funds (marriage, buying a house, etc.). ) and strong learning ability, combined with the characteristics of the investment market at this stage, we recommend the following asset allocation for reference, taking the net assets of 6,543,800+as an example.

Make a few explanations:

1. Risk and liquidity are defined according to personal preference. I suggest that you must do a risk test before investing in financial management to understand your risk preference;

2. Take the assets of 654.38+10,000 yuan as an example, adjust the investment ratio every 3-6 months to dynamically adapt to personal circumstances;

3. This table is the recommended asset allocation, so you need to make appropriate adjustments according to the situation, and once again warn that the investment is risky, and you need to be cautious in choosing.

Fourth, about insurance.

Whenever I mention insurance to people around me, they always look at me with suspicion. The eyes are "Did you switch to insurance?" ... this phenomenon has historical reasons. Chinese mainland's long-term insurance marketing strategy leads to mutual distrust between the company and the insured. On the one hand, people don't want to be "fooled" into participating in insurance. On the other hand, insurance companies are also wary of "fraudulent insurance" by active policyholders.

In the stage of wealth accumulation, the most unbearable thing is the massive capital consumption caused by accidents and diseases. It can be said rudely that major accidents and diseases can instantly destroy the savings of an ordinary family, and even be heavily in debt. Remember the first principle of investment and preserve value. Insurance is the best investment to help us tide over the difficulties and ensure that the value of assets will not shrink too much when we encounter small probability events such as major accidents. Most people are willing to buy insurance for hundreds of thousands of cars every year, but they always fantasize that accidents have nothing to do with themselves.

The operation is simple. Choose well-known companies in the mainland, such as Ping An, Pacific and Life Insurance. And buy an accident insurance and a major illness insurance every year. Friendly reminder: the younger the insurance, the more affordable it is. In recent years, it is also popular to go to Hong Kong to buy insurance, which is cost-effective. Of course, the premise is that you must go to Hong Kong to sign the contract in person.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) about P2P

Like insurance, it is those companies that don't really do P2P that destroy the investment environment. Real P2P products are risk-free.

What is P2P? According to Baidu Encyclopedia, "P2P is the abbreviation of English person-to-person, which means person to person. Also known as Peer-to-Peer peer-to-peer lending, it is a private micro-lending model, which gathers small amounts of funds and lends them to people who need them. It belongs to a kind of Internet finance (ITFIN) products. " "With qualified online credit companies (third-party companies and websites) as intermediary platforms, the Internet and mobile Internet technologies are used to provide a network platform for information release and transaction realization, so that both borrowers and lenders can meet their respective lending needs. The borrower publishes the loan target on the platform, the investor bids for the loan to the borrower, the borrower and the lender bid freely, and the platform matches the transaction. It is a new financial model developed with the development of the Internet and the rise of private lending, which is also the future development trend of financial services. "

Generally speaking, the real P2P company is essentially a risk control company, which uses the credit big data center and the Internet to complete the matching between borrowers and investors, and reduces the transaction risk through small amount of dispersion.

Which P2P companies are more reliable?

I recommend two types. The first category is the industry leader, which is what we usually call the head platform.

The second category is the asset-backed platform, that is, every loan has an asset mortgage. If the lender fails to repay the loan in time, the platform can go to the court to apply for an auction to return the investment money and interest. Because of the physical mortgage, the investment risk is also very small.

Six, about stocks

From my own experience, investment funds are a good choice. If you invest in a few stocks, you must have a long-term vision and a long-term vision. Time will surely give you rich rewards.

Invest early, and more importantly, keep learning, and your efforts will pay off. You see, the first step for young people to start financial management is not that difficult, is it?