In recent years, the world sorghum planting area has not changed much. Taking the statistical data of 1999 as an example, the planting area of sorghum is 448 16000 hm2, the total output is 658 1000 t, and the average output is 1468kg/hm2. Among them, Africa planted 2298 1 10,000 hm2, accounting for 5 1.3% of the total sorghum area in the world, with a total output of 1.9702 million t and a yield of 857 kg/hm2. Asia13.877 million hm2, accounting for 30.9%, with total output17.853 million t and output1.29 kg/hm2; 5710.9 million hm2 in North America, accounting for 12.8%, with a total output of 210.523 million t and a yield of 3,763 kg/hm2; South America 1.549 million hm2, accounting for 3.5%, with a total output of 4.862 million t and a yield of 31.38 kg/hm2; Oceania is 582,000 hm2, accounting for 1.3%, with total output of 1.26 million t and output of 2,376 kg/hm2; Europe148,000 hm2, accounting for 0.2%, with a total output of 604,000 t and 4077kg/hm2.
What is the sorghum output in AAA world? India is the largest sorghum producer in the world, with planting area of 1 1 0.2 million hm2, accounting for 25% of the total sorghum area in the world, with total output of1110,000 t and output of 982 kg/hm2. Nigerian sorghum covers an area of 6.635 million hm2, accounting for 14.8%, ranking second, with total output of 7103,000 t and output of10,71kg/hm2. Others are the United States, with a total output of 3.439 million hm2,14.734 million t and a yield of 4,284 kg/hm2. Mexico is 6.5438+0.85 million hm2, with total output of 6.297 million t and output of 3,404 kg/hm2. China is 1.463 million hm2, with a total output of 5.857 million t and a yield of 4,005 kg/hm2.
In Africa and Asia, sorghum, as the main cultivated crop in dryland agriculture, is mostly planted in arid and semi-arid areas. Due to poor production conditions, little rainfall, low and unstable output in these areas, the output per hectare generally does not exceed 1000kg. In most countries in Africa and India, Pakistan, Myanmar and other countries in Asia, sorghum seeds are the main food and sorghum stalks are used as feed. There are many limiting factors in sorghum production in African and Asian countries, including drought, poor soil, shortage of fertilizers and pesticides, and the harm of diseases, insects, birds and weeds. Drought is a common problem in sorghum production, and lodging caused by dry hot wind and strong wind in sorghum production season is also an important limiting factor. The main diseases of sorghum are downy mildew, leaf spot, anthracnose and head smut. The main pests are mango flies, chironomids, corn borers, stem borers, armyworms and aphids. The weed that harms sorghum is called Striga, which is a kind of weed parasitic on sorghum roots to absorb nutrients.
America is the world's highest sorghum production area, while Latin America is the world's latest sorghum production area, with a planting area of about 3.5 million hm2, including Mexico 1.85 million hm2 and Argentina 800,000 hm2. Sorghum is planted in various forms. In the United States, sorghum production is mainly carried out on large farms, usually to clean seeds. In other countries, sorghum is often intercropped with corn and beans in addition to clearing seeds. For example, sorghum and corn intercropping, corn and beans intercropping, intercropping or interplanting.
Australia is also one of the major sorghum producers in the world, with an annual planting area of about 600,000 hm2 and a total output of about 654.38+300,000 t ... The purpose of Australian sorghum production is to be used as feed and forage. It was planted from the settlements of early European immigrants, initially as a pasture for grazing and later producing seeds for local animal husbandry. Until the 1960s and 1970s, due to the discovery of export market, sorghum production developed rapidly, and the annual export volume reached more than 1 10,000 tons.
Europe's sorghum planting area is not large, and it is the region with the highest sorghum yield in the world. France, Italy, Russia and Spain are countries with large planting areas. Spain has the highest yield of 5692kg/hm2, followed by France with 5648kg/hm2. The purpose of European sorghum production is to be used as feed and forage. In recent years, the development of sweet sorghum as an energy crop has attracted the attention of the European Community and has been included in the Eureka Plan.