Due to the limitation of small and micro enterprises, the most common financial risks of uncertain enterprises come from financial market risks, which mainly include: changes in exchange rate and futures market bring changes in raw material costs and market prices, thus bringing risks of profitability; The capital problem brought by the change of capital supply leads to the risk of sustainable operation ability. In the face of financial risks, not all small and micro enterprises will incur bad luck, and their structural differences are still obvious. Many small and micro enterprises with good credit status, high return on assets and flexible operating mechanism can often avoid risks reasonably and continue to grow and develop. Take Zhangjiang Hi-tech Park as an example. Every year, small and micro enterprises develop and go public because of good management, but every year, many small and micro enterprises are eliminated and closed because of poor management leading to the break of capital chain.

It can be seen that scientific enterprise management is the king of risk prevention and control. The control methods of financial risk are generally divided into control methods and financial methods.

(1) control method refers to a method of implementing various control tools to eliminate all kinds of hidden dangers, reduce the factors of financial risks and minimize the serious consequences of losses before losses occur.

(2) Financial law refers to a method of using financial instruments to compensate the losses that have occurred in time after financial risk events, so as to promote recovery as soon as possible. In the case that financial risks have been swept away, small and micro enterprises are limited by scale, and enterprises lack differences and checks and balances. It is more appropriate to use financial law to control financial risks.

Refined financial management and effective prevention of financial risks. Small and micro enterprises want to prevent financial risks through refined and scientific financial management. First of all, we should establish the financial management goal centered on financial risk prevention and highlight the central position of financial management. In foreign countries, enterprises have raised financial risk control to the height of enterprise strategy, and the financial risk management system has gradually developed to the level of enterprise comprehensive risk management, which has become an important aspect of reflecting the core competitiveness of enterprises.

Therefore, leaders of small and micro enterprises should base themselves on their own reality, vigorously promote advanced financial management concepts and methods, choose appropriate financial management methods, and push enterprise management to a new level. For example, modern information technology or professional software can be used to realize scientific financial management; You can also use external forces to quickly improve the management level by hiring a professional financial management team. At present, Zhangjiang Hi-tech Park has a company that specializes in exporting financial management services for small and micro enterprises to help them improve their financial management level and risk resistance in a short time.

Secondly, it is necessary to establish a systematic financial management system and risk assessment system. Small and micro enterprises have no independent risk management department. In order to make the prevention of enterprise financial risks sustainable and professional, it is necessary to establish a systematic enterprise financial risk assessment system and financial management system, including quantitative risk assessment system, real-time early warning mechanism and regular reporting system. For example, decompose the items on the balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement, and dig out the risks exposed in all aspects of business activities, as well as the types and sizes of risks that can be tolerated.

In this evaluation process, four factors should be considered: the quantity and degree of risks, the ability and conditions of enterprises to manage risks, the external environmental conditions of risk management and the cost of risk management. Once financial risks are discovered, early warning signals should be issued immediately so as to take timely measures. Thirdly, establish a scientific decision-making response mechanism and take corresponding financial risk management measures. Under the shadow of the current financial risks, the first reaction of small and micro enterprises is to cut costs during the economic downturn. Through diversified financial channels, multi-pronged control measures can be taken.

(A) to strengthen financial management, reduce costs through multiple channels, improve gross profit margin, in order to enhance the ability to resist risks. Taking export enterprises as an example, the lack of core technology and core brands leads to low negotiation ability and low profit of export enterprises, which is difficult to be improved in a short time. The sharp rise in the cost of raw materials, coupled with the rise in labor costs, has made many small and micro enterprises overwhelmed by the appreciation of the RMB exchange rate. Therefore, we can reduce the cost and supply raw materials reasonably by reasonably reducing inventory, integrating centralized procurement in supply chain, finding compressed space from the fixed costs of enterprises, and rationally allocating the procurement and investment cycle of raw materials.

(2) establish a financial management mode centered on fund management, strive to broaden financing channels, and pay attention to the accumulation and rational distribution of self-owned funds. At present, many small and micro industries are generally caught in the predicament of financing difficulties, difficult collection of accounts and few orders, especially for export enterprises. Although banks, finance, etc. Support for small and micro enterprises is different, and the voice of financing difficulties is still very high. Relevant data show that more than 65% of the funds needed for the development of small and micro enterprises rely on their own funds or original accumulation, about 20% borrow from financial institutions, and the proportion of financing through listing or issuing bonds is less than 1%.

To this end, small and micro enterprises should focus on the following aspects:

First, actively strive for bank financing, constantly improve the credit status of enterprises and pay attention to long-term cooperation.

Second, actively explore other financing methods, such as listing on the main board of the stock market or the Growth Enterprise Market, so as to seek healthy and rapid development. It can also promote the rapid improvement of financial management level.

The third is to seek private lending. This method needs to be carefully mastered by small and micro enterprises. Generally, as a short-term emergency, it requires a very high level of financial management.

Fourth, the original accumulation and retained earnings should be regarded as the main sources of funds needed by enterprises. Strictly prevent the distribution of profits to non-production areas.

Fifth, we should strengthen the fund management in all aspects of enterprises, strive to tap the potential and increase efficiency, reduce unproductive expenditures, and strive to maximize the benefits of every penny. Accumulate funds and expand assets through throttling, laying a solid foundation for the rapid development of enterprises.

(3) Strengthen financial management, investment analysis and decision-making ability, and moderately control the development scale. Due to the changes in the current international and domestic markets, the needs of survival and development have prompted small and micro enterprises to carry out investment activities. However, small and micro enterprises have limited scale and energy, so it is unrealistic to want to expand rapidly in a short time.

In the case of insufficient funds, we should adhere to our capabilities and moderately control them. It is necessary to fully consider the profitability of the main business and the return ability of the invested projects, so as to ensure that the enterprise has sufficient endurance and will not push the enterprise to a desperate situation because of investment mistakes. Scientific and reasonable decision-making according to the prescribed procedures is the key to the success of project investment.

Small and micro enterprises should resolutely abandon the traditional mode of decision-making in the past, pay attention to establishing a scientific decision-making mechanism, fully demonstrate and analyze before making decisions, and conduct in-depth feasibility analysis to minimize risks and improve investment success rate. The writer is the financial director of Shanghai Zhang jiangdong district High-tech Joint Development Co., Ltd. Welcome to comment and share: