I knowledge and application of Chinese (12)
1. All the following glyphs and dotted phonetic symbols are correct () (2 points)
A. The vegetable bed (wā) was brewing, and I couldn't help laughing (jρn).
B. clarify (chénɡ) splash vividly (xiāo) those who complain about heaven.
C. the crust (ké) is the mainstay of science (dǐ).
D. Attract (lái) trivial things to disappear with relish (nü)
2. The correct word in the following sentence is () (2 points)
A. after a while, the storm started hysterically. suddenly, it was dark, as if the world was coming to an end.
B.she always smiles at people and is always eager to contribute to them.
C On June 5438+065438+1October 15, 2009, the 17th APEC Economic Leaders' Informal Meeting was successfully concluded in Singapore.
D. Looking at the Forbidden City from the height of Jingshan Mountain, there are many halls, pavilions and palace walls, which are complex and orderly.
3. One of the following sentences is () (2 points)
A. In order to commemorate the ninetieth anniversary of the founding of the Party, the whole country set off an upsurge of singing red songs.
B. Since the beginning of this year, public security organs across the country have further cracked down on crimes endangering food safety.
C. The author of the fairy tale "The Emperor's New Clothes" is the work of the world-famous Danish writer Andersen.
D. In order to avoid road traffic congestion, various places have introduced new traffic management measures.
4. The correct sentence in the following sentence is () (2 points)
All kinds of signs are warning mankind that if carbon emissions are not effectively controlled, the environment on which human beings depend will not only be unsustainable, but will continue to deteriorate.
The effective way to curb this trend is to start from each of us, save energy and reduce emissions, and adapt to a low-carbon life.
(3) This is by no means alarmist.
(4) The bad living habits and modern lifestyles of human beings have caused the increase of carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere, serious damage to the ozone layer, global warming and greenhouse effect.
⑤ Scientific research shows that climate warming will lead to the melting of the polar ice sheet of the earth, and the sea level will rise faster than expected. a .①④⑤②b .④①③⑤②c .①③④⑤②d .①②④⑤③
5. One of the following sentence conversion errors is () (2 points)
A. this matter is clear. (rhetorical question: isn't that clear? )
B. These problems can be easily solved through hard work. These problems are not easy to solve through hard work. )
C. Credit information generated in securities and futures supervision will be incorporated into the credit platform system by relevant departments. The relevant departments will incorporate the credit information generated in the supervision of securities and futures into the credit information platform system. )
D. how euphemistic, the sound of the piano! How euphemistic the sound of the piano is! )
6. The most appropriate title of the following information is () (2 points)
Xinhua News Agency reported that China Shenzhou-10 spacecraft was successfully launched at 1 1 hour 1738 Beijing time on June 20th. The flight crew consists of male astronaut Nie Haisheng, Zhang and female astronaut Wang Yaping, with Nie Haisheng as the commander.
After the spacecraft is in orbit, it will rendezvous and dock with Tiangong-1 1 automatically and with astronauts 1 manually according to the scheduled procedure. During the combined flight, astronauts stationed in Tiangong-1 to carry out space medical experiments, technical experiments and space teaching activities. After completing the combined flight, the spacecraft was evacuated and returned to the landing site, and Tiangong-1 was transferred to the long-term orbit.
The Shenzhou-10 manned spacecraft is scheduled to be successfully launched at 6: 38 on June 6th, Beijing time.
The Shenzhou-10 flight crew consists of male astronaut Nie Haisheng, Zhang and female astronaut Wang Yaping.
Shenzhou 10 will verify the rendezvous and docking technology and carry out related experiments and space teaching activities.
D shenzhou 10 was launched in June 1 1. After completing the mission, it will be evacuated and returned to the landing site.
Two, reading and accumulation of ancient poetry (22 points)
(1) Read the following ancient poems and complete questions 7-8. (4 points)
Complain about one's feelings
Lu you
Recalling that year, in order to find opportunities to make contributions, I went to Liangzhou, the border guard, alone. Where is the dream of closing the river, the dust darkens the old mink and fur.
The Hu people are still alive, the temples are frosty in autumn, and the affectionate tears are dry. Who could have predicted in this life that the original intention was to leave the enemy in Tianshan Mountain, but now he is destined to die of old age in Cangzhou!
7. If you don't understand the following correctly, it is () (2 points)
A. "Hou Feng" refers to the promotion and reuse of the emperor through the establishment of military exploits.
B. The word "Guanhe" refers to the dangerous Guansai.
C. What does "Hu" mean in "Hu is still alive"?
D. "The sideburns fall first" means that sideburns wither like fallen leaves in autumn, which means old age and disability here.
8. The understanding of this word is not accurate. One of the following is () (2 points).
A. In the first two sentences of the last movie, the poet reappeared the heroic spirit of the past and went to the front line of the enemy. "
B. In the last three or four sentences, Lu You was transferred, and the word "dark" turned the passage of time and personnel into a hazy picture of dust, and his mood was full of melancholy. .
C. the first three sentences of the next film: the remnants have not been swept, and the temples are pale; Meditate on the past, showing deep feelings that are hard to pay.
D. At the end of the next movie, two sentences: first suppress and then promote, expressing the helplessness of the poet who can only live in his hometown despite his ambition.
(2) Read the following classical Chinese and complete the 9- 13 questions. (10)
Dongpo's poems and songs are read by people. Every article, Ouyang Gong (1) is cheerful all day long, before and after. One day, when I was discussing papers and slopes with him, I sighed: "Remember what I said, after 30 years, people in the world will not tell me anything!" " "Between Chongning and Daguan (4), overseas poetry (5) prevailed, and there were not many people talking about Europe in their later years. At that time, although the court tried to ban it, the reward was increased to 800 thousand, and the more it was banned, the more it spread, and it was often boasted in many ways. Scholars are angry because they can't recite Poe's poems, but people may call it rhyme. (selected from the annotation volume of Jiangxi Ancient Literature Essentials Series)
[Note: ① Ouyang Gong: refers to Ouyang Xiu. ② ě (fěi): the son of Ouyang Xiu. (3) Don't mention me: Never mention me again, never say my reputation again. ④ Chongning and Daguan: the year number of Song Huizong. ⑤ Overseas Poetry: refers to the poems written by Su Shi when he was relegated to Hainan. ⑥ air cord: shortness of breath. ⑦ No rhyme: indecent. ]
9. The following sentences are correctly divided into reading rhythm () (2 points).
A. Write the pen on paper for others to read.
B.put pen to paper/do what people tell you
C. Write/tell by others
D. Write down the pen and let others do/recite it.
10. Add some words to explain this article. (2 points)
(1) Class () (2) is ()
1 1. Tell me the meaning of the following sentence. (2 points)
Scholar-officials were angry because they could not recite Poe's poems.
12. How to understand "If you remember me, people in the world will not know me even more after 30 years!" The meaning of this sentence. (2 points)
13. What are the characteristics of writing when the article shows Su Shi's poetic achievements? (2 points)
(3) the accumulation of ancient poetry. (8 points)
14. Fill in the blanks with the following famous sentences or fill in the blanks as required. (65438+ 0 point per grid)
(1) The moon crows in Maodian.
2, the back is burned by the sun.
It's warm in spring tonight.
(4), the fragrance is as good as ever.
(5) The poems in "Spring Snow in Qinyuan" that changed from scenery description to lyrical discussion are: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
(6) In The Charcoal Man, "The poor are naked, but their hearts are worried about charcoal, and they are willing to be cold", which describes the ambivalence of the old man who sells charcoal because of food and clothing. The poem that also describes the psychology of working people in Guan Mo Mai is "_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _"
Three, modern reading (30 points)
(1) Read the following and complete the question 15- 18. (17)
Dusk in the drizzly pond
The earliest understanding of the meaning of the word "pond" originated from a pair of remnants of Liu Tang: Yan Suochi. In my hometown, Chenfang, ponds are called ponds, and each pond has a catchy name: Guoditang, Menkoutang, Fish Pond, Lotus Pond, Qingshan Pond ... a It is like some children in the village, and every call to the pond can be heard by the wind. B The swaying of aquatic plants, the chirping of frogs, dragonflies flying in the wind, swallows sticking to water and rippling blue waves are all responses of the pond.
The pond, like other landscapes in my hometown, is very human and has witnessed the joys and sorrows of the villagers year after year.
"Spring grass grows in the pond, and the willows in the garden become songbirds." The gentle breeze in the village, all kinds of aquatic plants hanging upside down on the shore of the pond, long and hydrophilic, like a string of crisp jade beads, decorate the pool with spring water like a dream. Women have saved their strength for a winter, rolled up their sleeves and washed clothes under willow branches with long leaves. In the middle of the pond, the water ducks that began to shed their hair swam in the warm sunshine, causing ripples. Ducks croak from time to time, and their voices echo over the pond. In the distance, it sounds as if it comes from the depths of willow trees, as beautiful as music. "Spring River Plumbing Duck Prophet", that croak, should be the message of spring! The most lively thing is the night, when countless frogs sing together to wake up the dark night. This is the pain before childbirth and the happy singing of parents. Frog singing spring is a fairy scenic spot in Jiangnan pond.
The pond in summer is children's world. The sun is still halfway up the mountain, and the children are playing in the pond. After jumping on the shore, the calm pond splashed brilliantly. The children lined up and jumped into the water one by one. Round and tender water drops flew into the dense Liu Yin, making the green leaves crisp, like a torrential rain. Tired of playing, the children touch snails in the thick mud layer and catch fish in the grass. When night fell, they wrapped up their old clothes and returned with a full load.
Farmers only call it a day after the full moon, dive into the pond, wash away the dust and sweat of the day and wash away the fatigue of the day. It is the most pleasant thing to talk about farming and weather when people are in the water. Under people's tossing, the sediment in the pond surged out and turned yellow and black. After a night of precipitation, the morning is crystal clear, and you can see fish swimming in the water, thick and soft mud, mussels walking on the mud and snails moving at a glance. The pond is quiet and wide, which contains all the dirt on the hometown people and is always as clear as a mirror.
The water in Qiu Lai is very thin, and the pond turns pale, leaving only a little residual water, like the almond eyes of a little woman who cried her tears dry. But it still accepts everything, and it is as clean as ever. Farmers still come to the pond to take a bath, shouting "Ah, the water is so cold!" " "Autumn in my hometown, in this water-cooled cry, comes quietly and is unknown. The water is cool for a good autumn.
In winter, the village used fish to pray for blessings for more than a year. At the end of each year, the ponds in front of and behind our village will drain the water that has been saved for a year. A group of people caught fish barefoot in the cold mud, and their laughter echoed in the empty and distant sky for a long time. They are not afraid of the cold. As the saying goes, there are three torches hidden in the fish head! Who will be afraid of the cold when they see a fish in the fire? Baskets of fat fish, shrimp and snails were picked from the pond to the shore, and the pond on the shore was full of laughter.
The pond is fresh in all seasons, and it is more vivid in everyone's memory. Now, looking for such a pond again may only be in a dream! The years rustle like Qiu Shu in the wind, and the pond rustles to death under the influence of modernity.
Back in Chenfang, the pond was shocking: the pond at the bottom of the pot had been filled up, and two-story buildings were built on it, with thick earth bricks and hard and cold cement standing fearfully beside the green trees; The entrance pond has been blocked by silt, and there are no 8-year-old children in the depths. Diving is impossible. In late autumn, there is only one line of water left without drainage. There is no fish or water in the fish pond, and it is full of fat weeds on which cattle can walk; The lotus pond is deep in the field (1), and there are no lotus flowers. There are all kinds of plastic bags and pesticide bottles floating in the still clear residual water, which makes it difficult for people's eyes to keep for half a second. Castle Peak Pond no longer exists, but is replaced by a house. ...
I stubbornly believe that the annual floods in my hometown are related to the night pond. If there is a pond (2) every year, if the pond is still fresh and strong and rainwater can accumulate in it, why does it flood the ground? The pond receded and bathing became a problem for the villagers. Drought has become a common occurrence in farmland, frogs are gone, weeping willows are dead, and ducks are retired. ...
Accompanied by it, there are pastoral songs and classical villages that people can't let go of.
"Half an acre of square pond, day put * * *. The canal is so clear, because there is a source of living water. " When the next generation reads this ancient poem again, it will take half a day to check the notes about the pond. The remains of "Liu Tang in the Rock Pool" may really become an unprecedented and unparalleled connection.
Nowadays, few people have seen the true face of the pond. In the near future, the pond may only live in a dictionary and spend its bleak afterlife in paper. It's getting late in the pond and I'm on a road of no return.
Besides memories and dreams, where else can we meet the pond?
(Text/Chen Zhihong, abridged. )
Note ① field (fàn): field. (2) (L ǐ n) Pond: refers to the use of agricultural tools to clean up the silt and weeds in the pond.
15. In the order of _ _ _ _, the author wrote the characteristics of ponds in his hometown many years ago. (4 points)
16. The author once said that he wrote about the pond "with a painful heart". What are the author's "pains" in the face of the late pond? (6 points)
17. This article has a beautiful language image. Try to appreciate the underlined sentences in A and B .. (4 points)
in a word
B sentence
18. The author recalls the past pond, looks at today's "pond" and thinks about the future "pond", so as to alert us to what problems we pay attention to? (3 points)
(2) Read the following and complete the question 19-22. (13)
Microalgae-a recyclable "green oil field"
The world will face a serious energy crisis due to the gradual reduction or even final exhaustion of oil resources. Therefore, all countries in the world are actively looking for renewable energy that can replace petroleum products, among which biodiesel is an important bioenergy. When it comes to the raw materials of biodiesel, we may think of rapeseed and soybean. Biodiesel processed with their "in vivo" oil can effectively reduce carbon emissions. However, these two crops have a long planting period and occupy a lot of cultivated land, which will lead to the problem of "competing for food with people and land with food", thus leading to the embarrassing result of "solving the energy crisis, but there is a food crisis". At this time, microalgae entered the sight of scientists.
② Microalgae is an ancient lower plant, which is widely distributed in ocean, freshwater lake and other waters. Microalgae can directly use sunlight, carbon dioxide and simple nutrients containing nitrogen, phosphorus and other elements to grow rapidly, and synthesize a large amount of oil in cells. Therefore, microalgae provide a new oil resource for biodiesel production.
③ Compared with oil plants such as soybean, rape and jatropha curcas, the growth cycle of microalgae is short, from birth to oil production only takes about one week, while oil plants such as soybean generally take several months. In addition, microalgae have high oil content and high oil yield. The oil yield per unit area is several hundred times that of soybean, and tens of thousands of liters of biodiesel can be produced per hectare. Microalgae will not occupy cultivated land, and "microalgae oil field" can be developed on a large scale by using seawater and groundwater in beaches, saline-alkali land, deserts and desert areas, without competing with crops for land and water.
④ Microalgae can also fix a lot of carbon dioxide in the process of culture, so the production of biodiesel by microalgae can greatly reduce the emission of carbon dioxide. According to the calculation, every 1 ton microalgae needs to consume about 2 tons of carbon dioxide. In addition, microalgae can make use of nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrients in wastewater in the process of photoautotrophic culture, thus reducing eutrophication of water. Therefore, microalgae can also be used to purify wastewater discharged from factories and municipal domestic sewage.
⑤ At present, China has started the first microalgae energy 973 project "Scientific basis for large-scale preparation of microalgae energy". The project is expected to develop a "microalgae resource bank" within five years to provide algae species suitable for growing in different places and different climatic conditions in China. In the future, when building "algae-mining oil fields", all localities can choose suitable microalgae varieties from the resource pool. The project will also deeply study the mechanism of microalgae products, and strive to improve the production efficiency of microalgae oil and reduce its cost. In addition, the project will also establish a pilot system by studying photobioreactor, culture technology, harvesting, oil processing and comprehensive utilization of algae cells, comprehensively evaluate the technical, economic and environmental indicators of microalgae oil production, and vigorously promote the industrialization process of microalgae energy in China.
19. Apart from pointing out that microalgae are ancient lower plants, what are the four characteristics of microalgae? (2 points)
20. What are the two main methods of interpretation used in paragraph (3)? What are the benefits of separation? (4 points)
2 1. What problems need to be solved in the research project of "Scientific basis for large-scale preparation of microalgae energy" in China? (3 points)
22. From the full text, why is microalgae energy "recyclable" and "green"?
Four, comprehensive learning and writing (56 points)
23. Read the cartoon carefully and answer the questions. (***6 points)
(1) Briefly introduce the contents of the drawing in descriptive language. (2 points)
(2) Please talk about your understanding that "a good book is a lifetime treasure". (2 points)
(3) Please recommend a good book you have read to your classmates and briefly explain the reasons for the recommendation. (2 points)
24. Composition (50 points)
Did the joy of "Dragon" exploring the sea awaken your sleeping dream? Did the wonderful class in Tiangong arouse your inner desire? Does the right or wrong of life bring you loss or pride? Does the ups and downs bring you pain or strength? Ordinary days are linked to the watch in your heart? The ups and downs of the mind weave the same dream? Let's experience life with our hearts and express our feelings with our pens.
Please write a narrative of not less than 600 words on the topic "For your heart".
Requirements: ① Complete the topic and copy it in the first line of the composition; 2 close to life, with substance in words;
(3) Write carefully and strive for neatness and beauty; (4) The real school name and school name shall not appear in the article.
Reference answer
1.D 2。 A 3。 A 4。 B 5。 B 6。 C 7。 C 8。 D 9。 B
10.( 1) Like (2) (all other answers with accurate meaning are given points)
1 1. Scholars who haven't read Su Dongpo's poems feel humiliated (short of breath). (Give appropriate scores according to meaning and language)
12. It shows Ouyang Xiu's appreciation of Su Dongpo and thinks that Su Dongpo's literary achievements and reputation will surpass himself.
13. The article mainly shows Su Dongpo's achievements from the side. You can get extra points if you answer the meaning correctly. )
14.( 1) Banqiao Frost
(2) Sufficient steaming summer village flavor.
(3) A new type of green window screen with insect sound.
(4) crus into mud and grinding into ash,
(5) There are many beauties in Jiangshan, and countless heroes compete to bend their backs.
(6) I don't know the heat, I cherish the long summer.
15. First blank: season (or time, or four seasons, or spring, summer, autumn and winter) (2 points)
The second empty: lively (or full of energy, or full of happiness) (2 points)
16. Key points: (2 points per point)
(1) Facing the twilight of the pond, the author felt the deterioration of the ecology.
(2) Facing the twilight of the pond, the author feels that rural life is lost forever.
(3) Facing the twilight of the pond, the author feels that the beauty of classical pastoral is gone forever.
Sentence 17. A: Through anthropomorphic rhetoric, the characteristics of the pond are vividly written, which shows that the pond is closely related to the life of an old friend and expresses the author's love for the pond. (2 points)
B sentence: parallelism, a rhetorical device, shows the dynamic beauty of the pond, highlights its vivid and spiritual characteristics, and expresses the author's love for the pond. (2 points)
18. Key points of answer: (65438+ 0 point per minute)
(1) Pay attention to environmental problems and remind us to protect our living homes.
(2) Pay attention to protecting the good things and remind us to protect the good things that once brought us.
(3) Pay attention to the problems of development and inheritance, and remind us to handle the relationship between them.
19. Widely distributed, diverse, fast growing and rich in oil. (2 points)
20. Compare and list figures. Contrast makes the advantages of microalgae more prominent, and charts make the explanation more accurate and enhance the scientific nature of the article. (4 points)
2 1.① provide algae species suitable for growing in different places and different climatic conditions in China; (2) Deeply study the mechanism of microalgae products to improve oil recovery efficiency and reduce cost; ③ Comprehensive utilization research and establishment of pilot system. (3 points)
22.① Microalgae has a short growth cycle and high oil yield, and will not compete with crops for land and water. ② Cultivating microalgae can fix a lot of carbon dioxide and reduce carbon dioxide emission. Reduce water eutrophication and purify wastewater and sewage. (4 points)
23.(6 points)
(1) Example: The main body of the picture is an open book with the words "a good book" on the front cover and "the wealth of a lifetime" on the back cover. There are three feet under the book, representing an adult man, an adult woman and a child. They read the book together. (2 points) (If descriptive language is used, the content is comprehensive and the order is reasonable, it can be scored)
(2) For example, a good book can give people useful knowledge, and with knowledge, there will be inexhaustible wealth for a lifetime. (2 points) (If you can point out the relationship between "good books" and "wealth", it will make sense)
(3) Omit (2 points)
24. according to the requirements of the senior high school entrance examination. (50 points)
After reading the first chapter of the first volume of the third grade provided above, you must make notes on easy-to-mistake questions in time. I wish you all success in the exam.