Commonly known as smoky soil. Opium is a narcotic and analgesic in medicine, which is extracted from an herb poppy. Poppy is an annual cultivated plant, which is generally planted at an altitude of 300 to 1700 meters. Its plants are about 1.5 meters high. Sowing in February every year, flowering in April and May, with three colors of white, red and purple. Each flower has four flowers, and the leaves are large and smooth, green and silvery. Poppy itself is not a drug, but it is the raw material of opium products. Opium, morphine, * * *, codeine and other drugs can be obtained from poppy. Opium can be divided into raw and cooked. Raw opium is obtained by gently cutting the poppy shell with a knife, collecting its white milk and exposing it to the air. Due to oxidation, milk turns brown after drying and coagulation, while some varieties are black. Can be made into round block, cake or brick. Raw opium generally has a crisp surface, but it remains soft and sticky inside, with a strong disgusting smell, which is a bit like ammonia-flavored old urine and tastes bitter. In order to keep moist, it is usually packed with cellophane or plastic paper. Raw opium contains 15-30% minerals, resin and water, and 10-20% special alkaloids. These alkaloids can be divided into three categories: one is morphine alkaloids, including three components, 1. Morphine, opium contains 10% to 14% morphine; 2. Codeine is the methyl ether of morphine, and its content in opium is 1% to 3%; 3. Thebaine accounts for about 0.2% of opium. One is papaverine alkaloid, and its content in opium is 0.5% ~ 1%. One is narcotine hydrochloride alkaloid, which is 3% ~ 8% in opium. Raw opium needs further processing before it can be used by drug addicts. Opium can be smoked and cooked. Cooked opium is cooked and fermented raw opium, and made into strips, plates or blocks; Its surface is smooth, soft, greasy, brown or golden yellow, usually wrapped in thin cloth or plastic paper. Smoked opium will give off a strong sweetness. Opium smokers rub it into small pills or strips, bake it on the fire to soften it, then put it in the pot of the pipe, then turn the pot over to aim at the flame and smoke the smoke produced by the burning. Light smokers should smoke ten to twenty times a day, while heavy smokers should smoke more than one hundred times a day. At present, the most common smoking method is to take one or two small opium pills at a time, or to dissolve opium in water and inject its solution. Some smokers also keep the residue of opium burning for reuse when there is a shortage of cigarettes. Generally speaking, the first few bites of opium are uncomfortable, which will make people dizzy, nauseous or have a headache, but then they will experience a kind of euphoria, accompanied by crazy hallucinations. In order to achieve numbness, smokers need to be motionless and quiet. Opium addicts can maintain their professional and intellectual activities for a long time, but if they smoke too much, they will become emaciated, lose color, be in a daze, have narrowed pupils and suffer from insomnia, which is irrelevant to anything. Taking opium for a long time will make people lose their innate immunity, so the overall weakness of the human body makes opium addicts prone to various diseases. After opium addiction, it can cause serious physical weakness and mental decadence, and life expectancy will be shortened; Excessive opium consumption will lead to acute poisoning and death due to respiratory depression.

Origin of the name: opium, commonly known as opium, is a kind of drug. So, how did the word opium get its name?

Opium is made by drying the juice of poppy fruit. Poppy was originally produced in southern Europe and Asia Minor. Around the fifth century BC, the Greeks pressed the flowers or fruits of poppy into medicine. It is found that it has the functions of calming the nerves, sleeping peacefully, relieving pain, stopping diarrhea, relieving cough and forgetting worries. The Greeks called it "A-bian". At the beginning of the 6th century, Arabs spread poppy to Persia, and Persians changed the sound of "ping" to "pian" and called it "opium". In the 7th and 8th centuries, opium poppy was introduced to China from India and other places, and China people changed the sound of "A" to "crow". Since then, the word "opium" has been used in China.